PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

CIDEC as a novel player in abdominal aortic aneurysm formation

CIDEC as a novel player in abdominal aortic aneurysm formation
2024-11-08
(Press-News.org)

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a degenerative lesion characterized by structural disruption of the abdominal aortic wall and progressive dilatation into a pulsatile mass. AAA is strongly associated with obesity, partly due to abnormal dilatation of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in the abdomen, however, direct evidence is still lacking.

 

Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-like effector C (CIDEC), also known as fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27) in rodents, is a lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein that plays an important role in lipid storage. It has been reported that CIDEC/FSP27 promotes the growth of LDs by mediating the exchange and transfer of lipids at the contact sites of LDs. A recent study showed that FSP27-deficient mice were resistant to obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) or leptin deficiency (ob/ob). Considering the physiological and pathological roles, it is intriguing to investigate whether or not CIDEC/FSP27 is involved in PVAT dysfunction and the AAA pathogenesis.

 

Recently, a study published in Life Metabolism titled "CIDEC/FSP27 exacerbates obesity-related abdominal aortic aneurysm by promoting perivascular adipose tissue inflammation" reports that CIDEC/FSP27 enhances PVAT inflammation and macrophage infiltration, thereby exacerbating the formation of AAA induced by HFD and angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ).

 

The investigators first found that FSP27 deficiency attenuated HFD-induced pathological dilation and inflammation of the PVAT in mice. They further found that CIDEC/FSP27 deficiency prevented both HFD and Ang Ⅱ-induced AAA formation. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant differences between Fsp27fl/fl and adipocyte tissue-specific Fsp27 knockout mice (Fsp27AKO). In particular, matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) levels and macrophage infiltration were significantly reduced in the aorta of Fsp27AKO mice. Based on these results, the investigators hypothesized that the decreased macrophage accumulation in the aorta may be due to a reduction in chemokine secretion by perivascular adipocytes. FSP27 was shown to promote adipocyte expression and secretion of the chemokine CCL2 (C–C motif chemokine ligand 2), which increases macrophage migration through the CCL2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) axis (Figure 1).

 

In conclusion, this study demonstrates that global or adipose tissue-specific knockout of CIDEC/FSP27 significantly reduces AAA incidence after HFD treatment and Ang Ⅱ infusion, providing novel insights into the inflammatory mechanisms of PVAT during AAA progression and highlighting the potential of CIDEC/FSP27 as a therapeutic target for obesity-related AAA.

END


[Attachments] See images for this press release:
CIDEC as a novel player in abdominal aortic aneurysm formation

ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Artificial intelligence: a double-edged sword for the environment?

Artificial intelligence: a double-edged sword for the environment?
2024-11-08
As artificial intelligence (AI) technology progresses, the energy demands of training complex models have surged, raising widespread concerns about associated carbon emissions. This rapid growth is fueled by global demand across industries and academia, leading to exponential increases in computing power that carry significant environmental consequences. Given these challenges, in-depth research is essential to fully understand AI's carbon footprint and develop strategies for mitigating its environmental impact. In a view (DOI: 10.1007/s11783-024-1918-y) by ...

Current test accommodations for students with blindness do not fully address their needs

2024-11-08
Tsukuba, Japan—Students often appear for high-stakes tests that hold significant weight in determining their futures. One such examination, the Common Test for University Admissions, currently allows examinees using braille an extended examination time of 1.5 times the standard duration. However, with the recent increase in complex questions and questions involving charts and diagrams in such tests, it is necessary to review whether the current accommodations remain adequate. The researchers assessed the validity of the current time extension for examination questions containing complex tables by measuring the time required to read the text and complex tables. The results showed that ...

Wide-incident-angle wideband radio-wave absorbers boost 5G and beyond 5G applications

Wide-incident-angle wideband radio-wave absorbers boost 5G and beyond 5G applications
2024-11-08
5G wireless communication services have rapidly expanded worldwide, leveraging millimeter-wave (mmW) frequencies in the 24 GHz to 71 GHz range (referred to as frequency range 2, or FR2). Looking ahead, Beyond 5G and 6G services, projected to offer ultra-fast connectivity exceeding 100 Gbit/s, are expected to be introduced in the 2030s. Frequencies in the 150-GHz to 300-GHz range are being considered as potential candidates for these future networks. However, critical components such as radio-wave absorbers, essential for packaging and modularization, still need to be developed. These absorbers play a key role in reducing ...

A graph transformer with boundary-aware attention for semantic segmentation

A graph transformer with boundary-aware attention for semantic segmentation
2024-11-08
The transformer-based semantic segmentation approaches, which divide the image into different regions by sliding windows and model the relation inside each window, have achieved outstanding success. However, since the relation modeling between windows was not the primary emphasis of previous work, it was not fully utilized. To solve the problems, a research team led by Zizhang Wu published their new research on 15 October 2024 in Frontiers of Computer Science co-published by Higher Education Press and Springer ...

C-Path announces key leadership appointments in neurodegenerative disease research

2024-11-08
TUCSON, Ariz., November 7, 2024 — Critical Path Institute® (C-Path) today announced key leadership appointments: Diane Stephenson, Ph.D., has been promoted to Vice President of Neurology, and Nadine Tatton, Ph.D., has been welcomed as the new Executive Director of C-Path’s Critical Path for Alzheimer’s Disease (CPAD) Consortium. With over 30 years of specialized research in neuroscience and drug development and having served as the Executive Director of the Critical Path for Parkinson’s Consortium (CPP) for nearly 15 years, Dr. Stephenson has been an extraordinary partner in advancing our understanding ...

