PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Dalian Coherent Light Source reveals strong isotope effects in photodissociation of water isotopolog

Dalian Coherent Light Source reveals strong isotope effects in photodissociation of water isotopolog
2021-07-23
(Press-News.org) Recently, a research group led by Prof. YUAN Kaijun and Prof. YANG Xueming from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences revealed strong isotope effects in photodissociation of the water isotopologue (HOD) using the Dalian Coherent Light Source.

Their findings were published in Science Advances on July 23.

"Our experimental results illustrate dramatically different quantum state population distributions of OH and OD fragments from HOD photodissociation. The branching ratios of the H+OD and D+OH channels display large wavelength-dependent isotopic fractionation," said Prof. YUAN.

Because water is one of the most abundant species in the solar nebula, photodissociation of water and its isotopologue by solar vacuum ultraviolet photons may be an alternative source of the D/H isotope heterogeneity, and this effect must be considered in photochemical models.

The photochemical processes identified in this work may vary the D/H isotopic ratios in the inner and outer regions, and/or in different periods of the solar nebula, which may cause the D/H isotope heterogeneity in the solar system.

INFORMATION:

This research was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chemical Dynamics Research Center, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.


[Attachments] See images for this press release:
Dalian Coherent Light Source reveals strong isotope effects in photodissociation of water isotopolog

ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

New understanding of cell stability with potential to improve immune cell therapies

2021-07-23
Research in mice, published today in Science Immunology by researchers at the Babraham Institute, UK and VIB-KU Leuven, Belgium, provides two solutions with potential to overcome a key clinical limitation of immune cell therapies. Regulatory T cells have potential in treating autoimmunity and inflammatory diseases yet they can switch from a protective to damaging function. By identifying the unstable regulatory T cells, and understanding how they can be purged from a cell population, the authors highlight a path forward for regulatory T cell transfer therapy. Cell therapy is based on purifying cells from a patient, growing them up in cell culture to improve their properties, and then reinfusing them into the patient. Professor Adrian ...

New organ-on-a-chip finds crucial interaction between blood, ovarian cancer tumors

New organ-on-a-chip finds crucial interaction between blood, ovarian cancer tumors
2021-07-23
In the evolving field of cancer biology and treatment, innovations in organ-on-a-chip microdevices allow researchers to discover more about the disease outside the human body. These organs-on-chips serve as a model of the state an actual cancer patient is in, thus allowing an opportunity to finding the correct treatment before administering it to the patient. At Texas A&M University, researchers are pushing these devices to new levels that could change the way clinicians approach cancer treatment, particularly ovarian cancer. The team has recently submitted a patent disclosure with the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station. "We claim several novelties in technological ...

Using silicone wristbands to measure air quality

Using silicone wristbands to measure air quality
2021-07-23
A study by researchers at the Texas A&M University School of Public Health shows that inexpensive and convenient devices such as silicone wristbands can be used to yield quantitative air quality data, which is particularly appealing for periods of susceptibility such as pregnancy. The research team found that the wristbands, when used as passive samplers, have the ability to bind smaller molecular weight semi-volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) -- a class of chemicals that occur naturally in coal, crude oil and gasoline and are produced when coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage and tobacco are burned -- in a similar pattern as active sampling. Published recently in Nature's ...

Neuroscientists posit that brain region is a key locus of learning

Neuroscientists posit that brain region is a key locus of learning
2021-07-23
Small and seemingly specialized, the brain's locus coeruleus (LC) region has been stereotyped for its outsized export of the arousal-stimulating neuromodulator norepinephrine. In a new paper and with a new grant from the National Institutes of Health, an MIT neuroscience lab is making the case that the LC is not just an alarm button but has a more nuanced and multifaceted impact on learning, behavior and mental health than it has been given credit for. With inputs from more than 100 other brain regions and sophisticated control of where and when it sends out norepinephrine (NE), the LC's tiny population of surprisingly diverse cells may represent an important regulator of learning from ...

High school student presents on oral-health impact profile 5: analyzing a private practice adult population's distribution

2021-07-23
Alexandria, Va., USA - Hiba Nasir, Wayzata High School, Plymouth, Minn., presented the poster "Oral-Health Impact Profile 5: Analyzing A Private Practice Adult Population's Distribution" at the virtual 99th General Session & Exhibition of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR), held in conjunction with the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR) and the 45th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for Dental Research (CADR), on July 21-24, 2021. Nasir, a high school student, along with Sheila Riggs, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA, performed an observational study to understand the ...

Strategies for disseminating guidance to dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021-07-23
Alexandria, Va., USA - Ruth Lipman, American Dental Association (ADA) Science and Research Institute, Chicago, Ill., U.S., presented the poster "Strategies for Disseminating Guidance to Dentists during the COVID-19 Pandemic" at the virtual 99th General Session & Exhibition of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR), held in conjunction with the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR) and the 45th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for Dental Research (CADR), on July 21-24, 2021. Rapidly formulated, actionable infection risk mitigation strategies for dental care professionals were needed during the initial acceleration phase of the COVID-19 ...

