Researchers have uncovered that some childhood cancers have a substantially higher number of DNA changes than previously thought, changing the way we view children’s tumours and possibly opening up new or repurposed treatment options. Concentrating on a type of childhood kidney cancer, known as Wilms tumour, an international team genetically sequenced multiple tumours at a resolution that was previously not possible. This collaboration included researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, University of Cambridge, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, the Oncode Institute in the Netherlands, Great Ormond Street Hospital, and Cambridge University ...

ITHACA, N.Y. – A new material developed at Cornell University could significantly improve the delivery and effectiveness of mRNA vaccines by replacing a commonly used ingredient that may trigger unwanted immune responses in some people. Thanks to their ability to train cells to produce virus-killing proteins, mRNA vaccines have gained popularity over the last five years for their success in reducing the severity of COVID-19 infection. One method for delivering the mRNA to cells is by packaging it inside fatty spheres, called lipid nanoparticles, that protect it from being degraded. However, a common component of ...

The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, commonly referred to as the “AMOC,” is a system of ocean currents confined to the Atlantic basin that plays a crucial role in regulating Earth’s climate by transporting heat from the Southern to the Northern Hemisphere. The AMOC also modulates regional weather, from the mild summers in Europe to the monsoon seasons in Africa and India. Climate models have long predicted that global warming will cause the AMOC to weaken, with some projecting substantial weakening ...

MISTRAL is a new generation receiver installed on the Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT) and built by the Sapienza University of Rome for the National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) as part of the upgrade of the radio telescope for the study of the Universe at high frequencies, funded by a PON (National Operational Program) project, concluded in 2023 and now providing its first significant scientific results. MISTRAL stands for “MIllimetric Sardinia radio Telescope Receiver based on Array of Lumped elements kids”. MISTRAL is an innovative receiver in many ways. Radio astronomy ...

CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — In a review in The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, Stephen Long, a professor of crop sciences and of plant biology at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, describes research efforts to “future-proof” the crops that are essential to feeding a hungry world in a changing climate. Long, who has spent decades studying the process of photosynthesis and finding ways to improve it, provides an overview of key scientific findings that offer a ray of hope. Higher temperatures, more frequent and longer droughts, catastrophic rainfall events and rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels all ...

LONDON, England Revolutionary Platform Sets New Benchmark for Transparency and Compliance in Diagnostic AI As the May 26th CE-IVDR compliance deadline comes into effect, Diagnostics.ai launches the industry’s first fully-transparent machine learning platform for clinical real-time PCR diagnostics – demonstrating exactly how each result was achieved, a first for molecular-testing machine learning. The technology is backed by over 15 years of experience and millions of successfully processed samples with >99.9% proven accuracy. The CE-IVDR Strategic Advantage Platform is Diagnostics.ai's ...

The process of necrosis, a form of cell death, may represent one of the most promising ways to change the course of human aging, disease and even space travel, according to a new study from researchers at UCL, drug discovery company LinkGevity and the European Space Agency (ESA). In the study, published in Nature Oncogene, a world-leading international team of scientists and clinicians explore the potential of necrosis – when cells die unexpectedly as a result of infection, injury or disease – to reshape our understanding and treatment of age-related conditions. Challenging prevailing ...

According to the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, approximately 1 in 6 children in the United States have developmental disabilities which include physical, learning, language or behavior-related disabilities. Students with disabilities often receive accommodations (how students access and learn the same content as their classmates) at school, but teachers rarely explain them to typically-developing classmates. Children with disabilities are increasingly included in general education classrooms alongside typically-developing classmates. Accommodations ...

Highlights - The world's first successful petabit-class transmission over more than 1,000 km using standard 19-core optical fiber, achieving a transmission rate of 1.02 petabits per second over a distance of 1,808 km. - Achieved using a newly developed standard 19-core optical fiber, equivalent to 19 standard fibers, low loss across multiple wavelength bands, and the development of an optical amplification relay function compatible with this fiber. - This is a major step to realize future long-distance, large-capacity optical communication systems. Abstract An international research team led by the Photonic Network Laboratory at the National Institute of Information and ...

Many sharks, particularly those that live in the open oceans, are hunters rather than scavengers. Despite this, a small portion of their diet comes from scavenging, a behavior they may engage in when the opportunity arises. Now, writing in Frontiers in Fish Science, researchers have described an unusual aggregation of sharks coming together to feed on a carcass that had decayed to mostly flesh and blubber. “To our knowledge, this is the first study to document a feeding aggregation of tiger sharks and oceanic whitetip sharks scavenging concurrently, and peacefully, on a carcass,” said first author Dr Molly Scott, a marine researcher ...

New archaeological findings along a little-known medieval wall in eastern Mongolia reveal that frontier life was more complex than previously believed. Excavations show evidence of permanent habitation, agriculture, and cultural exchange, suggesting that these walls were not solely defensive structures but part of a broader system of regional control and interaction during the Jin dynasty. Link to pictures and video: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1krCqKwVHzMIA-EaU7AhES47HikEgElmp?usp=sharing A team of international archaeologists ...

Interactive robots should not just be passive companions, but active partners–like therapy horses who respond to human emotion–say University of Bristol researchers. Equine-assisted interventions (EAIs) offer a powerful alternative to traditional talking therapies for patients with PTSD, trauma and autism, who struggle to express and regulate emotions through words alone. The study, presented at the CHI '25: Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems held in Yokohama, recommends that therapeutic robots should also exhibit a level of autonomy, rather than one-dimensional displays of friendship ...

