Whether designing a window in an airliner or a cable conduit for an engine, manufacturers devote a lot of effort to reinforcing openings for structural integrity. But the reinforcement is rarely perfect and often creates structural weaknesses elsewhere. Now, engineers at Princeton and Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a technique that can maintain structural integrity by essentially hiding the opening from the surrounding forces. Rather than reinforcing the opening to protect against a few select forces, the new approach reorganizes nearly any set of forces that could affect the surrounding material to avoid the opening. In a May 5 article in the ...

CAMBRIDGE, MA -- Tuberculosis, the world’s deadliest infectious disease, is estimated to infect around 10 million people each year, and kills more than 1 million annually. Once established in the lungs, the bacteria’s thick cell wall helps it to fight off the host immune system. Much of that cell wall is made from complex sugar molecules known as glycans, but it’s not well-understood how those glycans help to defend the bacteria. One reason for that is that there hasn’t been an easy way to label them inside cells.  MIT chemists have now overcome that obstacle, demonstrating that they can label a ...

Some reef fish have the unexpected ability to move their jaws from side to side, biologists at the University of California, Davis have discovered. This ability – which is rare among vertebrate animals – allows these fish to feed rapidly and efficiently on algae growing on rocks. The work is published May 5 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Being able to move your jaw from side to side might not seem surprising from a human point of view, but if you look across all vertebrate ...

Wheat is a major source of calories, carbohydrates and protein worldwide, and its distinctive gluten proteins are what gives bread and pasta dough texture and elasticity. But it also can cause autoimmune reactions such as celiac disease, which is growing in prevalence worldwide. Researchers at the University of California, Davis, have deleted a cluster of genes in wheat that generates gluten proteins that can trigger immune reactions without harming the breadmaking quality of this globally nutritious crop. The findings, published this month in the journal Theoretical and Applied Genetics, won’t ...

Researchers used precision medicine platform, Quadratic Phenotypic Optimisation Platform (QPOP), to predict treatment response and identify effective drug combinations for soft tissue sarcomas (STS). Results highlight a promising drug pairing of AZD5153 and pazopanib to treat STS. Findings support the potential of using data-driven, phenotypic screening in guiding personalised cancer therapies for STS.   SINGAPORE – A study conducted by researchers from the Agency for Science, Technology and ...

People typically evaluate the preferences of both themselves and others before making decisions in moral dilemmas. Researchers have theorized how people face moral dilemmas, but experimental data is lacking. In a new JNeurosci paper, JuYoung Kim and Hackjin Kim at Korea University provide what they claim is the first experimental data to address the question of how people face moral dilemmas.   The researchers assessed study participants’ awareness of their own bodily signals and how closely they aligned with unknown group moral preferences in different scenarios. Awareness of internal states was measured using self-reports and self-evaluations ...

It’s notable when a scientific study reaches the decade mark, but when the topic is the healthy aging of people who have lived 10 times as long, it just means there’s still a lot more to learn. This month, researchers participating in the Cilento Initiative on Aging Outcomes or CIAO study will gather in Acciaroli (Pollica-Cilento) Salerno, Italy to review a decade of work and plan their next steps. Launched in 2016, the CIAO study seeks to identify key factors (biological, psychological and social) that promote healthy aging and extreme ...

AMHERST, Mass. — For the cautious – or simply curious – homeowner, an at-home water testing kit may seem reassuring. But there are high levels of variability between test kits’ abilities to detect potential contaminants in water, a new study from the University of Massachusetts Amherst has found. “People might be concerned about their drinking water, whether they’ve heard things in the news, or they notice it tastes different, or the color is different,” says Emily Kumpel, associate professor of civil and environmental ...

PULLMAN, Wash. – When it comes to closing a deal, salespeople may be losing customers before they ever say a word. New research from Washington State University suggests the location of sales interactions may be just as important as the sales pitch. The research, “Psychological Reactance Among B2C Sales Prospects,” published in the Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, examines how the physical sales environment affects customer behavior in private and public settings. Researchers Bitty Balducci and Minjoo Kim, ...

In the Netflix hit-series Adolescence, young people's online lives and negative male role models are important themes. On the social media site Reddit, the series is being discussed extensively by ordinary streaming users, who not only relate to the show's artistic qualities and acting performances, but also the difficult themes. “The Adolescence discussions on Reddit are good examples of the types of discussion communities we see today on social media about TV series and films,” ...

In two randomized studies with around 1,500 participants, the researchers compared the impact of active remembrance work with the mere provision of information. The study focused on the #everynamecounts project, a digital crowdsourcing project run by the Arolsen Archives in which volunteers digitize historical documents related to the persecution of Nazi victim groups. Half of the participants actively took part in this project and digitized so-called prisoner registration cards from the Buchenwald concentration camp. The other group only received information about Nazi persecution and the archived documents ...

University of Edinburgh scientists have harnessed the power of AI in a new tool that promises to speed up analysis of data from gel electrophoresis experiments. The technique is widely used across biological sciences to separate and analyse biomolecules and routinely used to inform on many biomolecule activities such as genomic manipulation, DNA supercoiling or evaluating the success or failure of assembly of a bionanostructure or artificial conjugate. The core principle of gel electrophoresis is simple: biomolecules are suspended within inset wells in a gel matrix, a voltage is ...