Policing the digital divide: How racial bias can limit Internet access for people of color

2021-07-23
Coffee shops and casual restaurants are an important part of American life. Even beyond the food and drinks they sell, they offer us a place to use the restroom or rest our feet while we're out and about, and they provide internet access to those on the go, those in need of a temporary office, or those who don't have an internet connection at home. Many of us take for granted that a nearby Starbucks or McDonald's can offer us a little respite, even if we don't always make a purchase. But access to these sorts of quasi-public spaces isn't always equal in America, particularly for Black people and other people of color. One such example of this is the infamous 2018 incident in Philadelphia when two Black men waiting at Starbucks for an acquaintance were ...

Advantages of intranasal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2

Advantages of intranasal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2
2021-07-23
BIRMINGHAM, Ala. - There are many reasons that an intranasal vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus would be helpful in the fight against COVID-19 infections, University of Alabama at Birmingham immunologists Fran Lund, Ph.D., and Troy Randall, Ph.D., write in a viewpoint article in the journal Science. That route of vaccination gives two additional layers of protection over intramuscular shots because it produces: 1) immunoglobulin A and resident memory B and T cells in the respiratory mucosa that are an effective barrier to infection at those sites, and 2) cross-reactive resident memory B and T cells that can respond earlier than other immune cells if a viral variant does start ...

American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology discusses updated American Cancer Society guidelines on cervical cancer screening

2021-07-23
July 23, 2021 - Last year, the American Cancer Society (ACS) issued an updated set of guidelines for cervical cancer screening - emphasizing the shift toward screening with primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. While the ACS recommendation accounts for a transition period to implement primary HPV screening, additional factors should be considered to operationalize these guidelines, according to a special white paper in the July issue of the Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease (JLGTD), official journal of ASCCP. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer. In the article, the ASCCP Cervical ...

New tracking system monitors danger to rainforests

2021-07-23
Rainforests are a powerful, natural solution to combat climate change -- providing water filtration, capturing carbon and regulating global temperatures. But major threats like large-scale land use changes, including agricultural expansion and clearcutting, have turned these biodiversity havens into one of the most endangered habitats on our planet. In 2019, select scientists, including the University of Delaware's Rodrigo Vargas, met at the National Geographic headquarters in Washington, D.C., to discuss the threats to rainforests. The researchers pinpointed a need to develop a worldwide tracking system, which would find trends to help fight land degradation ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Managing meandering waterways in a changing world

Expert sounds alarm as mosquito-borne diseases becoming a global phenomenon in a warmer more populated world

Climate change is multiplying the threat caused by antimicrobial resistance

UK/German study - COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness and fewer common side-effects most important factors in whether adults choose to get vaccinated

New ultraviolet light air disinfection technology could help protect against healthcare infections and even the next pandemic

Major genetic meta-analysis reveals how antibiotic resistance in babies varies according to mode of birth, prematurity, and where they live

Q&A: How TikTok’s ‘black box’ algorithm and design shape user behavior

American Academy of Arts and Sciences elects three NYU faculty as 2024 fellows

A closed-loop drug-delivery system could improve chemotherapy

MIT scientists tune the entanglement structure in an array of qubits

Geologists discover rocks with the oldest evidence yet of Earth’s magnetic field

It’s easier now to treat opioid addiction with medication -- but use has changed little

Researchers publish final results of key clinical trial for gene therapy for sickle cell disease

Identifying proteins causally related to COVID-19, healthspan and lifespan

New study reveals how AI can enhance flexibility, efficiency for customer service centers

UT School of Natural Resources team receives grant to remove ‘forever chemicals’ from water

Sweet potato quality analysis is enhanced with hyperspectral imaging and AI

Use of acid reflux drugs linked to higher risk of migraine

For immigrants to Canada, risk of MS increases with proportion of life spent there

Targeted use of enfortumab vedotin for the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma

A university lecture, with a dash of jumping jacks

How light can vaporize water without the need for heat

These giant, prehistoric salmon had tusk-like teeth

New study infers our wellbeing by analyzing the language we use around ageing, using language markers to enable "a different type of access to individuals’ inner worlds"

New research confirms plastic production is directly linked to plastic pollution

MSU researchers uncover 'parallel universe' in tomato genetics

Grey cuckoo, red cuckoo: unveiling the genomic secrets of color polymorphism in female cuckoo birds

CHOP researchers discover underlying biology behind Fontan-associated liver disease

A flexible microdisplay can monitor brain activity in real-time during brain surgery

Diversity and productivity go branch-in-branch

[Press-News.org] Dalian Coherent Light Source reveals strong isotope effects in photodissociation of water isotopolog