May 28, 2025 MSU has a satellite uplink/LTN TV studio and Comrex line for radio interviews upon request. Why this matters: Too much of a specific type of Bt corn — genetically modified to produce insecticides against corn rootworm — is being planted in places that don’t have a high risk of corn rootworms destroying corn crops. This overuse is causing corn rootworms to become resistant, or immune, to Bt insecticides. So Bt corn isn’t working as well now in Corn Belt states where corn rootworm is a serious risk, as rootworms are becoming increasingly pesticide resistant. Corn rootworm is one of the worst ...

A new concept of kinetic modules in biochemical networks could revolutionize the understanding of how these networks function. Scientists from the University of Potsdam and the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology in Golm succeeded in linking the structure and dynamics of biochemical networks via kinetic modules, thus clarifying a systems biology question that has been open for longtime. Their groundbreaking findings were published today in the journal “Science Advances”. Biochemical networks are the central processing units of a cell that enable it to process signals and convert molecules into building blocks ...

HOUSTON – (May 28, 2025) – Some of the most promising materials for future technologies come in layers just one atom thick ⎯ graphene, e.g., a sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, prized for its exceptional strength and conductivity. While hundreds of such materials exist, truly merging them into something new has remained a challenge. Most efforts simply stack these atom-thin sheets like a deck of cards, but the layers typically lack significant interaction between them. An international team of researchers led by Rice University ...

TORONTO, May 28, 2025 – Ahead of World No Tobacco Day on May 31, York University researchers with Global Strategy Lab (GSL) have published a paper that finds a lack of gender analysis in tobacco control research. The researchers say this means that we could be missing out on important strategies accounting for gendered behaviors that could help smokers quit. The paper, published today in BMJ Tobacco Control, is the first in a series of papers coming out of York University and GSL on gender and smoking.  “In the tobacco ...

Parkinson’s disease is best known for its effects on the central nervous system. In addition, recent scientific advances generally emphasize the role of the immune system in the presence and development of the disease. In a study published today in Brain, researchers led by Université de Montréal associate professor of neuroscience Martine Tétreault show that some cell types in the immune system are activated more in patients who have Parkinson’s. “Thanks to a new technology called single-cell RNA-seq, we can differentiate ...

Inflammatory bowel disease, which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, has long been considered a modern condition of the industrialized West, with cases steadily increasing in North America and Europe throughout the 20th century. New research conducted by an international consortium shows that IBD and related conditions are now spreading through developing regions in Africa, Asia, and Latin America as well. The study, published in Nature, used data from more than 500 population-based studies covering more than 80 geographic regions to describe a pattern of four distinct stages IBD ...

MINNEAPOLIS — After a mild stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), people who spend more time in bed sleeping or trying to sleep may be more likely to have lower scores on tests of thinking and memory skills and changes in their brains that can lead to dementia or second strokes, according to a study published on May 28, 2025, online in Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Spending longer in bed—when some of that time can be not sleeping due to difficulty falling asleep, fragmented sleep, poor quality sleep or other problems—can be a sign of a sleep disorder. The study found that both people ...

As coral reefs struggle to adapt to warming waters, high levels of pollution and sea-level rise, ballooning sea-urchin populations are threatening to push some reefs in Hawaii past the point of recovery. The phenomenon is described in a new study that uses on-site field work and airborne imagery to track the health of the reef in Hōnaunau Bay, Hawaii. Overfishing is the main culprit behind the explosion in sea-urchin numbers, said Kelly van Woesik, Ph.D. student in the North Carolina State University Center for Geospatial Analytics and first author of the study. “Fishing in these areas has greatly reduced the number of fishes that feed on these ...

Adolescents in India whose mothers experience domestic violence face significantly increased risk of anxiety and depression Article URL: https://plos.io/4ja7HiJ Article title: Examining the impact of maternal experiences of domestic violence on the mental health of their adolescent children in India Author countries: U.S., Germany, India, U.K., France, China Funding: The author(s) received no specific funding for this work. END ...

We might become less sociable as we age as brain scans of adults across the lifespan show disruption of brain connectivity, suggesting impairments in our ability to form and maintain relationships  Article URL: https://plos.io/3S1CiE6 Article title: Intrinsic functional connectivity brain networks mediate effect of age on sociability Author countries: Singapore Funding: The author(s) received no specific funding for this work. END ...

Llamas may have been domesticated in the semi-arid North of Chile prior to the Incas, according to multi-proxy analysis of early camelid remains Article URL: https://plos.io/4mzZabZ  Article title: Multi-proxy analysis of El Olivar camelids (1,090-1,440 cal AD): Evaluating the presence of llamas (Lama glama, Linnaeus 1758) in the Semiarid North of Chile before the arrival of the Inca Author countries: Chile, Denmark, Argentina Funding: Work funded by the El Olivar Archaeological Project. ...

In order to truly decolonize the field of global health, it may be necessary for institutions from the Global North to practice “ruinous solidarity,” according to a study published May 21, 2025 in the open-access journal PLOS Global Public Health by Daniel Krugman from Brown University, United States, and Alice Bayingana from the University of Sydney, Australia.    Even as scholarship related to decolonizing global health advances, global health institutions from the Global North still largely dominate the field via a “soft money” structure (funded by repeatedly winning ...

Refugees in Sweden who lived in institutional housing during the asylum process are prescribed more anti-anxiety and anti-depressant medication and visit hospital more than those who lived in self-organized housing, with the associations persisting for years.  ### Article URL: https://plos.io/3Ztgx3U   Article Title: Housing during the asylum process and its association with healthcare utilization for common mental disorders among refugees in Sweden: A nationwide cohort study Author Countries: Sweden Funding: The author(s) received no specific funding ...