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Science

Dingoes given ‘almost-human’ status in pre-colonial Australia

It's said that a dog is a man’s best friend, but the wild dingo is much maligned in Australia. This may not always have been the case though, with new research led by experts at The Australian National University and The University of Western Australia suggesting that dingoes were buried – and even domesticated – by First Nations people prior to European colonisation. The researchers examined remains at the Curracurrang archaeological site, south of Sydney, where radiocarbon dating of dingo bones revealed the animals were buried alongside humans as far back as 2,000 years ago. The care taken to bury the animals ...

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East Los Angeles program to remove tattoos may help reduce traumatic injuries
Science

East Los Angeles program to remove tattoos may help reduce traumatic injuries

Key Takeaways Tattoos, especially those related to gangs and sex work, can make individuals targets for violence. Tattoos may also make it more difficult for individuals to make changes in their lives, including finding a job or joining the military. Nearly nine out of 10 of the program’s clients (88%) desired tattoo removal to transition to a healthier life, and more than eight of 10 clients (81%) reported success in achieving their goals after tattoo removal. BOSTON (October 20, 2023): Tattoo removal may help to reduce violence and trauma in East Los Angeles, according to study results being presented at the American ...

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An injured child’s chance of surviving improves when treated at a trauma center prepared to care for children
Science

An injured child’s chance of surviving improves when treated at a trauma center prepared to care for children

Key Takeaways Trauma centers with the highest pediatric readiness scores (93 or greater) on a national assessment have much lower death rates than centers scoring lower. All trauma centers should address gaps in pediatric emergency care — most importantly, the lack of having a pediatric-specific quality improvement plan. BOSTON (October 20, 2023): Children initially treated at trauma centers with the highest level of preparedness to care for children, called pediatric readiness, are significantly less likely to die than those initially treated at trauma facilities with lower pediatric readiness levels, new research shows. The findings are being presented ...

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Moving muscle fibers with magnets “programs” how they align within tissue
Science

Moving muscle fibers with magnets “programs” how they align within tissue

Stimulating muscle fibers with magnets causes them to grow in the same direction, aligning muscle cells within tissue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Boston University investigators report October 20 in the journal Device. The findings offer a simpler, less time-consuming way for medical researchers to program muscle cell alignment, which is strongly tied to healthy muscle function. “The ability to make aligned muscle in a lab setting means that we can develop model tissues for understanding muscle in healthy and diseased states and for developing and testing new therapies ...

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Science

What do new moms and roaches have in common?

Researchers are studying the dramatic physical transformation that some insects undergo to give birth to live young. This includes suppressing their immune systems to accommodate babies, which is something some insects and people have in common. Understanding how these systems work can help improve treatments for fibromyalgia and other immune disorders. Biologists at the University of Cincinnati were part of an international team examining the complex structural and physiological changes that take place in Hawaii’s beetle-mimic cockroaches, which give birth to live young. “It’s ...

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Felix Beuschlein announced as winner of 2024 Transatlantic Alliance Award in Endocrinology
Science

Felix Beuschlein announced as winner of 2024 Transatlantic Alliance Award in Endocrinology

Felix Beuschlein is Professor of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology and Director of the Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition at the University Clinic Zurich in Switzerland. He received his medical degree from School of Medicine at the University of Würzburg and completed his medical training in Freiburg, both in Germany. For postdoctoral studies he joined the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Following a professorship for Endocrine Research at the University of Munich, he was elected for a chair position at the University of Zurich in 2017. The Transatlantic ...

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Science

Adolescents and young adults of all identities open to discussing sexual identity and gender identity with doctors

AAP media contacts: Lisa Black, 630-626-6084, lblack@aap.org Tom McPheron, 630-626-6315, tmcpheron@aap.org Adam Alexander, 630-626-6765, aalexander@aap.org Washington, D.C.— Teenagers and young adults are fairly open to the idea of talking with their doctors and nurses about their sexual orientation and gender identity and are okay being asked through various methods, whether on paper, electronically, or in person, according to research presented during the 2023 AAP National Conference ...

