Technology
press releases.

Technology26 Apr 2024

Computer scientists unveil novel attacks on cybersecurity

Researchers have found two novel types of attacks that target the conditional branch predictor found in high-end Intel processors, which could be exploited to compromise billions of processors currently in use. The multi-university and industry research team led by computer scientists at University of California San Diego will present their work at the 2024 ACM ASPLOS Conference that begins tomorrow. The paper, "Pathfinder: High-Resolution Control-Flow Attacks Exploiting the Conditional Branch Predictor," is based on findings from scientists from UC San ...

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Technology26 Apr 2024

Barcodes expand range of high-resolution sensor

The same geometric quirk that lets visitors murmur messages around the circular dome of the whispering gallery at St. Paul’s Cathedral in London or across St. Louis Union Station’s whispering arch also enables the construction of high-resolution optical sensors. Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonators have been used for decades to detect chemical signatures, DNA strands and even single molecules. In the same way that the architecture of a whispering gallery bends and focuses sound waves, WGM microresonators confine and concentrate light in a tiny circular path. This enables WGM resonators ...

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Technology26 Apr 2024

Tomography-based digital twins of Nd-Fe-b magnets

1. NIMS has succeeded in simulating the magnetization reversal of Nd-Fe-B magnets using large-scale finite element models constructed based on tomographic data obtained by electron microscopy. Such simulations have shed light on microstructural features that hinder the coercivity, which quantifies a magnet’s resistance to demagnetization in opposing magnetic fields. New tomography-based models are expected to guide toward the development of sustainable permanent magnets with ultimate performance. 2. Green power generation, electric transportation, and other high-tech industries rely heavily on ...

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Technology26 Apr 2024

ETRI develops an automated benchmark for labguage-based task planners

If instructed to “Place a cooled apple into the microwave,” how would a robot respond? Initially, the robot would need to locate an apple, pick it up, find the refrigerator, open its door, and place the apple inside. Subsequently, it would close the refrigerator door, reopen it to retrieve the cooled apple, pick up the apple again, and close the door. Following this, the robot would need to locate the microwave, open its door, place the apple inside, and then close the microwave door. Evaluating how well these steps are executed exemplifies the essence of ...

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Technology26 Apr 2024

Revolutionizing memory technology: multiferroic nanodots for low-power magnetic storage

Traditional memory devices are volatile and the current non-volatile ones rely on either ferromagnetic or ferroelectric materials for data storage. In ferromagnetic devices, data is written or stored by aligning magnetic moments, while in ferroelectric devices, data storage relies on the alignment of electric dipoles. However, generating and manipulating magnetic fields is energy-intensive, and in ferroelectric memory devices, reading data destroys the polarized state, requiring the memory cell to be re-writing. Multiferroic materials, which contain both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic orders, offer a promising solution for more efficient ...

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Technology26 Apr 2024

Automated machine learning robot unlocks new potential for genetics research

MINNEAPOLIS/ST. PAUL (04/26/2024) — University of Minnesota Twin Cities researchers have constructed a robot that uses machine learning to fully automate a complicated microinjection process used in genetic research. In their experiments, the researchers were able to use this automated robot to manipulate the genetics of multicellular organisms, including fruit fly and zebrafish embryos. The technology will save labs time and money while enabling them to more easily conduct new, large-scale genetic experiments that were not possible previously using manual techniques The research is featured on the cover of the ...

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Technology25 Apr 2024

Escape the vapes: scientists call for global shift to curb consumer use of disposable technologies

Scientists have called for a concerted global effort to stem the tide of disposable electronic technologies – such as vapes – contributing to international waste accumulation and environmental degradation. Writing in the journal Science, researchers from across the UK have highlighted how disposable vape sales quadrupled in the UK between 2022 and 2023, with consumers now throwing away around 5 million devices each week. In the United States, 4.5 disposable vapes are thrown away each second, and it is fast becoming an issue replicated right across the world. One of the main upshots, scientists say, is that vapes and other disposable ...

