Researchers have proposed an metasurface-integrated quantum analog computing system. This system ingeniously combines multi-channel metasurfaces with quantum entanglement sources, enabling quantitative phase reconstruction with high signal-to-noise ratio at low signal photon levels. Traditional phase reconstruction often involves complex operation steps, while this technology effectively simplifies the complexity of traditional phase reconstruction. It shows application potential in multiple important fields. For example, in the field of optical chips, it helps improve the performance ...

Ozone pollution is a global environmental concern that not only threatens human health and crop production, but also worsens global warming. While the formation of ozone is often attributed to anthropogenic pollutants, soil emissions are revealed to be another important source. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) researchers have examined global soil nitrous acid (HONO) emissions data from 1980 to 2016 and incorporated them in a chemistry-climate model to unveil the pivotal role soil HONO emissions play in the increase of the ozone mixing ratio in air and its negative impact on vegetation. Soil ...

To achieve the European Green Deal’s goal of 25% organic agriculture by 2030, researchers argue that new genomic techniques (NGTs) should be allowed without pre-market authorization in organic as well as conventional food production. NGTs—also known as gene editing-—are classified under the umbrella of GMOs, but they involve more subtle genetic tweaks. In an opinion paper publishing May 30 in the Cell Press journal Cell Reports Sustainability, the researchers describe how NGTs could enable rapid development of crops that are climate resilient, produce higher yields, and require less fertilizers and pesticides.  “This ...

Heart attacks are the leading cause of death globally, yet some statistics from many different countries suggest these events declined in frequency since the COVID-19 pandemic. Mass General Brigham researchers evaluated whether these cardiac trends reflect a true change in event rates, or if they reflect that more people are dying at home rather than in hospitals. Their findings highlight potential shortcomings of cardiac care during and in the years following the height of the pandemic, suggesting ...

About The Study: This cost-effectiveness analysis found that cessation of public water fluoridation would increase tooth decay and health system costs in the U.S. Despite concerns regarding toxic effects associated with high levels of fluoride, this model demonstrates the substantial ongoing benefits of water fluoridation at safe levels currently recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the National Toxicity Program, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Lisa Simon, MD, DMD, email lsimon@bwh.harvard.edu. To ...

About The Study: In this cohort study of middle-aged and older adults across 4 countries, both higher maternal and paternal education were generally associated with slower cognitive decline, and these associations were mediated by participants’ own education. These findings highlight the long-term relevance of parental education for offspring cognitive health across diverse cultural or socioeconomic contexts, and support the potential benefits of improving educational attainment to reduce intergenerational disparities in late-life cognitive health. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, ...

About The Study: In this national survey of internal medicine physicians, experiencing sacred moments —meaningful, memorable, and sometimes spiritual moments of connection— is common; discussing them with colleagues is not. These findings suggest that frequently experiencing sacred moments and discussing them with colleagues could bolster physician well-being. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jessica Ameling, MPH, email jameling@med.umich.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this ...

Researchers at the Ragon Institute have made a significant discovery about how antibodies can directly enhance the body’s ability to fight Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis (TB). Despite decades of research, TB remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases worldwide, with about 10 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths annually. Currently, there is no highly effective vaccine, highlighting the urgent need for new insights and treatments. In a study published today in Immunity, Ragon faculty member Galit ...

Dense, spindly mangrove forests line the coast of tropical regions, buffering coastal flooding and providing a valuable sink for carbon, but there is concern that more intense and frequent storms due to climate change could have prolonged impacts on these ecosystems. A new study by Yale School of Environment scientists, however, suggests that these systems may be more resilient than expected. The team calculated the “recovery debt” of mangroves in Everglades National Park after hurricanes Wilma and Irma, showing that all the carbon lost during the storms was recovered within four years. (Wilma hit South Florida in 2005 and Irma hit ...

Prevailing theories about why young people experience psychotic breaks at a young age rely on individual factors like exposure to child abuse, school bullying, or drugs. But a new study from the NYU Silver School of Social Work suggests that broader social factors, such as racial inequality and experience with police violence, might contribute to the proportionately higher rates of psychosis seen among low-income young adults of color. The study, “Social Defeat and Psychosis in the United States,” ...

New research has found that men who carry a common genetic variant are twice as likely to develop dementia in their lifetime compared to women. The research, published in Neurology, used data from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial to investigate whether people who had variants in the haemochromatosis (HFE) gene, which is critical for regulating iron levels in the body, might be at increased risk of dementia. Co-author Professor John Olynyk, from the Curtin Medical School, said one in three people carry one ...

Four leading organizations in lifestyle medicine, obesity medicine, and nutrition—the American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM), the American Society for Nutrition (ASN), the Obesity Medicine Association (OMA), and The Obesity Society (TOS)—have jointly released a clinical advisory titled “Nutritional Priorities to Support GLP-1 Therapy for Obesity.” Published across four peer-reviewed journals, this consensus-based guidance reflects an interdisciplinary collaboration to help clinicians support patients receiving GLP-1 receptor agonists for obesity care with evidence-based nutritional and behavioral strategies.   GLP-1 ...

In patients with diabetic foot ulcers that looked healed and met the current definition of a closed wound, closed ulcers with functionally defective skin that lost more body water were likely to re-open, according to a new National Institutes of Health (NIH) Diabetic Foot Consortium study, led by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh and published today in Diabetes Care. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) currently defines a closed wound as one where the surface is completely covered by new skin and ...

