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Risk of a second cancer after early breast cancer is low

2025-08-27
For women diagnosed with early breast cancer, the long-term risk of developing a second primary cancer is low (around 2-3% greater than women in the general population), finds a study published by The BMJ today. The researchers say this information can help reassure many breast cancer survivors who believe their risk of a second primary cancer is much higher than these results suggest. Breast cancer survivors are at increased risk of developing second primary cancers, but risk estimates from previous studies are inconsistent. ...

Genetic key to why immune responses differ between men and women

2025-08-27
A new study has uncovered a key difference between the immune system of males and females - and it comes down to a single gene. It is known that biological sex affects the function of the immune system, with women often being more severely affected by autoimmune conditions or allergic diseases. Scientists from the University of York have now identified the gene Malat1 as a critical player in regulating immune responses in female immune cells, but not in males.  The team studied T cells, a pillar of our immune system, in the lab and animal models of inflammation. ...

Discovery could lead to new treatments for life-threatening allergic reactions

2025-08-27
Food allergies affect more than half a billion people worldwide. In severe cases, even a small bite of the wrong food can trigger anaphylaxis — a rapid, body-wide allergic reaction that can cause difficulty breathing, a dangerous drop in blood pressure and even death. Scientists have long understood how injected allergens — like those in lab tests or insect stings — trigger anaphylaxis. But researchers have puzzled over how anaphylaxis begins in the gut after eating a food allergen. Now, Arizona State University researchers, in collaboration with a team ...

CRF announces TCT 2025 late-breaking clinical trials and science

2025-08-27
NEW YORK – August 27, 2025 – The Cardiovascular Research Foundation® (CRF®) is excited to announce the late-breaking clinical trials and science set to be presented at TCT® 2025, the annual scientific symposium of CRF® and the world’s premier educational meeting specializing in interventional cardiovascular medicine. This year’s conference will take place October 25–28 at the Moscone Center in San Francisco, bringing together top experts, innovators, and clinicians from around the globe. For more ...

Ancient DNA reveals farming spread through migration, locals slow to adopt it

2025-08-27
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — Roughly 10,000 years ago, humans started shifting from being nomadic hunter-gatherers to building large agricultural settlements, marking one of the greatest transformations in human history. This transition, known as the Neolithic Revolution, began in the Fertile Crescent of the Middle East and led to the spread of farming throughout Europe. For decades, researchers have debated what drove this change. Did farming spread mainly because farmers themselves moved into new lands, ...

Researchers turn mouse scalp transparent to image brain development

2025-08-27
During childhood and adolescence, our brain goes through a lot of changes. But studying those changes in juvenile mice is challenging because scientists don’t have a way to repeatedly image the same animal’s neural pathways as they grow. Now, by simply rubbing a solution into a juvenile mouse’s scalp, researchers at Stanford can make the skin transparent to all visible light, allowing them to image the developing connections in a living mouse’s brain. And because the technique is reversible and non-invasive, the researchers can return to the same animal over days and weeks. The work, published Aug. ...

New research reveals longevity gains slowing, life expectancy of 100 unlikely

2025-08-27
MADISON, Wis. – A new study co-authored by a University of Wisconsin-Madison professor finds that life expectancy gains made by high-income countries in the first half of the 20th century have slowed significantly, and that none of the generations born after 1939 will reach 100 years of age on average. Published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the study by Héctor Pifarré i Arolas of the La Follette School of Public Affairs, José Andrade ...

Wheat that makes its own fertilizer

2025-08-27
Scientists at the University of California, Davis, have developed wheat plants that stimulate the production of their own fertilizer, opening the path toward less air and water pollution worldwide and lower costs for farmers. The technology was pioneered by a team led by Eduardo Blumwald, a distinguished professor in the Department of Plant Sciences. The team used the gene-editing tool CRIPSR to get wheat plants to produce more of one of their own naturally occurring chemicals. When the plant releases the excess chemical into the soil, the chemical helps certain bacteria in the soil convert nitrogen from the air into ...

Certain communities of pond plants may increase greenhouse gases

2025-08-27
CORNELL UNIVERSITY MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE FOR RELEASE: August 27, 2025   Kaitlyn Serrao 607-882-1140 kms465@cornell.edu   Certain communities of pond plants may increase greenhouse gases   ITHACA, N.Y. - The composition of aquatic plant communities in shallow freshwater bodies, including floating plants, submerged plants and phytoplankton, can have important effects on greenhouse gas production, transport and emissions, according to a new study by Cornell University researchers.   The findings could lead to aquatic plant management strategies that help mitigate the release of gases such as methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) ...

