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Engineering
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Engineering

Model construction and dominant mechanism analysis of Li-ion batteries under periodic excitation

The lithium-ion battery is a new energy storage device widely employed in various fields such as mobile power, electric vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and spacecrafts due to its high energy, high efficiency, lightweight, and environmental friendliness. Understanding the internal mechanism of the battery is of utmost importance. The electrochemical model provides detailed insights into the internal mechanism of lithium batteries and encompasses the single-particle model and the P2D model, as well as ...

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Engineering

New lightweight polymer film can prevent corrosion

CAMBRIDGE, MA -- MIT researchers have developed a lightweight polymer film that is nearly impenetrable to gas molecules, raising the possibility that it could be used as a protective coating to prevent solar cells and other infrastructure from corrosion, and to slow the aging of packaged food and medicines. The polymer, which can be applied as a film mere nanometers thick, completely repels nitrogen and other gases, as far as can be detected by laboratory equipment, the researchers found. That degree of impermeability ...

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Engineering

Fractal-based metamaterial improves sound fields in car cabins

WASHINGTON, Nov. 11, 2025 — Car enthusiasts will pay hundreds of dollars for stereo systems that will improve the sound quality in their cars. However, the inherent directionality of speakers and complex shapes of car cabins can exacerbate sound disparities between the drivers and passengers, no matter how advanced a speaker system. In the Journal of Applied Physics, by AIP Publishing, researchers from a collaboration of institutions in China created a prototype using a fractal to mitigate the sound differences. Fractals are unique shapes that can be split into infinitely smaller ...

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Engineering

Where does continental material on islands come from?

Many oceanic islands far from active plate tectonic boundaries contain materials that clearly originate from continents, even though they are located in the middle of an oceanic plate. Where do the continental remnants come from? Are they sediments that are recycled when oceanic plates subduct into the mantle? Or do they originate from the depths of the Earth's mantle and are carried upward by hot currents, known as mantle plumes? Both explanations are being discussed, but they fall short. This is because some volcanic regions show little evidence of crustal recycling, while others are too cool to be driven by mantle plumes. Researchers at the University of Southampton and the GFZ Helmholtz ...

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Engineering

Death Valley plant reveals blueprint for building heat-resilient crops

In California’s Death Valley, where summer temperatures regularly soar above 120 degrees Fahrenheit, life seems almost impossible. Yet among the cracked earth and blinding sunlight, one native plant not only survives — it thrives. That plant, Tidestromia oblongifolia, has helped Michigan State University scientists uncover how life can flourish in extreme heat, revealing a potential blueprint for engineering crops that can adapt to our changing climate. In a new paper published in Current Biology, Research Foundation Professor Seung Yon “Sue” Rhee and Research ...

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Engineering

Dr. Johnson V. John appointed as a Standing Member of the NIH Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering (MTE) Study Section

Los Angeles, CA – November 7, 2025 - The Terasaki Institute proudly announces that Johnson V. John, Ph.D., Assistant Professor at the Institute, has been appointed as a standing member of the Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering (MTE) Study Section within the Center for Scientific Review at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). His four-year term is scheduled to begin in November 2025. The MTE Study Section plays a central role in the NIH’s rigorous peer-review process, evaluating competitive research proposals focused on biomaterials, cellular and molecular strategies, and engineering approaches that drive ...

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Engineering

Mechanical shear forces can trigger gas bubble formation in magmas

Models that inform how magma moves and volcanic eruptions unfold may need an update, according to a new study. It reports that gas bubbles in magmas can form through the mechanical forces of shear as magmas flow and deform– a new physical mechanism for magma bubble nucleation that challenges conventional degassing models. The formation of gas bubbles within magma – also known as nucleation – is a fundamental process that shapes how volcanic eruptions unfold. The timing and rate at which these bubbles appear and expand influences key magma features, including its buoyancy, viscosity, and explosive potential. Understanding nucleation is therefore vital for ...

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Engineering

U of A-led team discovers large ritual constructions by early Mesoamericans

In the summer of 2020, an international team led by a University of Arizona archaeologist reported the discovery of the largest monumental construction known today in the Maya area in the state of Tabasco, near Mexico's southeastern border. The monument, found at a site called Aguada Fénix, measures nearly a mile long and a quarter-mile wide, ranges from 30 to 50 feet high and dates to 1,000 B.C. In the five years since that discovery, the team, led by Regents Professor of anthropology Takeshi Inomata and Fred A. Reicker Distinguished Professor of anthropology Daniela Triadan, has pieced together evidence about Aguada ...