Endemic to China’s Yangtze River, the Yangtze finless porpoise is known for its intelligence and charismatic appearance; it looks like it has a perpetual smile on its face. To track how this critically endangered porpoise’s habitat range has changed over time, a team of biodiversity and conservation experts compiled 724 ancient Chinese poems referencing the porpoise from historic collections across China. Publishing in the Cell Press journal Current Biology on May 5, their results show that the porpoise’s range has decreased by at least 65% over the past 1,400 years, with the majority of this decline occurring in the past century. ...

Young people with a diagnosable mental health condition report differences in their experiences of social media compared to those without a condition, including greater dissatisfaction with online friend counts and more time spent on social media sites. This is according to a new study led by the University of Cambridge, which suggests that adolescents with “internalising” conditions such as anxiety and depression report feeling particularly affected by social media. Young people with these conditions are more likely to report comparing themselves to others on social media, feeling a lack of self-control ...

About The Study: In this study, the prevalence of depressive symptoms increased substantially among U.S. adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Worsening mental health trends were concentrated among younger adults.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Rishi K. Wadhera, MD, MPP, MPhil, email rwadhera@bidmc.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.0993) Editor’s Note: Please see the article ...

About The Study: Cannabis use in pregnancy was associated with greater odds of preterm birth, small for gestational age, and low birth weight even after adjusting for co-use of tobacco products, and confidence in these findings increased from low in the prior review to moderate in the current meta-analysis. The findings of this study may help inform patient counseling and future public health policies.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jamie O. Lo, MD, email loj@ohsu.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.0689) Editor’s ...

About The Study: Parents’ use of technology in their child’s presence was negatively associated with cognitive and psychosocial outcomes and screen time among young children, although the effect sizes were small. Further research focusing on potential impacts on physical activity, sleep, and motor skills is needed. Understanding these associations is crucial for informing research and guidelines aimed at minimizing the potential negative effects of this phenomenon on early childhood development.  Corresponding ...

Is it extinct, or does it still roam somewhere deep in the misty highland forests of Vietnam and Laos? It has been nicknamed the Asian unicorn due to its almost mythical rarity, and it is the most recently discovered large land mammal, becoming known to science as late as in 1992. Even then, it was already endangered. Today, even the most optimistic estimates say fewer than 100 saola individuals (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis) remain, but it could also be extinct by now. The last confirmed sighting in the wild was in 2013. Researchers have been searching for it ever since, ...

Some red algae exhibit structural color that gives their growth tips a blue hue and the rest of their bodies including their fruiting structures a white hue. Moreover, since the color-producing structures are located together with anti-herbivory chemicals, the Kobe University discovery is the first to suggest that red algae use colors for inter-species communication. Red algae are red due to the pigments they use to collect light. Kobe University phycologist KAWAI Hiroshi says: “Being a diver, I have long been aware that some red algae have a much whiter appearance ...

Groundbreaking research from the University of Virginia School of Medicine has revealed crucial new insights into the immune systems of COVID-19 survivors, particularly those struggling with persistent breathing issues. The study shows that these patients have distinct changes in their immune system that link to the severity of their lung damage. This discovery holds promise for developing targeted treatments for the lung complications of Long COVID. The researchers were struck by the diversity of immune patterns they discovered, and they say the findings highlight how varied the underlying drivers of Long COVID can be, even among patients with the ...

The Center for Artificial Intelligence Innovation (CAII) at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications received $1 million in funding from NASA to support the Euclid space mission, which explores dark matter and dark energy throughout the universe. By developing and integrating an open-sourced deep learning framework to process images captured by Euclid, CAII and Principal Investigator Xin Liu aim to accurately and efficiently identify blended galaxies or overlapping sources of information that make data analysis much more difficult. “A significant challenge ...

Urban rats spread a deadly bacteria as they migrate within cities that can be the source of a potentially life-threatening disease in humans, according to a six-year study by Tufts University researchers and their collaborators that also discovered a novel technique for testing rat kidneys.  Leptospirosis is a disease caused by a type of bacteria often found in rats. It’s spread through their urine into soil, water, or elsewhere in the environment, where it becomes a source of infection ...

New York, NY [May 5, 2025]—In a national first for a medical school, the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai is providing all medical and graduate students, along with select faculty and staff members, access to OpenAI’s ChatGPT Edu private and secure platform. The move reflects Mount Sinai’s commitment to pursuing innovative approaches to education and research through collaborative learning and scholarly inquiry. The launch follows a formal agreement between Mount Sinai and OpenAI that safeguards personal health, student, and other sensitive information while delivering secure, accessible, and advanced artificial intelligence (AI) ...

Over the last five years the use of highly personalized artificial intelligence chatbots — called companion chatbots — designed to act as friends, therapists or even romantic partners has skyrocketed to more than a billion users worldwide. While there may be psychological benefits to engaging with chatbots in this way, there have also been a growing number of reports that these relationships are taking a disturbing turn. Recent research from Drexel University, suggests that exposure to inappropriate behavior, and even sexual harassment, in interactions with chatbots is becoming a widespread problem and that lawmakers and AI companies must do more to address it. In ...

Researchers at the University of Tokyo developed a framework to enable decentralized artificial intelligence-based building automation with a focus on privacy. The system enables AI-powered devices like cameras and interfaces to cooperate directly, using a new form of device-to-device communication. In doing so, it eliminates the need for central servers and thus the need for centralized data retention, often seen as a potential security weak point and risk to private data. We live in an increasingly automated world. Cars, homes, factories ...