“[…]in a population of adults with a smoking history, frailty and prefrailty are associated with increased respiratory exacerbations and increased risk of death.” BUFFALO, NY — August 14, 2025 — A new research paper was published in Volume 17, Issue 7, of Aging (Aging-US) on July 3, 2025, titled “Frailty associates with respiratory exacerbations and mortality in the COPDGene cohort.” In this study, led by first author Eleanor ...

WASHINGTON — Researchers have developed a high-speed 3D imaging microscope that can capture detailed cell dynamics of an entire small whole organism at once. The ability to image 3D changes in real time over a large field of view could lead to new insights in developmental biology and neuroscience. “Traditional microscopes are constrained by how quickly they can refocus or scan through different depths, which makes it difficult to capture fast, 3D biological processes without distortion ...

NRG Oncology (NRG), a National Cancer Institute (NCI) National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) group focused on improving outcomes for adult cancers, recently opened a new clinical trial “ARCHER” (NRG-GU015) to study a shorter duration of radiation therapy for patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. “A quarter of all bladder cancers in the United States are muscle-invasive bladder cancers. Currently, the standard of care treatment for this disease consists of either (1) bladder preservation with transurethral ...

In Associate Professor Jonathan Boreyko’s Nature-Inspired Fluids and Interfaces Lab, Ph.D. student Jack Tapocik watched a disc-shaped chunk of ice resting on an engineered metal surface. As the ice melted, the water formed a puddle beneath. Even after many seconds of melting, the ice disk remained adhered to the engineered surface. At first, Tapocik was tempted to conclude that nothing would happen, but he waited. His patience paid off. After a minute, the ice slingshot across the metal plate he designed, gliding along as if it was ...

SAN FRANCISCO, CA — Today, PLOS Biology announced a new agreement with the Research on Research Institute (RoRI) and the Association for Interdisciplinary Meta-Research and Open Science (AIMOS) to become a partner journal with MetaROR (MetaResearch Open Review), a recently launched platform designed to improve the dissemination and evaluation of meta-research. As part of the agreement, PLOS Biology will formally consider meta-research articles that are peer-reviewed on the MetaROR platform, collaborating with RoRI and AIMOS to improve the transparency of peer review in the field of meta-research. This agreement with MetaROR aligns with PLOS’ mission ...

The management of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a globally prevalent gastric pathogen, has long been centered on its eradication to prevent peptic ulcers, gastric malignancies, and related gastrointestinal complications. However, a newly published meta-analysis in eGastroenterology raises a crucial clinical dilemma: Could the treatment itself, intended to heal, paradoxically increase the risk of reflux oesophagitis (RE)? Led by Prof. Mingxin Zhang and colleagues from Xi'an Medical University and The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis ...

The University of California San Diego's Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute (ACTRI) has received a seven-year, $80 million Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), part of the National Institutes of Health. This prestigious award is the fourth consecutive CTSA awarded to the institute since it was established in 2008 and represents one of the largest federal research grants at the university. "This award underscores the national significance of ACTRI’s work ...

Dr. Ji-Hyung Han’s research team from the Convergence Research Center of Sector Coupling & Integration at the Korea Institute of Energy Research (President Yi, Chang-Keun, hereinafter “KIER”) has developed a high-performance carbon cloth-based electrode that maintains stable performance even under high current conditions. The newly developed electrode is the first seawater electrolysis electrode using a carbon cloth support that has demonstrated successful continuous operation for over 800 hours under high current conditions, highlighting its potential for commercialization. Water electrolysis is an ...

Traditional fossil fuels have low combustion efficiency and serious pollution, and the development of new energy conversion technologies such as wind energy and solar energy is limited by environmental conditions. As an efficient energy conversion device that directly converts chemical energy in fuel into electricity, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have attracted much attention due to their high efficiency, low emissions and strong fuel adaptability.     Although hydrogen is an ideal fuel for SOFC, its high storage and transportation  limit its large-scale application. Due ...

A recent study from researchers at University of California San Diego is the first detailed assessment of companies offering school-based online surveillance services such as social media monitoring, student communications monitoring and online activity monitoring to middle and high schools. Schools pay for the services directly or may request federal grant funding to cover the costs.  Originally intended to support students’ mental health and prevent adverse school events, such as school shootings, ...

Determining whether a cancerous tumor originated in a given location or spread there from another tissue or organ in the body is important when assessing the likely course of a patient’s disease. When the origin of the primary tumor cannot be identified, it can be challenging to properly diagnose the malignancy and determine the best treatment strategy. Now, researchers at University of California San Diego have identified a microbial DNA signature in blood plasma that reliably differentiates primary liver cancer from colorectal cancer that has spread to the liver (metastatic colorectal cancer). “The use of microbial DNA signatures could open up a new diagnostic pathway, ...

PULLMAN, Wash. –Researchers have long been able to use information from smartwatches to identify physical movement, such as sitting or walking, that wearers are performing in a controlled lab setting. Now, Washington State University researchers have developed a way, using a computer algorithm and a large dataset gathered from smartwatches, to more comprehensively identify what people are doing in everyday settings, such as working, eating, doing hobbies or running errands. The work, published in the IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, could someday lead ...

Los Angeles, CA – August 14, 2025 – The Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation announces a significant advancement in addressing the fight against cancer-associated cachexia (CAC), a life-threatening syndrome responsible for over one-third of cancer-related deaths. Published in Cell, the study led by Dr. Aliesha O’Raw, Principal Investigator at the Institute, demonstrates that modulating the vagus nerve can effectively halt the progression of cachexia, enhance chemotherapy outcomes, and improve survival in preclinical models. The study, titled “Vagal Blockade of the Brain-Liver Axis Deters Cancer-Associated Cachexia,” ...

