A newly discovered, raccoon-sized armored monstersaurian from the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument in Southern Utah, United States, reveals a surprising diversity of large lizards at the pinnacle of the age of dinosaurs. Named for the goblin prince from J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Hobbit,” the new species Bolg amondol also illuminates the sometimes-murky path that life traveled between ancient continents. “I opened this jar of bones labeled ‘lizard’ at the Natural History Museum of Utah, and was like, oh wow, there's a fragmentary skeleton here,” said lead author Hank Woolley ...

Besides humans, very few mammals receive care from their fathers. But when species do, it may benefit their children. New research from the University of Notre Dame found that the strength of early-life father-daughter relationships predicts meaningful differences in the survival of female baboons. Published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, the study evaluated the impact father baboons may have when they choose to co-reside or interact with their daughters, even though baboon mothers provide all essential care. Until now, the consequences of early-life paternal relationships of offspring were mostly unknown. “Male baboons tend ...

A newly discovered raccoon-sized armored monstersaurian lizard from Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument in southern Utah reveals a surprising diversity of these very big lizards at the pinnacle of the Age of Dinosaurs. Named for the goblin prince from J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit, the new species Bolg amondol also illuminates the sometimes murky path that life traveled between ancient continents. Published in the open-access journal Royal Society Open Science, the collaborative research led by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County’s Dinosaur Institute reveals hidden treasures awaiting future paleontologists in the bowels of museum ...

During puberty, all kinds of hormonal changes take place in the body, which lead to the development of external sexual characteristics, such as breast growth, a lower voice or body hair growth. For transgender young people, who do not identify with the gender assigned to them at birth, these are often undesirable changes, which can be very drastic. Puberty blockers can temporarily halt these developments and give young people time to explore their gender identity. Although puberty blockers have been proven to contribute to the mental well-being of transgender young people, little is known about the influence of puberty blockers on sexual satisfaction and sexual problems later ...

For some, the word “histamine” might evoke thoughts of seasonal allergies: runny noses, scratchy throats and itchy eyes. But the molecule also influences exercise performance.   A new study from the University of Oregon underscores its beneficial role in aerobic activity and exercise recovery, showing that blocking histamine at high levels interferes with fitness gains. It remains to be seen if lower-dose, over-the-counter antihistamine drugs have the same effect.  The study was published May 30 in the Journal of Applied Physiology.   Histamine is a small signaling molecule that evolved long ...

A virtual ward bed uses 4 times less carbon than a traditional inpatient bed, so helping the NHS achieve its net zero target by 2045, finds the first study of its kind, published in the open access journal BMJ Innovations. And they are a promising way to care for more patients effectively, with the potential to reduce the need to build more high-carbon impact hospitals, suggest the researchers. A virtual ward, also known as "hospital at home," provides hospital-level care to patients in the comfort of their own homes, leveraging digital technology and remote monitoring.  In recent years, particularly ...

Cannabis use is linked to a doubling in the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease, with significantly heightened risks of having a stroke or acute coronary syndrome—sudden reduced or blocked blood flow to the heart—finds a pooled analysis of real world data, published online in the journal Heart. The authors of a linked editorial call for the drug to be treated like tobacco—not criminalised, but actively discouraged, with protection of bystanders from secondhand vapour inhalation. The use of cannabis and cannabinoids has soared over the past ...

Researchers at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) at King’s College London have identified a range of weight loss behaviours which are not included in current assessment criteria for eating disorders. These gaps may lead to missed or incorrect eating disorder diagnoses and treatment plans. The study, published in the International Journal of Eating Disorders, is the first large-scale investigation of under-recognised weight loss behaviours in individuals with eating disorders. It identifies a range of behaviours not captured by existing eating ...

(MEMPHIS, Tenn. – June 17, 2025) Single-cell RNA sequencing provides scientists with important information about gene expression in health and disease. However, the technique is expensive and often prohibits analysis of large numbers of cells. Scientists from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, the National Center for Genomic Analysis and the University of Adelaide created a method that combines microscopy with single-cell RNA analysis to overcome these limitations. The technique called Single-Cell Transcriptomics Analysis and Multimodal Profiling through ...

FAYETTEVILLE, Ark. — By combining artificial intelligence and sensors that can see beyond visible light, Arkansas researchers have developed a system that exceeds human discernment when it comes to measuring herbicide-induced stress in plants. Scientists with the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, the research arm of the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, recently published a study in Smart Agricultural Technology providing proof-of-concept that hyperspectral sensors ...

Since the mid-1800s, human activities have rapidly facilitated the spread of rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV), a pathogen that infects rice, far and wide across Africa, according to a new study led by Eugénie Hébrard, at the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, France), published June 17, 2025 in the open-access journal PLOS Pathogens. RYMV is a pathogen that infects rice and a few related grass species, and that poses a major threat to rice production in Africa. In the new study, researchers investigated how human history has shaped the spread of RYMV, looking at how distinct strains of RYMV ...

Researchers from the George Washington University have uncovered promising evidence in an animal study that shows setmelanotide, an FDA-approved medication for a rare genetic obesity disorder, may offer a pathway for treating a life-threatening form of sleep-disordered breathing called Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome. People with this syndrome don't breathe deeply or frequently enough, especially during sleep, which leads to a buildup of carbon dioxide in their bodies even when they're awake.  Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome which affects an estimated five to 10 million Americans commonly coexists with obstructive sleep apnea. While ...

