In Brazil, a group led by researchers from São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Jaboticabal, in collaboration with the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), has developed an artificial intelligence (AI) tool to assess the stress levels of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), the most widely produced native fish in Brazil. The study was published in the journal Aquaculture. The results could impact both animal welfare and the selection of specimens that are more tolerant of the farming environment. Tambaqui is an Amazonian species primarily farmed in the ...

The five-year grant from the National Institute on Aging (NIA) will fund Cole’s research on dual decline while integrating advanced training in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias, and systems biology of aging. Older adults experiencing dual decline are at greater risk of developing dementia than those with changes in only one area.  “Research into dual decline may help researchers identify predictors and treatment targets, potentially transforming early detection and intervention strategies for aging adults with an elevated risk of physical and cognitive decline,” ...

University of Maryland School of Medicine Dean, Mark T. Gladwin, MD, announced today the appointment of distinguished parasitologist and immunologist Stefan Kappe, PhD, to be the new Director of the school’s Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health (CVD). He will also serve as the Myron M. Levine, MD, DTPH Professor of Vaccinology in the Department of Pediatrics. Dr. Kappe is a Professor and the Associate Vice Chair of Basic Science Research in the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Washington in Seattle. He is also a senior principal investigator at the Center for Global ...

23andMe Research Institute, Troper Wojcicki Philanthropies (TWP), and Lifebit today announced the official launch of an open-source data platform for the Lung Cancer Genetics Study. Launched in 2024, the Lung Cancer Genetics Study aims to enroll 10,000 individuals diagnosed with lung cancer by 2027. The study already includes more than 1,200 participants and is one of the most diverse cohorts ever assembled for lung cancer genetics research.  This marks a new phase in the study — with researchers now able to request access to de-identified data from consenting study participants and begin conducting analyses. This unique research program ...

Embargoed for release until 5:00 p.m. ET on Monday 8 September 2025    Follow @Annalsofim on X, Facebook, Instagram, Bluesky, and Linkedin              Below please find summaries of new articles that will be published in the next issue of Annals of Internal Medicine. The summaries are not intended to substitute for the full articles as a source of information. This information is under strict embargo and by taking it into possession, media representatives are committing to the terms of the embargo not only on their ...

Boston University has appointed pioneering biomedical engineer and experienced higher education leader Kenneth Lutchen as its new vice president and associate provost for research. He will lead BU’s $500 million research enterprise, which spurs new knowledge and impactful advances. In the past year alone, BU researchers have launched a global AI-powered infectious diseases monitoring tool, engineered devices that could improve cancer treatment, and landed a telescope on the moon. Lutchen has held a variety of teaching and leadership positions since ...

The market for video-on-demand platforms has grown rapidly in the last decade, with nearly 90% of U.S. households subscribing to a service, and most subscribers having four or more platforms. In this context, and as more than a third of U.S. subscribers cancel their subscriptions within short periods, retaining subscribers and maximizing engagement have become crucial to the industry. In a new study, researchers examined how the release strategy of shows—gradually or all at once—influences users’ engagement and subscription rates at a video-on-demand platform. The study found that each approach has its merits, but that gradually releasing shows boosts consumers’ ...

As every bodybuilder knows, a deep, restful sleep boosts levels of growth hormone to build strong muscle and bone and burn fat. And as every teenager should know, they won't reach their full height potential without adequate growth hormone from a full night's sleep. But why lack of sleep — in particular the early, deep phase called non-REM sleep — lowers levels of growth hormone has been a mystery. In a study published in the current issue of the journal Cell, researchers from University ...

Research Highlights: Only 1 in 7 online stock images of blood pressure monitoring aligned with the procedures recommended by clinical guidelines. Online stock images depicting blood pressure monitoring in the home were approximately three times more accurate than images depicting blood pressure monitoring in a physician’s office, health care facility or hospital. This study is among the first to review online images of people having their blood pressure measured from major stock photo websites. Embargoed until 2 p.m. CT/3 p.m. ET Monday, ...

Run. Red. World. Pronouncing the “r” sound in these words requires precise control of the tongue. For most children, this happens naturally, but many children struggle with residual speech sound disorder (RSSD) in which speech errors persist past the age of eight. In a large-scale study, researchers in speech pathology tested a promising treatment approach that incorporates biofeedback—a method that uses technology to provide visual feedback to improve speech. They found that children’s ability to say the “r” sound improved at a ...

Scientists have discovered why older people are more likely to suffer severely from the flu, and can now use their findings to address this risk. In a new study, which is published in PNAS, experts discovered that older people produce a glycosylated protein called apoplipoprotein D (ApoD), which is involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation, at much higher levels than in younger people. This has the effect of reducing the patient’s ability to resist virus infection, resulting in a more serious disease outcome. The team established that highly elevated ApoD production ...

In northern California, salmon are more than just fish—they’re a cornerstone of tribal traditions, a driver of tourism and a sign of healthy rivers. So it may not come as a surprise that NAU and University of California Berkeley scientists working along the region’s Eel River have discovered a micro-scale nutrient factory that keeps rivers healthy and allows salmon to thrive.   The scientists’ new study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) reveals how a partnership ...