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Science

Live streaming platform ‘Twitch’ poses risks for minors who may be manipulated, preyed upon: New research

AAP media contacts: Lisa Black, 630-626-6084, lblack@aap.org Tom McPheron, 630-626-6315, tmcpheron@aap.org Adam Alexander, 630-626-6765, aalexander@aap.org Washington, D.C.— A popular live streaming platform, Twitch, poses risks to minors who can interact with adult strangers and donate money to streamers without the supervision of a parent or guardian, according to research presented during the 2023 AAP National Conference & Exhibition at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center. The abstract, “Predator Paradise: Analyzing the Ease ...

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Science

Father’s postpartum depression doubles child’s odds of adverse childhood experiences before age 5

AAP media contacts: Lisa Black, 630-626-6084, lblack@aap.org Tom McPheron, 630-626-6315, tmcpheron@aap.org Adam Alexander, 630-626-6765, aalexander@aap.org Washington, D.C.—A father’s depression during his child’s first year of life has been associated with difficulties in parenting and child behavior, but new research finds that it also doubles the odds of a child having three or more adverse childhood experiences ...

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Science

Delta-8 and its online availability to minors raises concerns

For release: 12:01 a.m. ET Friday, Oct. 20, 2023 AAP media contacts: Lisa Black, 630-626-6084, lblack@aap.org Tom McPheron, 630-626-6315, tmcpheron@aap.org Adam Alexander, 630-626-6765, aalexander@aap.org WASHINGTON, D.C.-- Delta-8 is a substance that produces a high akin to THC. While THC is a federally banned substance, delta-8 is technically a different chemical and is therefore not federally banned. New research suggests the growing popularity of ...

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Science

Marching band injuries strike a wrong note in emergency departments

For release: 12:01 a.m. ET Friday, Oct. 20, 2023 AAP media contacts: Lisa Black, 630-626-6084, lblack@aap.org Tom McPheron, 630-626-6315, tmcpheron@aap.org Adam Alexander, 630-626-6765, aalexander@aap.org Washington, D.C.—Marching band is a physically demanding task and performance art that can lead to injury similar to organized athletic activities. New research shows that 70% of marching band-related injuries reported to emergency ...

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Science

Research finds 1 out of 4 youth screen positive for suicide risk in an emergency department; majority of those who identify as transgender, gender diverse, screen positive

For release: 12:01 a.m. ET Friday, Oct. 20, 2023 AAP media contacts: Lisa Black, 630-626-6084, lblack@aap.org Tom McPheron, 630-626-6315, tmcpheron@aap.org Adam Alexander, 630-626-6765, aalexander@aap.org Washington, D.C.— Nearly 80% of emergency department encounters involving transgender or gender diverse youth ages 10 and older ...

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Science

American Academy of Pediatrics reviews toddler ‘formulas,’ questions marketing of drinks

Media contacts: Lisa Black, lblack@aap.org; or Adam Alexander, aalexander@aap.org Toddler “formulas” that are promoted as nutritious drinks for the older infant or preschooler are generally unnecessary and nutritionally incomplete, and the marketing practices that promote them are questionable, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics. The AAP has published a new clinical report, “Older Infant-Young Child ‘Formulas,’ ” that reviews the growing array of drinks aimed at children ages 6-36 months and observes ...

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Identifying the maker of an artwork by fingerprint examination
Science

Identifying the maker of an artwork by fingerprint examination

Dzemila Sero, now Migelien Gerritzen Fellow at the Rijksmuseum and former postdoc at the Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, together with a team of researchers from the Rijksmuseum, Leiden and Cambridge University, examined the terracotta sculpture Study for a Hovering Putto attributed to Laurent Delvaux (1696 - 1778) and housed in the Rijksmuseum permanent collection. The methodology and findings were published open access in Science Advances in a paper with title "Artist profiling using micro-CT scanning of a Rijksmuseum terracotta sculpture". To acquire preserved impressions on the sculpture, researchers ...

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Science

High pregnancy weight gain tied to higher risk of death in the following decades

Pregnant people who gained more than the now-recommended amount of weight had a higher risk of death from heart disease or diabetes in the decades that followed, according to new analysis of 50 years of data published in The Lancet and led by researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. The group studied a large national data set that stretched from when a person gave birth through the next five decades, assessing mortality rates to show the potential long-term effects of weight gain in pregnancy. Higher risk of death was found for all weight groups studied — including those defined ...

