The special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) system, already known to be in deep trouble, now faces ‘a worsening crisis’ which, say experts, puts the UK on the brink of a national emergency.
A new Child of the North (CotN) report update highlights that schools still lack skills, resources and access to support services, face delays in receiving statutory individual education, health and care plans (EHCP), and experience severe school SEND absences.
‘Addressing the SEND crisis update: Implementing what works in a worsening crisis’, produced by the N8 Research Partnership and Health Equity North in partnership with Baroness Longfield’s Centre for Young Lives, provides an updated and shocking picture from the last 12 months.
“The stakes are high,” says the latest analysis. “Without action the SEND crisis will deepen, the UK’s economy will suffer, the NHS will remain under great pressure and the link between a child’s background and life chances will remain.”
'Addressing the SEND crisis update: Implementing what works in a worsening crisis' builds on last year's report 'An evidence-based plan for addressing the special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) assessment and support crisis'.
It also highlights:
A ‘widening gap’ since 2023/24 in severe absence (missing more than 50% of school) between children with an EHCP and children without Special Educational Needs (SEN).
Delays in providing EHCPs with only 46.6 % being issued within the recommended 20 weeks
Substantial regional variations mean children are disproportionally disadvantaged because of their postcode and are not receiving the support they need.
Families are battling through complex systems to get help, with a recent survey finding 92 % reported navigating the system detrimental to their mental health.
However, the update flags new evidence which confirms that teacher-based assessments could be used to shift SEN support from a diagnosis-led to a needs-led system.
“Novel analyses show that school readiness measures can be used to identify need early and address the structural inequalities blighting the UK,” says the new analysis.
Earlier CotN reports, authored by academics Dr Amy Atkinson and Professor Uta Papen, from Lancaster University, identified a SEND system crisis and offered possible solutions. The research gained government attention, but a Schools White Paper supporting SEND reform is still awaited.
The new analyses in the update confirm the results of previous research led by Dr Atkinson and extend the findings to show that these measures can help address the structural inequalities that lie at the heart of many of the UK's SEND problems.
Illustrating what can be done to create inclusive education environments and address system issues and inequalities, Professor Papen highlighted the Morecambe Bay Curriculum, a flagship project at Lancaster University, involving educators from across the region.
She said: “The Morecambe Bay Curriculum is an educator-led initiative to develop place-based curricula for learning about sustainability. Being inclusive and creating learning resources for children with SEN is a core part of the MBC, showing the role schools can play as places of belonging and connection and helping to address concerns about high rates of absences amongst children with SEN.”
This is the sixth update to be released as part of CotN’s #ChildrenFirst campaign which, working through the N8 Partnership (the eight most research-intensive universities in the North of England) aims to build a country that works for all children.
Professor Mark Mon-Williams, the report series editor from the University of Leeds, said: “The UK needs to wake up to the existential threats we are facing as a country. These reports are helping to highlight that we have a national emergency on our hands.
“We need to cut through the noise and shift the public and political discourse to the topic of how we build a country that works for all children and young people.”
#ChildrenFirst builds on a major series of reports produced last year on key topics identified by Northern child health leaders as major issues of concern, including poverty, special educational needs, school attendance and mental health. The reports included evidence-based plans and recommendations for policymakers to help address these issues.
The #ChildrenFirst campaign also includes the launch of toolkits designed to help schools, child health workers and local authorities take practical steps to improve the health and wellbeing issues faced by the children and young people in their care.
The toolkits, including one for SEND, are being published on a weekly basis over a 12 week period from September 12th alongside the re-released reports in the ‘A country that works for all children and young people’ series, which were produced jointly by Child of the North – a collaboration between the N8 Research Partnership and Health Equity North – and the Centre for Young Lives think tank.
The toolkits provide evidence and suggestions about how all parties can work together to build a country that works for all children and young people. The goal is to ensure alignment between practitioners on the ground and government’s work on the Opportunity Mission to make certain that every child has the best possible start in life.
Baroness Anne Longfield, Founder of the Centre for Young Lives, said: “Reforming the SEND system is an urgent task. Too many families face draining and bureaucratic battles to get the right support for their children, and many children are missing out on the extra help they need to learn.
"The Government's forthcoming White Paper must be the beginning of a change of direction - one that puts children first, supports families as early as possible, and provides schools with the resources they need to boost the life chances of every child.”
Each of the 12 reports is based on in-depth research carried out by academic experts in children and young people’s health and wellbeing from universities across the North of England and beyond, including N8 Research Partnership members Leeds, Manchester, Durham, York, Lancaster, Liverpool, Sheffield and Newcastle, the University of Bradford, and others.
The report update, the original report, toolkits and last year's webinar are all available on the N8 Research Partnership website.
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