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Technology25 Apr 2024

Capturing and visualizing the phase transition mediated thermal stress of thermal barrier coating materials via a cross-scale integrated computational approach

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are widely used in gas turbine engines to obtain elevated working temperatures and improve engine efficiency. The phase transition of the ceramic layer is accompanied by a large volume difference, causing the concentration of thermal stress, eventually leading to TBCs to fall off and fail. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively evaluate the magnitude and distribution of thermal stress induced by phase transition in the ceramic layer. A team of material scientists led ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

Q&A: How TikTok’s ‘black box’ algorithm and design shape user behavior

TikTok’s swift ascension to the upper echelons of social media is often attributed to its recommendation algorithm, which predicts viewer preferences so acutely it’s spawned a maxim: “The TikTok algorithm knows me better than I know myself.” The platform’s success was so pronounced it’s seemed to spur other social media platforms to shift their designs. When users scroll through X or Instagram, they now see more recommended posts from accounts they don’t follow. Yet for all that influence, the public knows little about how TikTok’s ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

New study reveals how AI can enhance flexibility, efficiency for customer service centers

BINGHAMTON, N.Y. -- Whenever you call a customer service contact center, the team on the other end of the line typically has three goals: to reduce their response time, solve your problem and do it within the shortest service time possible. However, resolving your problem might entail a significant time investment, potentially clashing with an overarching business objective to keep service duration to a minimum. These conflicting priorities can be commonplace for customer service contact centers, which often rely on the latest technology to meet customers’ ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

Sweet potato quality analysis is enhanced with hyperspectral imaging and AI

URBANA, Ill. – Sweet potatoes are a popular food choice for consumers worldwide because of their delicious taste and nutritious quality. The red, tuberous root vegetable can be processed into chips and fries, and it has a range of industrial applications, including textiles, biodegradable polymers, and biofuels. Sweet potato quality assessment is crucial for producers and processors because features influence texture and taste, consumer preferences, and viability for different purposes. A new study from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign explores the use of hyperspectral imaging and explainable artificial intelligence (AI) to assess ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

Laser technology offers breakthrough in detecting illegal ivory

A new way of quickly distinguishing between illegal elephant ivory and legal mammoth tusk ivory could prove critical to fighting the illegal ivory trade. A laser-based approach developed by scientists at the Universities of Bristol and Lancaster, could be used by customs worldwide to aid in the enforcement of illegal ivory from being traded under the guise of legal ivory. Results from the study are published in PLOS ONE today [24 April]. Despite the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) ban on ivory, poaching associated with its illegal trade has ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

Why can’t robots outrun animals?

Robotics engineers have worked for decades and invested many millions of research dollars in attempts to create a robot that can walk or run as well as an animal. And yet, it remains the case that many animals are capable of feats that would be impossible for robots that exist today. “A wildebeest can migrate for thousands of kilometres over rough terrain, a mountain goat can climb up a literal cliff, finding footholds that don't even seem to be there, and cockroaches can lose a leg and not slow down,” ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

Artificial sweetener has potential to damage gut

New research has discovered that neotame, one of the new generation of artificial sweeteners, is capable of damaging the human intestine and causing illness. The study is the first to show that neotame can cause previously healthy gut bacteria to become diseased and invade the gut wall – potentially leading to health issues including irritable bowel syndrome and sepsis – and also cause a breakdown of the epithelial barrier, which forms part of the gut wall. The research, which is published in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition and was carried out at Anglia Ruskin ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

Lead-vacancy centers in diamond as building blocks for large-scale quantum networks

Much like how electric circuits use components to control electronic signals, quantum networks rely on special components and nodes to transfer quantum information between different points, forming the foundation for building quantum systems. In the case of quantum networks, color centers in diamond, which are defects intentionally added to a diamond crystal, are crucial for generating and maintaining stable quantum states over long distances. When stimulated by external light, these color centers in diamond emit photons carrying information about their internal electronic states, especially the spin states. The interaction between the emitted photons and the ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies announces theme issue on participatory methods in rehabilitation research

JMIR Publications invites submissions to a new theme issue titled “Incorporating Participatory Methods in Developing, Implementing, and Evaluating Rehab Interventions and Assistive Technologies” in its premier, open access journal JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies (JRAT). JRAT is a peer-reviewed journal indexed in PubMed and PubMed Central, SCOPUS, DOAJ, Web of Science, Sherpa Romeo, and EBSCO and EBSCO Essentials. This theme issue aims to showcase research that actively engages patients, caregivers, and other stakeholders (knowledge users) ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

Pioneering the future of urban traffic: The revolutionary spatiotemporal-restricted a* algorithm

As urban areas continue to grow, the demand for innovative solutions to alleviate traffic congestion and improve transportation efficiency has never been more urgent. A recent breakthrough study presented by researchers from the Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory as well as international research team introduces a cutting-edge approach to managing traffic at urban intersections using the spatiotemporal-restricted A* algorithm. This advanced method promises to transform how traffic is handled by optimizing the flow of both connected automated vehicles (CAVs) and human-driven vehicles (HVs) ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

