Inflammation may be key to diabetes/heart disease link

American Heart Association meeting report abstract 560

2014-09-11

(Press-News.org) Inflammation may be the reason high blood sugar levels damage blood vessels, raising the possibility that anti-inflammatory medications might someday be used to lower the risk of blood vessel disease in people with diabetes, according to a study presented at the American Heart Association's High Blood Pressure Research Scientific Sessions 2014. "These findings may explain why good blood sugar control is not sufficient to avoid the development of diabetes-induced cardiovascular diseases," said Carlos F. Sánchez-Ferrer, M.D., Ph.D., study author and professor of pharmacology at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain. "We need to find new medications focused on reducing inflammation." Using cultured smooth muscle cells from the main human artery (aorta), researchers found: In the absence of inflammation, excess glucose in the culture fluid didn't enter the cells. When extra glucose was forced into the cells, no harm was done in the absence of inflammation. When the inflammation-stimulating protein interleukin-1 (IL-1) was introduced, more glucose entered the cells. With IL-1, the glucose entering the cells was metabolized via chemical pathways that spur escalating inflammation, overwhelming the cells' ability to counteract it. In the presence of the anti-inflammatory drug anakinra, which blocks the activity of IL-1, the deleterious changes didn't occur. "We need to reduce the inflammatory environment associated with diabetes," Sánchez-Ferrer said. "Changes in life-style, such as physical exercise and weight reduction, are important not only because they reduce blood sugar but because they reduce inflammation." The researchers plan to test whether the effect is similar in cultured cells from the lining of blood vessels and explore the blood sugar/inflammation connection in animals. INFORMATION: Co-authors are Concepción Peiró, Ph.D.; Tania Romacho, Ph.D.; Verónica Azcutia, Ph.D.; Laura Villalobos, Ph.D.; Enrique Fernández, Ph.D.; Juan P. Bolaños, Ph.D.; and Salvador Moncada, M.D., Ph.D. The Spanish Plan Nacional de I+D, Junta de Castilla y León, Sociedad Española de Farmacologia-Almirall; and Fundación Eugenio Rodriguez Pascual funded the study.

Note: Actual presentation time is 2 p.m. PT / 5 p.m. ET Thursday, Sept. 11, 2014.

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For more information on diabetes. For high blood pressure tools and information visit heart.org/hbp. For the latest heart and stroke news, follow us on Twitter @HeartNews. Statements and conclusions of study authors that are presented at American Heart Association scientific meetings are solely those of the study authors and do not necessarily reflect association policy or position. The association makes no representation or warranty as to their accuracy or reliability. The association receives funding primarily from individuals; foundations and corporations (including pharmaceutical, device manufacturers and other companies) also make donations and fund specific association programs and events. The association has strict policies to prevent these relationships from influencing the science content. Revenues from pharmaceutical and device corporations are available at http://www.heart.org/corporatefunding. For Media Inquiries: (214) 706-1173 Maggie Francis: (214) 706-1382; Maggie.Francis@heart.org Julie Del Barto (broadcast): (214) 706-1330; Julie.DelBarto@heart.org For Public Inquiries: (800) AHA-USA1 (242-8721) heart.org and strokeassociation.org

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