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Science29 Apr 2025

NIH’s initiative to prioritize human-based research a ‘big win for animals,’ says doctors group

WASHINGTON, D.C.—The nonprofit Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, which promotes the use of human-based research to improve health and replace animal use, enthusiastically supports the U.S. National Institutes of Health’s landmark commitment to prioritize innovative, human-based methods, like organoids, tissue chips, computational models, and real-world data analyses, while reducing animal use. “NIH Director Jay Bhattacharya’s historic announcement that the NIH will prioritize human-based science is ...

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Science29 Apr 2025

Nearly one-quarter of e-Scooter injuries involved substance impaired riders

FINDINGS Analyzing data from the 2016-2021 National Inpatient Sample, UCLA researchers found that 25% of 7350 patients hospitalized for scooter-related injuries were using substances such as alcohol, opioids, marijuana and cocaine when injured. Published in The American Surgeon, the study also notes that overall scooter-related hospitalizations during the 5-year period jumped more than eight-fold, from 330 to 2705. In addition, the risk of traumatic brain injuries among the substance use group was almost double that of the non-impaired patients. ...

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Science29 Apr 2025

Age, previous sports experience, stronger predictors of performance in children than previous concussions, York U study finds

April 29, 2024, TORONTO – A new study from York University’s Faculty of Health may offer reassuring news for parents whose children have a history of concussion, but want to get back to playing sports. Researchers from York University’s Faculty of Health spent more than a decade scouting fields, rinks and courts across the Greater Toronto Area for participants with a history of concussion and tested their performance on complex eye-hand coordination tasks, finding that age and previous sports experience were larger factors in cognitive-motor integration than a history of multiple concussions. “In previous work, we've already shown that kids ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

Dogs with meningiomas live longer with radiation therapy than surgery, Texas A&M researchers find

Researchers at the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (VMBS) have discovered that dogs with meningiomas — the most common type of brain tumor in dogs — live longer if they receive radiation therapy rather than surgery. With collaborators at clinics in the United States, United Kingdom and Japan, the researchers compared the treatment records of 285 pet dogs with meningiomas and found that the average post-treatment survival rate for radiation therapy ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

Pregnancy-related proteins in tumors linked to worse survival in female lung cancer patients

Lung cancer can co-opt genes that normally help a fetus develop and evade the mother’s immune system. And while these pregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PSGs) can get activated in the cancers of both men and women, female patients had poorer outcomes, a Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) research team has found. The analysis suggests targeting these genes might improve survival in female patients with lung cancer, according to findings presented at this year’s American Associate for Cancer Research Annual Meeting. Genes That Protect Fetuses… and Cancer? During pregnancy, the placenta ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

New study highlights success of financial toxicity tumor board in reducing cancer treatment costs

CHARLOTTE, N.C. – April 29, 2025 – Financial toxicity, the financial distress linked to cancer treatment, significantly impacts patient outcomes. To combat this, the Atrium Health Levine Cancer Institute established a Financial Toxicity Tumor Board in 2019. The board is the first known institutional-level intervention of its kind, functioning like a traditional disease-focused multidisciplinary tumor board, but with a singular focus on financial distress. It includes participants from all areas of the cancer center ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

CAD/CAM shows clinical benefits in jaw reconstruction, reports Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

April 29, 2025 — For patients undergoing jaw reconstruction after surgery for head and neck cancer, computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques can improve some key clinical outcomes, reports a study in the May issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery®, the official medical journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer. "Our experience suggests that CAD/CAM techniques offer several benefits in patients undergoing free fibula ...

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Environment29 Apr 2025

Missed school is an overlooked consequence of climate change

In brief: · Exposure to tropical cyclones during early childhood significantly reduces school enrollment. · The effect is greater in areas unaccustomed to frequent storms. · Girls shoulder an uneven share of the burden. · Possible solutions include increased investment in disaster preparedness, resilient infrastructure, and community-based adaptation programs. New Stanford-led research sheds light on an overlooked climate consequence: the impact of tropical cyclones on schooling opportunities and education in low- and ...

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Science29 Apr 2025

Reasons why anxiety and depression promote low self-belief revealed

Researchers at UCL have uncovered why individuals who experience anxiety and depression often struggle with persistent low self-belief in their abilities. A new study, published in Nature Communications, examined two large groups of people (230 and 278 participants) to measure their “confidence” when doing individual jobs and their “self-belief” when judging their overall performance of these individual jobs collectively. They found that those with symptoms of anxiety and depression tended to build their overall self-belief by focusing their attention on jobs where ...