On the trail of deepfakes, Drexel researchers identify ‘fingerprints’ of AI-generated video

In February, OpenAI released videos created by its generative artificial intelligence program Sora. The strikingly realistic content, produced via simple text prompts, is the latest breakthrough for companies demonstrating the capabilities of AI technology. It also raised concerns about generative AI’s potential to enable the creation of misleading and deceiving content on a massive scale. According to new research from Drexel University, current methods for detecting manipulated digital media will not be effective against AI-generated video; but a machine-learning approach could be the key to unmasking these synthetic creations. In a paper accepted ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

Virtual reality can motivate people to donate to refugee crises regardless of politics

PULLMAN, Wash. – Political conservatives who watched a documentary on Syrian refugees with a virtual reality headset had far more sympathy for the people depicted in the film than those who viewed the same film on a two-dimensional computer screen. Higher sympathy levels among the conservatives who watched the VR version of the documentary, “Clouds over Sidra,” resulted in a greater willingness to donate to the crisis, according to a study on the research published in New Media & Society. Liberal participants in the study reported high levels of sympathy and ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

Study uses wearable devices to examine 3- to 6-year-olds’ impulsivity, inattentiveness

Why do some young children struggle to sit through a story one day but not the next? Why do they rush impulsively into one activity but not another? Parents and teachers often focus on individual differences as they prepare children for formal schooling, but traditional measurement approaches make it difficult to study fluctuations in children’s behavior. In a new study, researchers sought to understand children’s impulsive and inattentive behaviors in early education classrooms by having students use wearable devices called accelerometers to collect an intensive time series of their movement at school. The study found that children modulated their ...

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Technology24 Apr 2024

SRI chosen by DARPA to develop next-generation computational design of metallic parts and intelligent testing of alloys

SRI announced today that it has been selected by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to deliver advanced technology for its recently launched Multiobjective Engineering and Testing of ALloy Structures (METALS) program. DARPA METALS aims to break today’s one-material-per-part paradigm, which can lead to vulnerabilities and reduced life when highly engineered components experience austere environments. The goal of the four-year program is to develop technologies that treat material selection – particularly metallic alloys – as a continuous ...

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Technology23 Apr 2024

A new chapter in quantum vortices: Customizing electron vortex beams

A new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances; DOI 10.29026/oea.2024.230184 , discusses tailoring electron vortex beams with customizable intensity patterns by electron diffraction holography. In recent years, the scientific community has witnessed a notable breakthrough in the study and development of electron vortices. Electron vortices are electron beams that carry orbital angular momentum, meaning the electrons move not only in their propagation direction but also rotate in a vortex-like manner. This unique characteristic offers many new physical properties and potential applications, making it a powerful ...

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Technology23 Apr 2024

This tiny chip can safeguard user data while enabling efficient computing on a smartphone

Health-monitoring apps can help people manage chronic diseases or stay on track with fitness goals, using nothing more than a smartphone. However, these apps can be slow and energy-inefficient because the vast machine-learning models that power them must be shuttled between a smartphone and a central memory server. Engineers often speed things up using hardware that reduces the need to move so much data back and forth. While these machine-learning accelerators can streamline computation, they are susceptible to attackers who can steal secret ...

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Technology23 Apr 2024

SwRI to discuss connected vehicle data exchanges, AI tools at 2024 ITS America Conference & Expo

SAN ANTONIO — April 23, 2024 — During this week’s ITS America Conference & Expo, Southwest Research Institute will share its latest intelligent transportation systems (ITS) research designed to integrate connected vehicle data exchanges and artificial intelligence into public transportation infrastructure. “SwRI’s ITS solutions are designed to improve safety for the traveling public using software that helps transportation agencies operate more efficiently,” said Josh Johnson, ...

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Technology22 Apr 2024

Advancing high-resolution ultrasound imaging with deep learning

Researchers at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology developed a new technique to make ultrasound localization microscopy, an emerging diagnostic tool used for high-resolution microvascular imaging, more practical for clinical settings. Their method uses deep learning to advance in the post-processing pipeline of ULM. Their technique, called LOcalization with Context Awareness Ultrasound Localization microscopy, or LOCA-ULM, appears in the journal Nature Communications. “I’m really excited about making ULM faster and better so that more people will be able to use this technology. I think deep learning-based computational ...

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