Background and objectives Atypical trigeminal neuralgia (ATN) is a chronic pain condition characterized by persistent facial pain that does not respond well to conventional medical treatments, often leading to significant impairment in quality of life. This study examined the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of microvascular decompression combined with nerve combing in patients with ATN. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of surgical techniques, clinical data, and treatment outcomes in 40 patients from January 2009 to January 2018. Pain levels ...

Many products in the modern world are in some way fabricated using computer numerical control (CNC) machines, which use computers to automate machine operations in manufacturing. While simple in concept, the ways to instruct these machines is in reality often complex. A team of researchers including those from the University of Tokyo devised a system to demonstrate how to mitigate some of this complexity. Draw2Cut allows users to draw desired designs directly onto material to be cut or milled. In this case, color-coded lines drawn with standard marker pens instruct the Draw2Cut system to mill designs into wood without any prior knowledge of CNC machines or ...

A rare cell type in the lungs is essential to survival from the COVID-19 virus, a new study shows. Experiments in mice infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus revealed that the immune cell class in question, called nerve and airway-associated interstitial macrophages, or NAMs, may keep the human immune system’s initial counterattack on the virus (lung inflammation) from spiraling out of control to endanger patients. Macrophages are known to be the first responders to infection, as large immune cells capable of devouring invading viruses and the cells they infect. Led by researchers at NYU Langone ...

About The Study: This economic evaluation estimates that expanded Medicare coverage for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) would increase access and reduce obesity-related comorbidities but impose substantial costs over 10 years. Even with a moderate scenario (5% uptake, 20% adherence, and 30% additional price discount), net spending was still projected to reach $8 billion over a decade, underscoring the need for further price reductions, lower-cost strategies to prevent weight regain, and reductions in spending ...

About The Study: The findings of these repeated cross-sectional surveys suggest that the difference in cigarette smoking prevalence between historically high vs low prevalence states will shrink by 2035, primarily from much faster declines among young adults in the traditionally highest prevalence states. Slower prevalence declines among older adults are likely to slow the decline in health consequences in these states. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, John P. Pierce, PhD, email jppierce@health.ucsd.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit ...

Researchers at University of California San Diego found that cigarette smoking continues to decline across the United States, largely driven by young adults. Their study, published in JAMA Network Open on April 25, 2025, reveals that the states with historically high smoking rates have seen the most dramatic declines. However, smoking cessation progress among adults over 50 has been much slower, which could prolong the public health burden of smoking-related diseases and death. “The rapid decline in smoking among young adults is clear evidence that the smoking epidemic will come to an end in our lifetime,” said Matthew ...

NFCR Congratulates Dr. Robert C. Bast, Jr. on Receiving the AACR-Daniel D. Von Hoff Award for Outstanding Contributions to Education and Training in Cancer Research Rockville, MD — The National Foundation for Cancer Research (NFCR) proudly congratulates Dr. Robert C. Bast, Jr., a pioneering cancer scientist, and NFCR-supported investigator from 2001 to 2018, on being named the 2025 recipient of the AACR-Daniel D. Von Hoff Award for Outstanding Contributions to Education and Training in Cancer Research. Presented by the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), ...

Understanding how cells differentiate during early embryonic development is crucial for advancing regenerative medicine and developmental biology. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have been invaluable tools in this field, as they can transform into various cell types in the body and play key roles during early embryonic development. Unfortunately, research on this topic in humans and other primates has long been hampered by ethical constraints and technical limitations. Of particular interest are naive-type PSCs, which represent an earlier developmental state than conventional (or ‘primed’) PSCs and possess enhanced differentiation potential. While human naive PSCs can differentiate ...

Researchers have developed a new therapy that can be injected intravenously right after a heart attack to promote healing and prevent heart failure.   The therapy both prompts the immune system to encourage tissue repair and promotes survival of heart muscle cells after a heart attack. Researchers tested the therapy in rats and showed that it is effective up to five weeks after injection.  The research team, led by bioengineers at the University of California San Diego and chemists at Northwestern University, published ...

FlexTech, an international academic journal (ISSN 2771-1706), jointly published by Tsinghua University Press and Wiley Publishing Group, has officially released its first issue. Supported by Tsinghua University’s State Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, the journal aims to serve as a global platform for scholars to advance cutting-edge research and engineering applications in flexible materials, devices, and systems, driving humanity toward an intelligent era.   Editor-in-Chief’s Vision: Bridging Humanity, Machines, and the Digital World In his inaugural editorial, Prof. Xue Feng from Tsinghua University, Editor-in-Chief ...

Studies by a growing number of labs have identified neurological health benefits from exposing human volunteers or animal models to light, sound and/or tactile stimulation at the brain’s “gamma” frequency rhythm of 40Hz. In the latest such research at The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Alana Down Syndrome Center at MIT, scientists found that 40Hz sensory stimulation improved cognition and circuit connectivity and encouraged the growth of new neurons in mice genetically engineered to model Down syndrome. Li-Huei Tsai, Picower Professor at MIT and senior author of the new study in PLOS ONE, said that the results are encouraging but also cautioned ...

Methyl eugenol (ME), a phenylpropanoid compound found in the essential oils of various aromatic plants, has recently garnered attention due to its significant antioxidant, anticancer, and neuroprotective properties. ME, commonly used in the fragrance and food industries, is also studied for its potential therapeutic effects, particularly in mitigating diseases associated with oxidative stress, such as Alzheimer’s disease, cancers, and ischemic brain injuries. However, despite its therapeutic promise, concerns ...