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Social Science29 Apr 2025

UMass Amherst graduate student’s discovery shows that even neutral molecules take sides when it comes to biochemistry

AMHERST, Mass. — A new study led by a pair of researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst turns long-held conventional wisdom about a certain type of polymer on its head, greatly expanding understanding of how some of biochemistry’s fundamental forces work. The study, released recently in Nature Communications, opens the door for new biomedical research running the gamut from analyzing and identifying proteins and carbohydrates to drug delivery. The work involves a kind of polymer made up of neutral ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

Electroactive biofiltration dynamic membrane: A new hope for wastewater treatment

A recent study published in Engineering presents a novel approach to wastewater treatment and membrane fouling mitigation. The research, led by Zhiwei Wang from Tongji University, focuses on the development of an electroactive biofiltration dynamic membrane (EBDM). The increasing scarcity of freshwater resources and the need for more efficient wastewater treatment have driven the search for innovative solutions. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) have shown promise, but membrane fouling remains a significant ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

Disparities in breast reconstruction persist after ACA, reports Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

April 29, 2025 — Despite steady increases in rates of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) after mastectomy, racial disparities in IBR have persisted in the years since implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), reports a study in the May issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery®, the official medical journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer. "Our study demonstrates that Hispanic women are more likely to undergo ...

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Physics29 Apr 2025

Making magnetic biomaterials

What if doctors could guide life-saving treatments through the body using only a magnet? An interdisciplinary collaboration at the University of Pittsburgh’s Swanson School of Engineering is bringing that concept closer to reality with the development of silk iron microparticles (SIMPs)—tiny, magnetic, and biodegradable carriers designed to precisely deliver drugs and treatments to sites in the body like aneurysms or tumors. Led by Pitt alumna Ande Marini (BioE PhD ‘25), now a postdoctoral scholar in cardiothoracic surgery at Stanford University, David Vorp, John A. Swanson Professor of bioengineering, and Justin Weinbaum, research ...

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Science29 Apr 2025

Synchrotron in a closet: Bringing powerful 3D X-ray microscopy to smaller labs

Images For the first time, researchers can study the microstructures inside metals, ceramics and rocks with X-rays in a standard laboratory without needing to travel to a particle accelerator, according to a study led by University of Michigan engineers. The new technique makes 3D X-ray diffraction—known as 3DXRD—more readily accessible, potentially enabling quick analysis of samples and prototypes in academia and industry, as well as providing more opportunities for students. 3DXRD reconstructs 3D images using X-rays taken at multiple angles, similar to a CT scan. Instead of the imaging device rotating about ...

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Engineering29 Apr 2025

Multiscale fibrous reinforcements yield high-performance construction composite

A recent study published in Engineering by Peizhao Zhou and Peng Feng from Tsinghua University introduces a novel construction material—flexible ultra-high performance reinforced cementitious composite (FHPRC). This material holds great potential for revolutionizing the construction industry with its excellent mechanical properties. The research focuses on the concept of multiscale fibrous reinforcements in cementitious matrices. By carefully tailoring the types, sizes, and volume fractions of fibers, the researchers optimized the tensile ...

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Technology29 Apr 2025

Using “shallow shadows” to uncover quantum properties

It would be difficult to understand the inner workings of a complex machine without ever opening it up, but this is the challenge scientists face when exploring quantum systems. Traditional methods of looking into these systems often require immense resources, making them impractical for large-scale applications. Researchers at UC San Diego, in collaboration with colleagues from IBM Quantum, Harvard and UC Berkeley, have developed a novel approach to this problem called “robust shallow shadows.” This technique allows scientists to extract essential information from quantum systems more efficiently and accurately, even in the presence of real-world noise and imperfections. Imagine ...

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Science29 Apr 2025

China’s EV ultrafast charging stations: Challenges, solutions, and costs

A new study published in Engineering delves into the future of ultrafast charging stations for electric vehicles (EVs) in China, exploring charging patterns, grid impacts, solutions, and upgrade costs. As the global EV market continues to expand rapidly, with China leading the way in EV adoption, understanding these aspects is crucial for sustainable development. The research team, led by Yang Zhao, Xinyu Chen and Michael B. McElroy, analyzed real-world charging data from over 15,000 EVs at ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

AACR: New CAR T cell therapy benefits patients with advanced thyroid cancers

Phase I trial demonstrates lasting responses and encouraging safety profile in two aggressive thyroid cancer subtypes, suggesting further progress for CAR T cell therapy in solid tumors One patient experienced a complete response, and one patient had a partial response This type of cancer has limited treatment options, and most patients have a poor prognosis of six months or less AIC100 is a CAR T cell therapy that targets the ICAM-1 protein on tumor cells ABSTRACT: CT206 CHICAGO, APRIL 29, 2025 ― A new chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy called AIC100, which targets the ICAM-1 protein, demonstrated encouraging responses and an acceptable safety ...