During and after chemotherapy, nearly half of cancer patients endure circadian rhythm disruptions, which worsens treatment side effects. Because the body’s primary rhythm pacemaker is in the brain, this suggests that perhaps chemotherapeutics target the brain to disrupt circadian rhythms. However, research shows that cancer treatments do not penetrate the brain well. To shed light on this discrepancy, researchers led by Leah Pyter at Ohio State University explored whether paclitaxel, a frequently used breast cancer treatment, disrupts the biological clock in the brain to impair circadian rhythms.  In their eNeuro paper, the researchers used a paclitaxel treatment regimen ...

People who repeatedly observe aggression have a higher likelihood of engaging in violent behavior later in life. In a new JNeurosci paper, Jacob Nordman and colleagues, from Southern University of Illinois School of Medicine, used mice to explore the environmental factors and neural mechanisms that lead to the aggression that witnesses later acquire.  In a behavioral paradigm created by this research group, mice observed known peers or unfamiliar strangers attack intruder mice. Only male witnesses later displayed increased aggression themselves, and this happened only after watching familiar peers attack intruders.  What neural mechanism might be driving ...

Do colors trigger unique brain responses? And do different people have the same brain responses to colors? In a new JNeurosci paper, Michael Bannert and Andreas Bartels, from the University of Tübingen, explored color representation in the human brain to address these questions.   The researchers measured color-induced brain responses from one set of participants. Next, they predicted what colors other participants were observing by comparing each individual’s brain activity to color-induced responses of the first set of observers. Bannert and Bartels found that ...

In a landmark study of Hispanic and Latino adults, researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine have identified a link between self-reported cognitive decline and blood-based biomarkers, which could pave the way for a simple blood test to help diagnose Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. This approach could be faster, less-invasive and more affordable than existing screening tools. The results are published in JAMA Network Open. “We need ways to identify underlying neurodegenerative ...

A joint team from the University of Stuttgart in Germany and the University of Melbourne in Australia has developed a new method for the straightforward analysis of tiny nanoplastic particles in environmental samples. One needs only an ordinary optical microscope and a newly developed test strip—the optical sieve. The research results have now been published in “Nature Photonics” (doi: 10.1038/s41566-025-01733-x). “The test strip can serve as a simple analysis tool in environmental and health research,” explains Prof. ...

Theoretical study by Limor Raviv, Damian Blasi and Vera Kempe, argues that children are not likely to be the main force behind linguistic innovation. For more than a century, scholars have repeated a powerful idea: that the mistakes children make when learning to speak are the seeds of language change. From 19th-century linguist Henry Sweet’s famous claim that “if languages were learnt perfectly by the children of each generation, then languages would not change,” to contemporary studies, the notion that children drive language evolution has been ...

(Barcelona, Spain-- September 8, 2025 at 5:00 PM CEST / UTC +2)— Clinical data presented today demonstrates the combination of tarlatamab with anti-PD-L1 therapy as first-line maintenance has an acceptable safety profile and resulted in unprecedented overall survival in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). K.G. Paulson, MD, Providence-Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Wash., presented new safety and efficacy data from the phase 1b DeLLphi-303 trial evaluating tarlatamab in combination ...

About The Study: In this cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) use was associated with body mass index (BMI) -dependent cardiovascular benefits and consistent kidney protection, suggesting the importance of BMI stratification in guiding treatment decisions. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Ming-Lung Tsai, MD, email mltsai.cgmh@gmail.com. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.30952) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, ...

About The Study: In this study, fine particulate matter air pollution exposure was associated with increased dementia severity and increased Alzheimer disease neuropathologic change. Population-based studies are needed to better understand this relationship. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Edward B. Lee, MD, PhD, email edward.lee@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2025.3316) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for ...

Among the tiniest living things in the ocean are a group of single celled microbes called Prochlorococcus. They are cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, and they supply nutrients for animals all the way up the food chain. Over 75% of surface waters teem with Prochlorococcus, but as ocean temperatures rise, researchers fear that the water might be getting too warm to support the population. Prochlorococcus is the most abundant photosynthesizing organism in the ocean, accounting for 5% of global photosynthesis. Because Prochlorococcus thrive in the tropics, researchers predicted that they would adapt ...

As lawmakers and public health experts debate the safety of nicotine pouches, researchers from Rutgers Health found that for now, most adults that use these products also have a history of tobacco use and may be choosing these products as a possible step toward reducing or quitting more dangerous forms of nicotine delivery. The findings – believed to be the first national estimates of daily nicotine pouch use in the U.S. – were published in JAMA Network Open. Faced with declining cigarette sales, tobacco manufacturers in the U.S. are turning to tobacco-free nicotine ...

SINGAPORE, 8 SEPTEMBER 2025—Just as a computer’s operating system can be rewritten after a major update, dengue infection can ‘re-programme’ the body’s immune system, leaving a long-lasting genetic imprint that influences how people respond to future infections—an effect not seen with vaccination. These novel insights from a recent study shed light on the mechanics of dengue disease progression and vaccine action, filling an important knowledge gap on how even imperfect vaccines can be used safely. It also paves the way for the future development of safer and ...

The MicroRestore project, presented by Dr. Gianluca Ianiro, has been awarded one of the European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grants, intended for talented young scientists who have completed their doctoral studies (PhD) no more than seven years ago. Following a rigorous selection process and an in-person interview, an international panel of experts draws up a merit ranking that rewards scientific excellence. The ERC Starting Grant—worth €1.5 million and lasting five years—is a highly prestigious recognition, that had never before been awarded to a researcher from the Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli/Università ...