In recognition of World AIDS Day 2025, Gregory Folkers and Anthony Fauci reflect on progress made in antiretroviral treatments and prevention of HIV/AIDS, highlighting promising therapeutic developmen

WASHINGTON – As the world marks World AIDS Day on Dec. 1, world-renowned infectious disease expert Anthony Fauci, MD, and his colleague Greg Folkers, MS, MPH, highlight advances made in the treatment and prevention of HIV that could finally end the pandemic, but caution, “History will judge us harshly should we squander this opportunity.” Writing in PLOS Medicine (“Treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS: Unfinished business,” December 1, 2025), Fauci, Distinguished University ...

A study led by McMaster University researchers shows that a widely available and inexpensive medication not only prevents potentially serious stomach bleeding in critically ill patients, but also saves hospitals thousands of dollars.   Published in JAMA Network Open on Dec. 1, 2025, the study is the first to demonstrate the economic benefits of the medication, pantoprazole, when prescribed in hospital for mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). These patients on life support are at high risk of ...

In Punjab, India, paddy stubble burning is a widespread agricultural practice that contributes to seasonal air pollution in the region and beyond. However, the extent to which residents recognize its impact on their own environment and health or in the highly populated areas of Delhi National Capital Region (NCR) has remained unclear. To address this gap, the Aakash Project (led by researchers from Hokkaido University in collaboration with Indian research partners) conducted interviews with 2,202 households across 22 districts in Punjab.   Urban air pollution is recognized, but local sources are undervalued About 46% ...

Fukuoka, Japan—Total hip arthroplasty (hip replacement) is a common treatment for hip osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease caused by cartilage in the hip joint wearing down. However, clinical outcomes vary between patients, and the best timing for surgery remains unclear. Now, researchers at Kyushu University have identified that pre-surgery walking speed is a strong predictor of post-surgery outcomes. In a study published on 26 November in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, they found that patients ...

Every time a rocket is launched, tons of valuable materials are lost, and huge amounts of greenhouse gases and ozone-depleting chemicals are released into the atmosphere. Publishing December 1 in the Cell Press journal Chem Circularity, sustainability and space scientists discuss how the principles of reducing, reusing, and recycling could be applied to satellites and spacecraft—from design and manufacturing to in-orbit repair and end-of-life repurposing.  “As space activity ...

A new study from UC San Francisco shows it may be possible to control HIV without long-term antiviral treatment — an advance that points the way toward a possible cure for a disease that affects 40 million people around the world.  Treatment with a combination of experimental immunotherapy agents enabled seven out of 10 participants to keep the virus at low levels for many months after going off antiretroviral therapy (ART).  The results appear on Dec. 1, World AIDS Day, in Nature.  The trial, which relied on a collaboration with ...

One in five people in the United States live in a rural area. Patients in rural communities often struggle to access care because of travel difficulties, high costs and limited resources, leading to worse medical outcomes. With over 150 rural hospital closures since 2010, innovative approaches to care delivery in rural areas are needed. In a new study by investigators from Mass General Brigham and Ariadne Labs, in collaboration with colleagues at rural U.S. and Canadian health centers, researchers found that hospital-level care at home is feasible for patients living in rural areas with acute conditions ...

About The Study: In this randomized clinical trial of home hospital care in rural settings, cost and readmission were unchanged while patient activity and experience improved. Late transfer home likely attenuated the intervention’s effect.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, David M. Levine, MD, MPH, MA, email dmlevine@bwh.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.45712) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, ...

About The Study: In this cross-sectional study of U.S. children, immigrant compared with U.S.-born children had disparities in health care access, which were attenuated in states with the most inclusive state insurance policies, suggesting that inclusive state insurance eligibility policies for immigrant children may improve health care access outcomes for this population.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Katherine E. Douglas, MD, email katherine.douglas@childrens.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this ...

About The Study: This study found that individuals with overweight in childhood who had normal weight in young adulthood had similar risk of coronary heart disease as individuals with normal weight in childhood and young adulthood. These findings have implications for public health planning, emphasizing the importance of early detection and treatment of overweight during childhood and adolescence. Corresponding Authors: To contact the corresponding authors, email Rebecka Bramsved, PhD (rebecka.bramsved@gu.se) and Jenny M. Kindblom, PhD (jenny.kindblom@gu.se). To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.4950) Editor’s ...