Recognized for outstanding research and service to the community, Wei Kang, a Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) professor in the Department of Applied Mathematics, was honored by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) as a 2025 SIAM Fellow. Applied mathematics provides a foundation for all kinds of leading-edge research into complex science and technology with naval and defense applications. A leading professional society for math whizzes, SIAM selected 25 Fellows from its international community of 14,000 members who represent almost 500 organizations worldwide, including academia, ...

An international research collaboration led by Rutgers University-New Brunswick scientists that examined microscopic blobs of protein found in human cells has discovered that some morph from an almost honey-like substance to a hard candy-like solid.  These mysterious droplets, known as biomolecular condensates, solidify when they carry a high proportion of the protein alpha-synuclein, the scientists reported in Science Advances. Clumps of alpha-synuclein are commonly found in the brain cells of people with Parkinson’s disease, ...

Fifty years since its discovery, scientists have finally worked out how a molecular machine found in mitochondria, the ‘powerhouses’ of our cells, allows us to make the fuel we need from sugars, a process vital to all life on Earth. Scientists at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, have worked out the structure of this machine and shown how it operates like the lock on a canal to transport pyruvate – a molecule generated in the body from the breakdown of sugars – into our mitochondria. Known as the ...

COLUMBUS, Ohio – Researchers have found that targeting an enzyme called PGM3 can help stop the growth of glioblastoma, the most dangerous type of brain tumor. This enzyme plays a vital role in the hexosamine synthesis pathway, which is involved in the processes of protein and lipid glycosylation that allow tumors to rapidly grow. Lipid glycosylation is a process where sugar molecules attach to fats (lipids) in the body. Researchers with The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James and Richard J. Solove Research Institute believe that targeting PGM3 can reduce tumor growth and eliminate glioblastoma cells. “This ...

In a groundbreaking study co-authored by a Texas A&M University scientist, researchers have revealed new insights into the geological history of Mars' Jezero Crater, the landing site of NASA’s Perseverance rover. Their findings suggest that the crater's floor is composed of a diverse array of iron-rich volcanic rocks, providing a window into the planet’s distant past and the closest chance yet to uncover signs of ancient life. Research scientist Dr. Michael Tice, who studies geobiology and sedimentary geology in the Texas A&M College of Arts and ...

PHILADELPHIA, PA (April 17, 2025) – A Monell Chemical Senses Center study published this week in the Journal of Clinical Investigation offers renewed hope for individuals living with Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS), a rare genetic disorder characterized by early-onset obesity, compulsive eating, and cognitive impairments. The Monell team and colleagues identified that GLP-1 receptor agonists, a class of drugs currently used to treat type-2 diabetes and obesity, as a promising therapeutic for managing the metabolic complications associated with BBS. They used ...

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — For scientists who want to learn about the geological history of a planet, river deltas are a great place to start. Deltas gather sediment from a large area into one place, which can be studied to reveal climate and tectonic histories or signs of past life. That’s why NASA sent its most recent Mars rover to Jezero Crater, home to a prominent and well-preserved delta.  And that’s why planetary scientists are also interested in finding deltas on Saturn’s moon Titan. Titan is the only planetary body ...

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — The professional world has no shortage of micromanagers — or, as Penn State School of Labor and Employment Relations (LER) faculty members Craig L. Pearce and Hee Man Park like to call them, “accidental dictators.” But leaders don’t have to fall into that trap, according to an article published in the journal Organizational Dynamics co-written by Pearce, Brova Family Endowed Professor of leadership and human resources, and Park, associate professor of human resource management and director of LER’s graduate program. The journal’s readership is largely made up ...

Lehigh University Senior Research Scientist Arup K. SenGupta, a professor emeritus in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, is the 2025 recipient of the Simon W. Freese Environmental Engineering Award and Lecture, presented by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). SenGupta, an ASCE Fellow, is an internationally recognized water scientist whose research has led to sustainable solutions for removing arsenic, fluoride, and other contaminants from drinking water around the world. His pioneering work in ion exchange science has also advanced technologies for desalination, wastewater reclamation, and carbon ...

Just under 4 in 10 women who died by firearm suicide had no documented history of mental or physical health problems in a new study, highlighting a need for prevention strategies tailored to at-risk women. The findings come at a time when suicides have been on the rise, alongside a surge in gun ownership — especially among women, said lead author Laura Prater, an assistant professor in The Ohio State University College of Public Health. In the last two decades, firearm deaths in the U.S., including those involving suicide, increased by almost 50%. Women historically made up 10 to 20% of new gun owners, a percentage ...

People with medical debt in 2023 were about five times more likely to forgo mental health care treatment in the following year due to cost, compared to those without medical debt, according to a study led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. For their study, the researchers analyzed 2023 and 2024 data from a nationwide survey related to mental health. The researchers found that 33.8% of respondents who reported having had medical debt in 2023 also reported forgoing mental health care for cost-related reasons in 2024, compared ...

Background and Aims Liver fibrosis is a key process in the progression of chronic liver diseases. However, there are currently no drugs specifically designed to treat liver fibrosis. Our Phase 2 trial of hydronidone for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-associated liver fibrosis showed that adding hydronidone to entecavir resulted in significant reversal of liver fibrosis. To further evaluate the efficacy of a 270 mg/day dose of hydronidone for treating liver fibrosis associated with CHB, we conducted ...

Both the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing for cancer and the rate of claim denials for such testing increased between 2016 and 2021, despite implementation of a recent Medicare national coverage determination that established coverage standards for NGS testing. The analysis by Georgetown University researchers and colleagues, and funded by a grant from the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health, appears April 18, 2025, in JAMA Network Open. The researchers point to several possible ...