Hormone therapy type matters for memory performance after menopause

2025-08-27
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE UNTIL 4:00 P.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 27, 2025 Highlights: People who went through menopause earlier had lower scores on memory and thinking tests. Those who used transdermal estradiol had better test scores for episodic memory—like remembering past events—compared to those who never used hormone therapy. Those who took estradiol pills had better test scores for prospective memory—like remembering to meet for an appointment or take a medication—compared to those who never used hormone therapy. Hormone therapy did ...

Stroke risk highest among Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander people

2025-08-27
MINNEAPOLIS — A new study found that Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander people had the highest rate of stroke among people from other race and ethnic groups, with a rate more than three times higher than that of white people. The study is published on August 27, 2025, in Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. “Multiple studies have shown racial and ethnic disparities in the rate of stroke in the United States, but there is little information on the rate among Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander people, especially ...

Scientists reveal warped protoplanetary discs, reshaping ideas about how planets form

2025-08-27
The textbook picture of how planets form – serene, flat discs of cosmic dust – has just received a significant cosmic twist. New research, published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, is set to reshape this long-held view. An international team of scientists, wielding the formidable power of the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA), has found compelling evidence that many protoplanetary discs, the very birthplaces of planets, are in fact subtly warped.   These slight bends and twists in the disc plane, often just a few ...

Be it feast or famine, orangutans adapt with flexible diets

2025-08-27
Humans could learn a thing or two from orangutans when it comes to maintaining a balanced, protein-filled diet. Great apes native to the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia, orangutans are marvels of adaptation to the vagaries of food supply in the wild, according to an international team of researchers led by a Rutgers University-New Brunswick scientist. The critically endangered primates outshine modern humans in avoiding obesity through their balanced choices of food and exercise, the scientists found. The researchers reported their findings, based on 15 years of firsthand observations of wild orangutans ...

Insomnia patients report better sleep when taking cannabis-based medical products

2025-08-27
Insomnia patients taking cannabis-based medical products reported better quality sleep after up to 18 months of treatment, according to a study published August 27 in the open-access journal PLOS Mental Health by Arushika Aggarwal from Imperial College London, U.K., and colleagues. About one out of every three people has some trouble getting a good night’s rest, and 10 percent of adults meet the criteria for an insomnia disorder. But current treatments can be difficult to obtain, and the drugs approved for insomnia run the risk ...

Intrusive distracting thoughts may be associated with anxiety and linked to lower well-being, and occur more often when alone than in company

2025-08-27
Intrusive distracting thoughts may be associated with anxiety and linked to lower well-being, and occur more often when alone than in company, per experience of sampling survey of students.    Article URL: https://plos.io/4lBYjWu Article Title: Patterns of ongoing thought in the real world and their links to mental health and well-being Author Countries: Canada, England, United States Funding: This research was supported by (i) a National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) graduate fellowship (author: BM), (ii) an award from the Government of Canada’s New Frontiers in Research Fund (grant ID: NFRF-2021-00183, ...

New crocodile-relative “hypercarnivore” from prehistoric Patagonia was 11.5ft long and weighed 250kg

2025-08-27
A newly-discovered species of a large, crocodile-relative predator has been described via a remarkably well-preserved fossil from Argentina, according to a study published August 27, 2025, in the open-access journal PLOS One by Fernando Novas from Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Argentina, and colleagues. The Chorrillo Formation formed around 70 million years ago, during the Maastrichtian age at the very end of the Cretaceous period. At this time, southern Patagonia was a warm, seasonally humid landscape of freshwater floodplains, home to creatures like dinosaurs, turtles, frogs, and various mammals. The new fossil unearthed in this formation is ...

“Unhappiness hump” in aging may have disappeared worldwide

2025-08-27
A new survey-based study suggests that the “unhappiness hump”—a widely documented rise in worry, stress, and depression with age that peaks in midlife and then declines—may have disappeared, perhaps due to declining mental health among younger people. David Blanchflower of Dartmouth College, U.S., and colleagues present these findings in the open-access journal PLOS One on August 27, 2025. Since 2008, a U-shaped trend in wellbeing with age, in which wellbeing tends to decline from childhood until around age 50 before ...