Animals, from worms and sponges to jellyfish and whales, contain anywhere from a few thousand to tens of trillions of nearly genetically identical cells. Depending on the organism, these cells arrange themselves into a variety of tissues and organs, such as a gut, muscles, and sensory systems. While not all animals have each of these tissues, they do all have one tissue, the germline, that produces sperm or eggs to propagate the species. Scientists don’t completely understand how this kind of multicellularity evolved in animals. Cell-cell adhesion, or the ability for individual cells to stick to each other, certainly plays a role, but scientists already know ...

About The Study: This study found disparities in continuous glucose monitor (CGM) prescriptions by language preference, showing patients with non–English language preference having less access to CGM. These findings align with those of previous research documenting racial and ethnic disparities in CGM access.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jorge A. Rodriguez, MD, email jarodriguez1@mgb.org. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website ...

“Although the detailed mechanism for the stimulation of intra-islet GLP-1 secretion remains to be elucidated and further studies are required, as far as we know, our present study is the first to report the effect of Oxt on inducing intra-islet GLP-1 secretion.” BUFFALO, NY — June 17, 2025 — A new research paper was published in Aging (Aging-US) Volume 17, Issue 5, on May 1, 2025, titled “Oxytocin modulates insulin and GLP-1 secretion in pancreatic islets.” In this study, scientists from Fukushima Medical ...

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder, with up to 20% of patients developing complications like Erosive esophagitis (EE), Barrett’s esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. EE, characterized by mucosal necrosis and erosions, presents with symptoms ranging from heartburn to dysphagia and gastrointestinal bleeding. Despite effective pharmacologic treatments, 15% of patients exhibit refractory disease. This review synthesizes current evidence to guide clinicians in diagnosing and managing EE, balancing pharmacologic ...

 Key Takeaways Order matters: The sequence of colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis matters for patients with multiple primary cancers. Patients diagnosed with CRC first fared better than those diagnosed with a different cancer first. Better prognosis than CRC alone: CRC diagnosed as the first of multiple primary malignancies is associated with better overall and cancer-specific survival compared to just CRC or CRC as a second primary cancer. Hope, with a caveat: Patients who survive CRC have better prospects when ...

Miami (June 17, 2025) – Digital inhalers may help predict impending acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to a new study. The study is published in the May 2025 issue of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: Journal of the COPD Foundation, a peer-reviewed, open-access journal. COPD is an inflammatory lung disease, comprising several conditions, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and can be caused by genetics and irritants like smoke or pollution. The disease affects more than 30 million Americans and is the fourth leading ...

Living close to cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms — which are present nationwide but are more common in coastal and Great Lake states — heightens the rate of dying from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS, a study suggests. These blooms occur when cyanobacteria, also called blue-green algae, grows dense and out of control, producing toxic agents that can poison people and the environment.  Researchers at Michigan Medicine surveyed participants with ALS who were seen at the University ...

Background and objectives Propolis is a resinous material produced by honeybees. Its chemical composition is highly complex and varies significantly depending on geographic region and season. This intrinsic variability presents challenges to the standardization and quality control of propolis. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, total phenolic content, and antioxidant potential of propolis collected from seventeen geographical regions across Africa. Methods A reverse-phase high-performance ...

New York, NY [June 17, 2025]—In a new collaboration that could transform how cancer is treated, OCCAM Immune—a Mount Sinai initiative focused on understanding the immune system’s role in disease—is partnering with the Cancer Research Institute (CRI) to unlock the secrets of how the immune system responds to advanced therapies. Under the agreement, OCCAM Immune and CRI have established a long-term plan to support ongoing immune monitoring across CRI’s clinical trials. The collaboration ...

Suicide remains one of the most pressing public health crises affecting young adults today, with devastating consequences. According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, suicide is currently the third leading cause of death among individuals aged 18 to 25, with a 51% increase in suicide deaths between 2000 and 2021. While this trend is deeply concerning for the general population, it is even more alarming for young adults living with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) – a group long overlooked in suicide prevention efforts. Research ...

In recent years, Mendelian randomisation (MR) has revolutionised observational epidemiology by offering a tool to infer causal relationships using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs). However, its popularity has come at a cost. The editorial by Chen, Guillot, and Schneider in eGastroenterology (2025) titled "Attention to the misuse of Mendelian randomisation in medical research" delivers a timely critique of the field's current trajectory. As MR studies surge, so too do concerns about their quality and interpretive validity. The authors call for stricter methodological scrutiny and offer practical recommendations ...

AI can help public health agencies in the quest to end HIV. The United States is pursuing an initiative to end the HIV epidemic by 2030. To achieve this goal, public health agencies and organizations must remind the public about how best to avoid transmitting and acquiring the virus. Public health campaigns are costly, their effectiveness is seldom systematically assessed, and no systematic methods have been developed to build health campaigns in real-time. Dolores Albarracin and colleagues collected public health messages about HIV prevention and testing from US federal agencies, non-profit organizations, ...

Gene editing could be used to treat millions of glaucoma patients. Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness, characterized by high pressure inside the eye. Patients often rely on daily eye drops to lower intraocular pressure, but the drops may cause significant complications including bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and kidney stones. In addition, many patients fail to keep up with the eye drops. Yang Sun and colleagues used the CRISPR gene editing technique to knock down two genes associated with the production ...