OAK BROOK, Ill. – Researchers have discovered that, compared to breast cancer that is symptom-detected, patients with breast cancer detected via routine screening mammography are more likely to have improved clinical outcomes, according to a study published today in Radiology: Imaging Cancer, a journal of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). While it is commonly understood that early detection of breast cancer results in better patient outcomes, national cancer registries in the U.S. and Canada don’t track the method ...

The number of people living with a history of cancer in the United States is estimated at 18.6 million as of January 1, 2025 and projected to exceed 22 million by 2035, according to a new report, Cancer Treatment and Survivorship Statistics, 2025, led by the American Cancer Society (ACS). The study also found notable disparities in treatment for many common cancers, including lung and colorectal. The findings are published today in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, alongside its consumer-friendly companion, Fast Facts: Cancer Treatment and Survivorship, available on cancer.org. “Behind every survivor of ...

A new type of immunotherapy that targets aggressive blood cancers shows promising results alongside manageable side effects, according to the results of an international phase 1/2 clinical trial led by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The clinical trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of an innovative CAR-T cell immunotherapy that is specifically designed to attack cancerous T cells. Participants in the trial had been diagnosed with rare cancers — T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia or T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma — and had run out of treatment options after standard therapy proved ineffective for them. With the new immunotherapy, most of ...

A research team funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has identified a diagnostic aid that has the potential to accurately predict the recurrence of diabetic foot ulcers that appear to be fully healed. By measuring the skin’s barrier function through a process known as trans-epidermal water loss, or TEWL, scientists were able to determine which wounds were more likely to reopen. TEWL measurements are a major factor in burn care, where deep layers of the skin are often damaged. The findings suggest that full restoration of skin ...

Complaint lines such as New York City’s 311 let people report quality-of-life problems in their building or neighborhood, from excessive noise to illegal parking. But resident-generated data typically suffer from reporting bias, with some neighborhoods and addresses calling attention to problems at lower rates than others. A team of New York University researchers has developed an automated modeling tool to help the New York City government estimate 311 under-reporting by building, neighborhood, and subpopulation. In a new study, published today [May 30] in Annals of Applied Statistics, the researchers describe a method that, using machine learning, can estimate the potential ...

May 30, 2025 — A proposed classification system appears highly accurate in evaluating nasal deformities in infants with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP), reports a study in the May/June issue of The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer. "This new tool offers a reliable and practice tool for categorizing the severity of nasal deformities in CLP patients," comments lead author Martha Mejia, DDS, of Nicklaus Children's Health System, Miami. "With ongoing evaluation, it may promote more consistent diagnosis, individualized treatment planning, and standardized approaches ...

Background and objectives This study investigates upper gastrointestinal tract (UGIT) involvement in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), a condition traditionally considered limited to the colon. Although extra-colonic manifestations of UC are well recognized, UGIT issues have received less attention. This research aimed to document the clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological UGIT findings in adults with UC and assess their association with disease severity and extent. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Ain Shams University over one year. A total of 78 UC patients underwent comprehensive clinical evaluations, including assessments ...

  Approximately 8 to 12% of patients with colorectal cancer have BRAF mutations  Treatment with the triplet combination of drugs – encorafenib, cetuximab and chemotherapy – helped patients live longer and kept cancer from progressing   The Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval for this new combination in Dec. 2024   Median overall survival was 30.3 months with the triplet therapy, compared to 15.1 months with standard treatment  ABSTRACT: ...

Once organizations achieve their profitability and market performance targets, they often focus on additional goals. However, these goals do not always align and can sometimes conflict. For example, prioritizing shareholder returns may come at the expense of investments in social causes. This raises a critical question: How do companies decide where to allocate their surplus resources and which goals to prioritize? A study published online in the Journal of Business Ethics on May 9, 2025, examines this question by turning the spotlight on the boardroom. A research team consisting of Professor Toru Yoshikawa from the School of Social Sciences, Waseda University, ...

Autism spectrum disorders are associated with difficulties in social communication, long attributed to individual socio-cognitive deficits. As a consequence of this perspective, stigma and pressure to conform to neurotypical social norms often lead to mental health challenges among autistic individuals. Emerging theories suggest that communication difficulties may rather arise from mismatches in perspectives between autistic and non-autistic partners. Addressing this mismatch collaboratively could transform the understanding of autism and improve communication outcomes. Social behavior also varies significantly across cultures. ...

Resistance to disease should mean a longer life, but researchers have found that a mutant protein that helps a plant fight mildew might make it age sooner. The Osaka Metropolitan University research team of Graduate School of Agriculture student Tomoko Matsumoto and Professor Noriko Inada and Graduate School of Science Professor Koichi Kobayashi discovered that thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants with the mutant Actin Depolymerizing Factor protein turn yellow sooner over time and in dark conditions compared to wild-type thale cress. “ADFs are involved not only in leaf aging ...

AURORA, Colo. (May 30, 2024) –  Children exposed to gestational diabetes in utero with a specific variation of a common gene are at a higher risk of becoming overweight or obese during childhood, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus. The study was published today in the journal Diabetes Care. Scientists have long known that exposure to gestational diabetes is a strong predictor for both childhood obesity and diabetes. “But it’s not infallible,” said the study’s lead author Kylie Harrall, ...