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Engineering

Engineering defects could transform the future of nanomaterials

MINNEAPOLIS / ST. PAUL (11/05/2025) — Materials scientists at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities have found a way to create and control tiny “flaws” inside ultra-thin materials. These internal features, known as extended defects, could give next-generation nanomaterials entirely new properties, opening the door to advances in nanotechnology. The study, published in Nature Communications, demonstrated that patterned regions of the material could achieve a density of extended defects—atomic-scale disruptions in the crystal lattice—up to 1,000 times higher than in unpatterned areas. “These extended defects are exciting because they ...

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Engineering

Engineered membraneless organelles boost bioproduction in corynebacterium glutamicum

A research team led by Professor WANG Peng from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with international researchers, has successfully engineered liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)-driven membraneless organelles (MLOs) within the food-grade industrial strain Corynebacterium glutamicum. The related findings have been published in Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology. LLPS-driven MLOs represent an emerging technology in cell structure engineering. By dynamically isolating enzymes and substrates, LLPS significantly improves metabolic efficiency and enhances the synthesis of target products. In ...

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Engineering

Engineering a clearer view of bone healing

Healing a broken bone can take months, and knowing whether recovery is on track often takes just as long. Doctors typically rely on periodic X-rays, capturing two-dimensional images to see how the bone is growing back together. Patients return for follow-up scans every few weeks or months, repeating the cycle until the bone shows signs of complete healing. Healing of shin bone (tibia) fractures, in particular, slows or stalls up to 25% of the time. Factors such as age or underlying health conditions like diabetes can influence the speed of fracture healing. Delayed or incomplete ...

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Engineering

FAU Engineering receives $1.5m gift to launch the ‘Ubicquia Innovation Center for Intelligent Infrastructure’

The College of Engineering and Computer Science at Florida Atlantic University has received a $1.5 million gift from the Aaron Family Foundation and Ubicquia, Inc., a Fort Lauderdale-based technology company, to establish the “Ubicquia Innovation Center for Intelligent Infrastructure” (UICII). Ubicquia is a global leader in artificial intelligence-driven sensors and software platforms that help utilities and municipalities improve grid resiliency, reduce energy consumption, and enhance public safety. The UICII will serve as an accelerator for innovation, design and deployment of leading-edge industrial sensors, ...

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Engineering

From charged polymers to life-saving innovations

Whether natural or synthetic, polymers — large molecules made up of repeating units called monomers — exhibit complex structures and properties that make them useful in a wide range of applications. In their soft, nearly liquid biogel form, polymers viewed through an optical microscope resemble a bowl of tangled soft noodles. In that state, they tend to coacervate, or combine, with other polymers — when those polymers carry opposite electrostatic charges. UC Santa Barbara ...

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Engineering

Building a safer future: 40+ experts chart roadmap to reduce firearm harms by 2040

JAMA EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11:05 AM (ET) MONDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 2025 To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article. This link will be live at the embargo time: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2025.18076?guestAccessKey=aa261df0-fa34-4202-9144-5bce85b8661a&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=110325 CHICAGO, IL — Since the start of the 21st century, ...

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Engineering

Lichens and drones reveal dinosaur bones

Vibrant orange-coloured lichens are helping scientists discover dinosaur fossils in Canada, according to a new study published today [3 November] in Current Biology. An international team of palaeontologists and remote sensing scientists have made an exciting discovery at UNESCO World Heritage Site Dinosaur Provincial Park, in Alberta. They have found that certain lichen species preferentially colonise exposed dinosaur bones, creating distinctive spectral signatures that can be detected from 30 metres above ground using drones. Dr Brian ...

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Engineering

Sinking Indian megacities pose 'alarming' building damage risks

Sinking land is quietly destabilizing urban infrastructure in India’s largest cities, putting thousands of buildings and millions of people at risk, according to Virginia Tech scientists. Groundwater overuse is a critical driver of the problem, said Susanna Werth, assistant professor of geosciences who co-authored the paper published Oct. 28 in Nature Sustainability. “When cities pump more water from aquifers than nature can replenish, the ground quite literally sinks,” Werth said. “Our study shows that this overexploitation ...

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Engineering

Crystal-free mechanoluminescence illuminates new possibilities for next-generation materials

In the 17th century, Francis Bacon described a simple experiment—scraping and fracturing hard sugar in the dark to see sparks of light. This phenomenon is called mechanoluminescence (ML) or triboluminescence (TL), the process of materials emitting light under mechanical stimulation, like grinding or crushing. Usually, ML properties of luminescent compounds are observed in rigid crystalline systems, which limits their real-world applications. Now, researchers at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) have found a way to generate ML ...