First-of-its-kind analysis of U.S. national data reveals significant disparities in individual well-being as measured by lifespan, education, and income

2024-11-08
First-of-its-kind analysis of US national data reveals significant disparities in individual well-being as measured by lifespan, education, and income.  White males make up largest share of the group with lowest well-being while American Indian and Alaska Native individuals, and Black males, face the most significant challenges to overall well-being.   Populations at the lowest levels of well-being across the US are especially concentrated in the Deep South, Appalachia, and the Rust Belt.  The ...

Exercise programs help cut new mums’ ‘baby blues’ severity and major depression risk

2024-11-08
Exercise-only programmes help cut the severity of the ‘baby blues’ and the risk of major clinical depression in new mums, finds a pooled data analysis of the available evidence, published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. But at least 80 weekly minutes of moderate intensity exercise, such as brisk walking, water aerobics, stationary cycling, and resistance training with bands, weights, or body weight are needed to achieve the effects, the findings show. Maternal depression and anxiety are relatively common after giving birth and associated with reduced self-care and compromised infant caregiving and bonding, ...

Gut microbiome changes linked to onset of clinically evident rheumatoid arthritis

2024-11-08
Changes in the make-up of the gut microbiome are linked to the onset of clinically evident rheumatoid arthritis in those at risk of the disease because of genetic, environmental, or immunological factors, suggests research published online in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.   It’s not clear if this instability is a cause or consequence of disease development, emphasise the researchers, but the findings might nevertheless help to identify those at risk as well as paving the way for preventive and personalised treatment strategies, they suggest. Previously published research consistently shows an unfavourable imbalance in ...

Signals from the gut could transform rheumatoid arthritis treatment

2024-11-08
Changes in the gut microbiome before rheumatoid arthritis is developed could provide a window of opportunity for preventative treatments, new research suggests. Bacteria associated with inflammation is found in the gut in higher amounts roughly ten months before patients develop clinical rheumatoid arthritis, a longitudinal study by Leeds researchers has found.  Affecting more than half a million people in the UK, rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease that causes swelling, pain and stiffness in the ...

Pioneering research reveals some of the world’s least polluting populations are at much greater risk of flooding fuelled by climate change

Pioneering research reveals some of the world’s least polluting populations are at much greater risk of flooding fuelled by climate change
2024-11-08
A new study has exposed for the first time how inhabitants of the smallest countries globally, contributing least to climate change, already bear the brunt of its devastating consequences and the burden is likely to worsen. The research, led by the University of Bristol, showed on average nearly one in five people (20%) in Small Island Developing States (SIDS) – totalling some 8.5million – are now exposed to coastal and inland flooding. For three of the 57 countries concentrated in the Pacific, Caribbean, Indian Ocean, ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Reality check: making indoor smartphone-based augmented reality work

Overthinking what you said? It’s your ‘lizard brain’ talking to newer, advanced parts of your brain

Black men — including transit workers — are targets for aggression on public transportation, study shows

Troubling spike in severe pregnancy-related complications for all ages in Illinois

Alcohol use identified by UTHealth Houston researchers as most common predictor of escalated cannabis vaping among youths in Texas

Need a landing pad for helicopter parenting? Frame tasks as learning

New MUSC Hollings Cancer Center research shows how Golgi stress affects T-cells' tumor-fighting ability

#16to365: New resources for year-round activism to end gender-based violence and strengthen bodily autonomy for all

Earliest fish-trapping facility in Central America discovered in Maya lowlands

São Paulo to host School on Disordered Systems

New insights into sleep uncover key mechanisms related to cognitive function

USC announces strategic collaboration with Autobahn Labs to accelerate drug discovery

Detroit health professionals urge the community to act and address the dangers of antimicrobial resistance

3D-printing advance mitigates three defects simultaneously for failure-free metal parts 

Ancient hot water on Mars points to habitable past: Curtin study

In Patagonia, more snow could protect glaciers from melt — but only if we curb greenhouse gas emissions soon

Simplicity is key to understanding and achieving goals

Caste differentiation in ants

Nutrition that aligns with guidelines during pregnancy may be associated with better infant growth outcomes, NIH study finds

New technology points to unexpected uses for snoRNA

Racial and ethnic variation in survival in early-onset colorectal cancer

Disparities by race and urbanicity in online health care facility reviews

Exploring factors affecting workers' acquisition of exercise habits using machine learning approaches

Nano-patterned copper oxide sensor for ultra-low hydrogen detection

Maintaining bridge safer; Digital sensing-based monitoring system

A novel approach for the composition design of high-entropy fluorite oxides with low thermal conductivity

A groundbreaking new approach to treating chronic abdominal pain

ECOG-ACRIN appoints seven researchers to scientific committee leadership positions

New model of neuronal circuit provides insight on eye movement

Cooking up a breakthrough: Penn engineers refine lipid nanoparticles for better mRNA therapies

[Press-News.org] CIDEC as a novel player in abdominal aortic aneurysm formation