Breathwork can induce altered states of consciousness linked with changes in brain blood flow

2025-08-27
Breathwork while listening to music may induce a blissful state in practitioners, accompanied by changes in blood flow to emotion-processing brain regions, according to a study published August 27, 2025, in the open-access journal PLOS One by Amy Amla Kartar from the Colasanti Lab in the Department of Clinical Neuroscience at Brighton and Sussex Medical School, U.K., and colleagues. These changes occur even while the body’s stress response may be activated and are associated with reporting reduced negative ...

New research makes first broad-spectrum antiviral

2025-08-27
NEW YORK, August 27, 2025 — Researchers at the Nanoscience Initiative at the Advanced Science Research Center at the CUNY Graduate Center (CUNY ASRC) have made a breakthrough in the fight against viral diseases. Their study, published in the journal Science Advances, offers a promising path toward the development of the world’s first broad-spectrum antiviral (BSA), which could be deployed against a wide range of deadly viruses, including future pandemic threats. Unlike bacterial infections, which doctors often begin immediately treating with broad-spectrum antibiotics while they work to determine the specific bacteria, viral infections ...

Good sleep quality might be key for better mental wellbeing in young adults

2025-08-27
A new study of young adults has strongly linked better sleep quality with better mental wellbeing, with fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity also strongly associated with psychological wellbeing. Perhaps surprisingly, the findings also suggest that boosting fruit and vegetable intake could potentially help mitigate the effects on wellbeing of a poor night’s sleep. Dr. Jack Cooper, previously from the University of Otago, New Zealand, and colleagues present these findings in the open-access journal PLOS One on August 27, 2025. Prior research ...

One step closer to improving ER+ breast cancer patients’ response to therapy

2025-08-27
A new study from researchers at Baylor College of Medicine brings hope for a more personalized approach to treat estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, the most common type of this cancer. The team identified a biomarker in preclinical ER+ breast cancer models that indicates that the tumor is more likely to respond to treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors. The findings support further clinical studies to determine whether this marker may help identify patients who could benefit from CDK4/6 inhibitors. The study appeared in Science Translational Medicine. ER+ breast ...

Scientists reveal the first structure of the complete botulinum neurotoxin complex

2025-08-27
Researchers at Stockholm University have succeeded in creating a molecular blueprint of how one of the world's most dangerous toxins, botulinum toxin, is structured, stabilised, delivered and released. The research, published in the scientific journal Science Advances, paves the way for more effective drugs. Botulinum toxin is the strongest poison known to man – a million times more toxic than that found in cobra venom. The toxin is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The toxin causes the serious illness botulism. However, the toxin also has many medical uses, for treating chronic migraine, ...

Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia researchers link dietary fats to more severe form of asthma

2025-08-27
Philadelphia, August 27, 2025 – Researchers at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) found that certain lipids, or fats, in obesity-causing foods also cause asthma-like lung inflammation. The findings suggest that in addition to modifying dietary choices, certain existing drugs could be repurposed to help treat this type of asthma. The findings were published online today by the journal Science Translational Medicine. The study was prompted by researchers noticing an association between childhood obesity and neutrophilic asthma, a non-allergic type of asthma triggered ...

Rising temperatures intensify "supercell thunderstorms" in Europe

2025-08-27
Supercell thunderstorms are among the most impactful weather events in Europe. They typically occur in summer and are characterized by a rotating updraft of warm, humid air that brings strong winds, large hail and heavy rain. The impact is significant and often leads to property damage, agricultural losses, traffic chaos and even threats to human safety. The collaboration between the Institute of Geography, the Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research and the Mobiliar Lab for Natural Risks at the University of Bern and the Institute for Atmospheric and Climate ...

New Hebrew SeniorLife affordable senior housing building achieves Phius Certification

2025-08-27
Hebrew SeniorLife, a Harvard Medical School–affiliated nonprofit organization dedicated to improving the lives of older adults, has announced that its 108 Centre Street affordable senior housing building, located on the Center Communities of Brookline campus, has officially received Phius Certification for its high-performance, energy-efficient design. The seven-story, all-electric multifamily building provides 54 affordable apartments for seniors and significantly advances sustainable, healthy housing for older adults in Greater Boston. “Achieving Phius Certification reinforces our commitment not only to affordability and community, but also to environmental responsibility ...
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