AI is detecting tumors more often and earlier in the Dutch breast cancer screening program. Those tumors can then be treated at an earlier stage. This has been demonstrated by researchers led by Radboud university medical center in a study published in The Lancet Digital Health. The use of AI could reduce workload and save millions of euros annually. Previous research in Sweden had already shown that AI detects breast cancer on mammograms more frequently than radiologists. Moreover, AI can reduce the workload for radiologists. Now, it appears that AI can also replace the second radiologist in the Dutch breast cancer screening program. This ...

High levels of triglycerides, the most common type of fat in the body and the foods we eat, directly cause abdominal aortic aneurysms, according to a study in mouse models led by Michigan Medicine. Researchers identified triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and proteins that regulate triglyceride metabolism, including APOC3 and ANGPTL3, as causal drivers of abdominal aortic aneurysm. The study challenges the longstanding belief that triglycerides are merely biomarkers of vascular disease and instead demonstrates that they play a direct and pathogenic role in aneurysm development, ...

A procedure performed under mild sedation in less than two hours by an interventional radiologist relieves chronic knee pain caused by osteoarthritis, an NYU Langone Health study shows. As they gradually break down, knee joints in people with osteoarthritis are known to become inflamed, which triggers the growth of small blood vessels (angiogenesis) and increased blood flow to joints. The study procedure, called genicular artery embolization, kept this abnormal blood flow from ferrying in immune cells that cause the inflammation and related pain.  For the new study, the researchers delivered chemical beads (biocompatible hydrogels) ...

The Mediterranean Sea is particularly susceptible to marine heatwaves – such as the record breaking 2022 heatwave which was characterized by anomalously high sea surface temperatures – due to the interplay of air-sea heat fluxes and local oceanographic processes, leading to significant impacts on marine ecosystems and coastal communities.  A new study, led by CMCC, brings the scientific community one step closer to identifying the driving forces behind these events. Analyzing over hundreds of marine heatwave events identified through advanced satellite data and clustering analysis, the study shows that persistent ...

ITHACA, N.Y. – Cornell University researchers have developed a low-power microchip they call a “microwave brain,” the first processor to compute on both ultrafast data signals and wireless communication signals by harnessing the physics of microwaves. Detailed August 11 in the journal Nature Electronics, the processor is the first, true microwave neural network and is fully integrated on a silicon microchip. It performs real-time frequency domain computation for tasks like radio signal decoding, radar target tracking and digital data processing, ...

Adolescents who undergo bariatric surgery face a higher risk of weight regain, which can undermine treatment success and long-term health, if they have elevated blood levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) prior to the procedure, according to new USC research. PFAS are manufactured chemicals used in consumer products that accumulate in the body over time and are increasingly linked to a range of health concerns, including kidney problems, liver damage and various ...

North American river otters have lived for a long time in Chesapeake Bay, yet relatively little is known about how their surroundings impact them. So what does daily life for river otters on the Atlantic coast of the US look like? What do they eat? Where do they socialize? Where do they go to poo? Researchers in Maryland decided to investigate and have now published their findings in Frontiers in Mammal Science. “River otters in the Chesapeake Bay eat a wide range of animals, including those that live in the water and on land. Parasites, ...

North American river otters have terrible hygiene when it comes to their food. They eat, play and defecate in the same place. But their unhealthy habits make them ideal for detecting future health threats in the environment, according to scientists. In a new study published Aug. 14, Smithsonian scientists analyzed the otters’ diets and “latrine” habitats in the Chesapeake Bay for the first time. They discovered river otters often eat food riddled with parasites—and that may not be a bad thing for the larger ecosystem. “River otters are impressive apex predators that play a vital role in ecosystems,” ...

Imagine a single piece of material that can change its shape, stiffness, and function—on demand—like a Swiss Army knife made of plastic. That's what researchers at the Harbin Institute of Technology have created with their new 4D-printed "smart" metamaterials, capable of reprogramming themselves for different tasks without any extra tools or infrastructure. Reported in in the International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, these multi-material, multi-responsive, multi-shape shape memory polymer (SMP) gradient metamaterials ...

Kyoto, Japan -- For many endangered species, population decline to the brink of extinction leads to inbreeding, exposing a species to deleterious recessive mutations that severely limit its potential to recover. But the red-headed wood pigeon, endemic to the Ogasawara Islands in Japan, followed a different trajectory. Although this pigeon population fell to below 80 individuals in the 2000s, it began to increase markedly after the removal of an introduced predator, the feral cat. Such a remarkable recovery raised questions regarding inbreeding, and why harmful mutations that could cause inbreeding depression, ...

Unlocking the power within: Recycling lithium batteries for a sustainable future    Increased demand for electric vehicles, portable electronics, and renewable energy storage has resulted in lithium becoming a truly critical mineral. As the world races toward a clean energy future, the recycling of lithium batteries has become crucial.   New research from Edith Cowan University (ECU) has highlighted that tapping into used batteries as a secondary source of lithium not only helps reduce environmental impact ...

Many New Zealand GPs have taken up the use of AI scribes to transcribe patient notes during consultations despite ongoing challenges with their legal and ethical oversight, data security, patient consent, and the impact on the doctor-patient relationship, a study led by the University of Otago, Wellington – Ōtākou Whakaihu Waka, Pōneke has found. The researchers surveyed 197 health providers working in primary care in February and March of 2024, providing a snapshot in time of the use of AI-scribes in clinical practice. Most of the respondents were GPs but others included nurses, nurse practitioners, rural emergency ...