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Science29 Apr 2025

AcrOSS platform: Advancing safe UAS operations in critical areas

In a recent development in the field of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), a research team from the University of Salento in Italy has designed and tested a novel platform named AcrOSS. The details of this platform are published in Engineering, aiming to enhance the safety and efficiency of UAS operations in critical areas. The widespread use of UAS in civil airspace, especially for beyond visual line-of-sight (BVLOS) operations, faces numerous challenges. The AcrOSS project, funded by the Italian Ministry for Research, focuses on developing ...

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Technology29 Apr 2025

Quantum computing paves the way for low-carbon building operations

A new study published in Engineering presents an innovative approach to building energy management that combines quantum computing with model predictive control (MPC), aiming to enhance energy efficiency and drive decarbonization in buildings. Buildings are major energy consumers, contributing significantly to global energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. To address these issues, researchers Akshay Ajagekar and Fengqi You from Cornell University developed an adaptive quantum approximate optimization-based MPC strategy. This strategy is designed for buildings equipped with battery energy storage and renewable energy generation systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) panels. The heart ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

HonorHealth Research Institute presents new findings in decades-long quest to conquer aggressive pancreatic cancer

PHOENIX, Ariz. — April 30, 2025 — HonorHealth Research Institute’s new downtown Phoenix laboratory has produced its first study, centered on a promising new treatment for pancreatic cancer, one of the most aggressive and difficult to treat of all malignancies. Study results were presented April 29 in Chicago at the annual meeting of the 58,000-member American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), the world’s largest professional organization of cancer investigators, caregivers and patient advocates. Study findings indicate that a newly discovered drug, RMC-6236, also known as Daraxonrasib, is a powerful inhibitor of RAS (including KRAS, NRAS and HRAS). These ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

HonorHealth Research Institute is the first of 50 sites worldwide to treat a patient in a new clinical study aimed at melanoma

SCOTTSDALE, Ariz. — April 29, 2025 — HonorHealth Research Institute recently treated the first patient in a 50-site international clinical trial that will test a new type of therapy aimed at difficult-to-treat melanoma, an aggressive type of skin cancer. This new therapy targets PRAME, a peptide commonly found in melanoma tumors. The therapy uses the patient’s own manufactured and enhanced immune system T cells to create billions of new patient specific cells to attack melanoma, even after the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. “We are excited about the potential of this new type of cellular therapy,” said Justin Moser, M.D., an associate ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

Surviving cancer, still suffering: Survey reveals gaps in follow‑up care

Over 70% said mental health was not addressed during treatment Less than a third had information about survivorship care Northwestern oncologists are launching new survivorship clinic based on findings Findings apply broadly to survivors of many cancers CHICAGO --- More Americans are beating cancer than ever, yet many still grapple with treatment’s long shadow — especially on their mental health. A new Northwestern Medicine study found most head-and-neck cancer survivors who underwent ...

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Science29 Apr 2025

A scientific method for flawless cacio e pepe

WASHINGTON, April 29, 2025 – The beloved Italian pasta cacio e pepe is perhaps best known for two things: being delicious and being frustratingly difficult to cook. At first glance, it looks like a simple recipe, containing only three ingredients: pasta, pecorino romano cheese, and black pepper. But as anyone who has tried to make it will know, the cheese will often clump when added to the hot pasta water, turning what is supposed to be a smooth, creamy sauce into a stringy, sticky mess. In Physics of Fluids, by AIP Publishing, researchers from the University of Barcelona, the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, the University of Padova, and the Institute of Science ...

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Medicine29 Apr 2025

Uptake of and disparities in semaglutide and tirzepatide prescribing for obesity in the US

About The Study: Semaglutide and tirzepatide prescriptions within Epic-affiliated health care systems increased slightly between 2021 and 2024, but their uptake remained limited, with only 3% of eligible patients having ever received a prescription during that period. Furthermore, there were disparities in prescribing of varying magnitude based on race and ethnicity, social vulnerability, and urbanicity, although the absolute differences were small compared with the overall underutilization. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Yuan Lu, ScD, email y.lu@yale.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jama.2025.4735) Editor’s ...

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