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Engineering

Cycling ‘near misses’ in London worst at rush hour and on roads without dedicated infrastructure

The types, locations and causes of cycling ‘near misses’ in London have been mapped using helmet-mounted cameras and GPS devices to track commuter journeys, in a new study from UCL researchers that provides valuable data for improving road safety. The study, published in Accident Analysis and Prevention, is the first to combine real-time verbal reporting of incidents with panoramic video footage and GPS data to understand the behavioural and environmental factors contributing to ‘near misses’ (where a crash between ...

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Engineering

Highly manipulated heterostructure via additive manufacturing

Titanium (Ti) is a promising metal for biomedical implant applications owing to lightweight, superior corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Unfortunately, Ti is besieged by poor wear resistance owing to inferior plastic shear-resistance and strain-hardening capacity, thus causing premature failure upon joint friction. And conventional strengthening methods inevitably compromise the inherent biocompatibility and safety of pure titanium, which poses a sizable challenge in the manufacturing of wear-resistant Ti orthopedic implants. As described by the Archard law, wear resistance ...

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Engineering

Disruptive investments can build a cleaner aviation industry

Taking greater investment risks with technologies and new lines of business can help lower emissions from the aviation industry, one of the world’s fastest-growing sources of climate pollution, shows new research from UCD Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School. The full article, “Mobilizing Capital and Technology for a Clean Aviation Industry,” was first published in Science, one of the world’s top academic journals. Cutting planet-warming pollution to near-zero will take more than inventing new clean technologies; ...

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Engineering

‘Slums’ of Victorian Manchester housed wealthy doctors and engineers, new study reveals

UNDER STRICT EMBARGO UNTIL 00:01AM UK (BST) ON TUESDAY 21ST OCTOBER 2025 / 19:01PM US (ET) ON MONDAY 20TH OCTOBER 2025 Work, shopping, church and the pub kept different classes apart far more than ‘residential segregation’ in 1850s Manchester, undermining key assumptions about the Industrial Revolution. Historians have long assumed that Manchester’s middle classes sheltered from the poor in town houses and suburban villas. But by mapping digitized census data, new research shows that many middle-class Mancunians including doctors and engineers lived in the same buildings and streets as working-class residents including weavers and spinners. Over ...

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Engineering

3D printed antenna arrays developed for flexible wireless systems

PULLMAN, Wash. – Washington State University-led researchers have developed a chip-sized processor and 3D printed antenna arrays that could someday lead to flexible and wearable wireless systems and improved electronic communications in a wide variety of auto, aviation, and space industry applications. Reporting in the journal Nature Communications, the researchers used 3D printing, the processor, and an ink made from copper nanoparticles to create the flexible antenna arrays. “This proof-of-concept prototype paves the way ...

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Engineering

Learning the language of lasso peptides to improve peptide engineering

In the hunt for new therapeutics for cancer and infectious diseases, lasso peptides prove to be a catch. Their knot-like structures afford these molecules high stability and diverse biological activities, making them a promising avenue for new therapeutics. To better unleash their clinical potential, a team from the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology developed LassoESM, a new large language model for predicting lasso peptide properties. The collaborative study was recently published in Nature Communications. Lasso peptides are natural products made by bacteria. To produce these peptides, bacteria use ribosomes to build chains of amino acids that are then folded by biosynthetic ...

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Engineering

Researchers chart path for investors to build a cleaner aviation industry

Cutting planet-warming pollution to near-zero will take more than inventing new clean technologies—it will require changing how the world invests in them. That’s especially true for industries like aviation, where developing and adopting greener solutions is risky and expensive, according to a University of California San Diego commentary piece in Science. The paper calls for smarter ways of managing investment risk could help speed up the shift toward cleaner air travel and other hard-to-decarbonize sectors. “The aviation sector—a ...

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Engineering

Rare earth engineering to mitigate corrosion challenges in seawater electrolysis

As global demand for green hydrogen grows, scientists are exploring direct seawater electrolysis as a sustainable way to produce hydrogen without consuming scarce freshwater. Yet, seawater contains abundant chloride ions, which corrode electrodes and drastically shorten device lifetimes — a major barrier to commercialization. A recent study by Shen et al., published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS, 2025), presents a promising breakthrough: a rare-earth oxide protection layer that shields seawater ...

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