About The Study: In this serial cross-sectional study of adolescents in grades 7 to 11, legalization of cannabis edibles and extracts was associated with an increase not only in edible cannabis use and cannabis smoking, but also in the overall prevalence of cannabis use and co-use of alcohol and cannabis, highlighting the need for stricter policy measures to curb adolescents’ access to cannabis edibles and extracts and greater awareness among adolescents about harms of cannabis use. Corresponding ...

About The Study: In this survey study, more than 1 in 7 adults reported carrying medical debt in 2023, of whom 1 in 3 forwent mental health care in the subsequent year. Medical debt may exacerbate the treatment gap by potentially (1) raising the threshold for seeking care, (2) eroding patient trust in the health system, or (3) being denied care due to outstanding debts. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Catherine K. Ettman, PhD, email cettman1@jh.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2025.0383) Editor’s ...

Colder temperatures are linked with increased risk of diarrhea among Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh, emphasizing the need for climate-sensitive health strategies in refugee settings. A new study by scientists at Hokkaido University has found that lower temperatures significantly increase the risk of gastroenteritis among Rohingya refugees living in Bangladesh’s Kutupalong and Nayapara camps. Gastroenteritis is a viral or bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the stomach and intestines, resulting in ...

Background and objectives Oxidative stress could be a key process in acyclovir (ACV)-induced nephrotoxicity. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a water-soluble antioxidant with anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of NAC on ACV-induced nephrotoxicity in adult Wistar rats. Methods Forty adult male Wistar rats (200–220 g) were used. The rats were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 5/group) and were treated intraperitoneally daily for seven days as follows: Group 1 (Control) was administered water (0.2mL), while groups 2–4 were administered NAC (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg). Group 5 was administered ACV (150 mg/kg), while ...

Background and Aims Ferroptosis plays an essential role in chronic liver diseases, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) affects liver fibrosis through multiple mechanisms. However, research on COX-2 regulation of ferroptosis in chronic liver injury remains limited. This study aimed to investigate whether and how COX-2 regulates ferroptosis in chronic liver injury. Methods In vivo, a thioacetamide (TAA)-induced chronic liver injury model, characterized by significant liver lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, was used. COX-2+/+ and COX-2–/– mice ...

Washington, April 18, 2025—The American Educational Research Association (AERA) has announced the winners of the 2025 Palmer O. Johnson Memorial Award. The Palmer O. Johnson Memorial Award is presented annually in recognition of the most outstanding article published in an AERA journal. The recipients are Denisa Gándara (University of Texas at Austin), Hadis Anahideh (University of Illinois, Chicago), Matthew P. Ison (Northern Illinois University), and Lorenzo Picchiarini (Interlake Mecalux) for their article, “Inside the Black Box: Detecting and Mitigating Algorithmic Bias Across Racialized ...

Summary: A collaborative study by researchers from Toyohashi University of Technology and California Institute of Technology (Caltech) introduces a groundbreaking algorithm that maps individual brain activity in a multi-dimensional space. This “neural fingerprint” reveals stable, long-term neural traits that interplay with transient brain states during social interactions. The study demonstrates that individuals whose neural fingerprints are more aligned tend to more readily enter a shared state of deep focus—commonly known as team flow—which has profound implications for enhancing teamwork ...

OAK BROOK, Ill. – The results of a large survey from a diverse patient population revealed cautious support for artificial intelligence (AI) implementation in screening mammography, according to a study published today in Radiology: Imaging Cancer, a journal of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). Personal medical history and sociodemographic factors influenced respondent’s level of trust in AI. While the diagnostic accuracy of AI systems has drastically improved in recent ...

CHICAGO ― John N. Weinstein, M.D., Ph.D., chair of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology and professor of Systems Biology at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, has been elected to the 2025 class of Fellows of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Academy in recognition of decades of combined laboratory and computational work pioneering multi-omic molecular profiling, including the introduction of new laboratory techniques, clustered heat maps, and early innovations in artificial intelligence for cancer drug discovery. The mission of the AACR Academy is to honor distinguished scientists whose contributions have propelled ...

When the immune system does not function properly, individuals become more susceptible to infections caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Researchers from Radboud university medical center have demonstrated that an existing drug can revive immune cells that are not functioning correctly. These findings provide leads for further research in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis.    Twenty percent of global deaths are associated with sepsis, and it is the leading cause of death in ICUs. Sepsis is characterized by organ failure, for instance of the kidneys or lungs, caused by a dysregulated immune response to an infection. Patients with ...

Over the last couple of decades, many people have regained hearing functionality with the most successful neurotech device to date: the cochlear implant. But for those whose cochlear nerve is too damaged for a standard cochlear implant, a promising alternative is an auditory brainstem implant (ABI). Unfortunately, current ABIs are rigid implants that do not allow for good tissue contact. As a result, doctors commonly switch off a majority of the electrodes due to unwanted side effects such as dizziness or facial twitching—leading most ...

Proteins form the structural and functional backbone of the cell, and any perturbation in their synthesis can disrupt normal cellular functions. The DNA blueprint is carefully read, transcribed, and translated into functional proteins through a tightly regulated process. The ‘ribosome’ plays a crucial role in orchestrating the translation of the messenger RNA transcript by assembling amino acids into the corresponding polypeptide sequence. Ribosomal functions beyond protein synthesis have been uncovered over the years, revealing its role ...