A research article published by the Shanghai University presented a novel microfluidic chip design with a 3-layer configuration that utilizes a polycarbonate (PC) porous membrane to separate the culture fluid channels from the tissue chambers, featuring flexibly designable multitissue chambers. PC porous membranes act as the capillary in the vertical direction, enabling precise hydrogel patterning and successfully constructing a microfluidic environment suitable for microvascular tissue growth. The new research paper, published on Feb. 28, 2025 in the journal Cyborg and Bionic Systems, presented a flexible and scalable chip that is highly suitable for culturing multiple ...

A new study found that a gene recently recognized as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease is actually a cause of it, due to its previously unknown secondary function. Researchers at the University of California San Diego used artificial intelligence to help both unravel this mystery of Alzheimer’s disease and discover a potential treatment that obstructs the gene’s moonlighting role. The research team published their results on April 23 in the journal Cell.  About one in nine people aged 65 ...

Coalition of Autism Scientists Critiques U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Autism Research Initiative Boston, MA, April 25, 2025 – The newly formed Coalition of Autism Scientists today issued a statement in response to remarks and actions taken by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) regarding the study of autism. Led by Helen Tager-Flusberg, Ph.D., Professor Emerita, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Director of the Center for Autism Research, Boston University, this growing group of experienced research scientists from ...

Historically, the vast majority of pharmaceutical drugs have been meticulously designed down to the atomic level. The specific location of each atom within the drug molecule is a critical factor in determining how well it works and how safe it is. In ibuprofen, for example, one molecule is effective as a pain reliever, but the mirror image of that same molecule is completely inactive. Now, Northwestern University and Mass General Brigham scientists argue that this precise structural control, which is applied to traditional medicines, should be harnessed to usher in a new class of potent nanomedicines that can ...

The 25th April is International DNA Day, and this year it marks the completion of a decade-long project to sequence the DNA of Hong Kong’s floral emblem, the Hong Kong Orchid Tree Bauhinia x blakeana Dunn. The study, published today in the Open Science journal GigaScience and led by scientists from Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), presents a complete, gapless sequence of the Bauhinia genome, spanning from one end of a chromosome to the other (from telomere-to-telomere or T2T). Featured on the Hong Kong flag and currency, this beautiful ornamental Bauhinia species - admired for its striking purplish orchid-like flowers - can be traced back to a chance discovery ...

New data published in The Journal of Immunology uncovered the role of Plasmodium falciparum infection (malaria) in the development of Burkitt lymphoma (BL), the most common childhood cancer in equatorial Africa and New Guinea. BL has been associated with P. falciparum malaria since 1958, but the underlying mechanism of how this led to cancer remained a mystery.    “Knowing that malaria has a direct role in increasing childhood cancer risk means that measures to reduce the burden of P. falciparum malaria in Africa could also reduce the ...

In 2023, EPFL researchers succeeded in sending and storing data using charge-free magnetic waves called spin waves, rather than traditional electron flows. The team from the Lab of Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Magnonics, led by Dirk Grundler, in the School of Engineering used radiofrequency signals to excite spin waves enough to reverse the magnetization state of tiny nanomagnets. When switched from 0 to 1, for example, this allows the nanomagnets to store digital information; a process used in computer memory, and more broadly ...

The ability to learn socially from one another is a defining feature of the human species. Social learning enables humans to gradually accumulate information across generations. And although we are able to build cities full of skyscrapers, send people into space, and collectively develop cures for diseases, most studies investigating social learning mechanisms focus on relatively simple, abstract tasks that bear little resemblance to real-world social learning environments. As a result, little is known about how humans dynamically integrate asocial and social information in realistic, real-world contexts. To investigate this, an international team of scientists from the Cluster ...

Imagine if reducing your caloric intake could make you younger? This is almost the case with stem cells. In a new study, researchers from the University of Copenhagen have successfully created stem cells that are better at developing into other cell types, like a younger, fitter version of themselves – by changing their diet. These stem cells are better than normal stem cells at creating specialized cells like liver, skin or nerve cells, which is a core trait of stem cells. “We show that by changing their diet, the stem cells can rejuvenate and turn into ‘super stem cells’. It forces them to metabolize their energy in a different way than they normally would, and ...

Psychologists from Durham University, UK, observed the behaviour of 90 sanctuary-living apes to establish whether bonobos were more likely than chimpanzees to comfort others in distress.  The study, led by Dr Jake Brooker, found that both species consoled their peers at similar rates, with the greatest variation actually occurring within each species.  This challenges long-held assumptions that bonobos are the more empathic ape and instead highlights the variation within each species.  It is the first time that the two species’ consolation tendencies have been directly compared.  The ...

COLUMBUS, Ohio – A new targeted drug treatment for small cell lung cancer, understanding how obesity drives endometrial cancer, and predicting early-stage melanoma spread are among the research topics being presented by scientists with The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James) at the American Association for Cancer Research® (AACR) Annual Meeting April 25-30 in Chicago. A focal point for the cancer research community, the ...

BETHESDA, MD. (April 25, 2025) — A 20-year initiative that offered flexible options for colorectal cancer screening at a major integrated health system doubled colorectal cancer screening rates, cut cancer incidence by a third, halved deaths, and brought racial differences in outcomes to nearly zero, according to a study to be presented at Digestive Disease Week® (DDW) 2025. “By offering an effective screening approach equally to everyone, we were able to eliminate much of the disparity,” said lead researcher Douglas Corley, MD, PhD, from the Kaiser Permanente ...

BETHESDA, MD. (April 25, 2025) — The umbilical cord may become a crystal ball of sorts, helping doctors predict the future of children at risk for long-term health problems, including diabetes, stroke, and liver disease. DNA changes found in cord blood could offer early clues about which infants are at higher risk — opening the door to earlier and potentially life-saving interventions, according to research to be presented at Digestive Disease Week® (DDW) 2025. “We’re seeing kids develop metabolic problems earlier and earlier, which puts them at higher risk for serious complications as adults,” said ...