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Science

MD Anderson research highlights: ESMO 2023 special edition

ABSTRACTS: LBA71, 1088MO, 95MO, LBA48, 1082O, 1085O, LBA34, 243MO MADRID ― The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Research Highlights provides a glimpse into recent basic, translational and clinical cancer research from MD Anderson experts. This special edition features upcoming oral presentations by MD Anderson researchers at the 2023 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress focused on clinical advances across a variety of cancer types. Highlights include a combination strategy for EGFR-mutant metastatic lung cancer, updated results for a Phase ...

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Science

Research repository arXiv receives $10M for upgrades

ITHACA, N.Y. -- Cornell Tech has announced a total of more than $10 million in gifts and grants from the Simons Foundation and the National Science Foundation, respectively, to support arXiv, a free distribution service and open-access archive for scholarly articles. The funding will allow the growing repository with more than 2 million articles to migrate to the cloud and modernize its code to ensure reliability, fault tolerance and accessibility for researchers. “I am deeply grateful for this tremendous support from both the Simons Foundation ...

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Science

Periodical cicada emergence disrupts food webs, increases plant damage in eastern North American forests

The periodical mass emergence of cicadas in eastern North American forests can “rewire” forest food webs and initiate a cascade of ecological impacts that propagates throughout the food chain, according to a study that quantified effects of the 2021 Brood X cicada emergence. The study found that when insect-eating birds have abundant prey in the form of cicadas and thus shift their focus away from their usual repast – leaf-eating caterpillars – the caterpillars feast more heavily upon the leaves of oak saplings, doubling insect leaf damage. “Although previous studies have documented strong ecological ...

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Science

BNP peptide a culprit in eczema

Researchers from North Carolina State University have pinpointed a particular peptide’s role in activating atopic dermatitis, or eczema. The work could lead to more effective treatments for the condition. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a skin condition characterized by itching, irritated and thickened skin at the site of the irritation. The brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a peptide, or short chain of amino acids, that is elevated in patients with AD. “BNP is expressed in sensory neurons, the neurons responsible for conveying sensation to the brain via the spinal cord,” ...

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OU-led study documents new extremes in stratospheric water vapor
Science

OU-led study documents new extremes in stratospheric water vapor

A University of Oklahoma-led article published in Geophysical Research Letters highlights newly measured extremes recorded during the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere field project. “Extreme Altitudes of Stratospheric Hydration by Midlatitude Convection Observed During the DCOTSS Field Campaign,” led by OU School of Meteorology Interim Director and Associate Professor Cameron Homeyer, summarizes the extremes in measured stratospheric depth of hydration by convection recorded during the DCOTSS project as a whole, and ...

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Science

Can golden retrievers live longer?

Golden retrievers are one of the most popular breeds of dogs. But research shows they have up to a 65% chance of dying from cancer. In a new study, University of California, Davis, researchers set out to find if certain genetic factors could help their survival rate. But instead of searching for genes associated with a cancer diagnosis in the breed, they instead chose to look for genes associated with longer life. The gene they found is in a family of proteins long known to be important in human cancers. Specific versions or variants ...

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Researchers design a pulsing nanomotor
Science

Researchers design a pulsing nanomotor

An international team of scientists headed by the University of Bonn has developed a novel type of nanomotor. It is driven by a clever mechanism and can perform pulsing movements. The researchers are now planning to fit it with a coupling and install it as a drive in complex machines. Their findings have now appeared in the journal Nature Nanotechnology. This novel type of motor is similar to a hand grip trainer that strengthens your grip when used regularly. However, the motor is around one million times smaller. Two handles are connected by a spring in a V-shaped structure. In a hand grip trainer, ...

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Self-powered flexible multicolor electrochromic devices for information displays
Science

Self-powered flexible multicolor electrochromic devices for information displays

In recent years, self-powered electrochromic (EC) devices have shown significant potential in various fields such as optoelectronics, sensors, and security systems. These self-powered EC systems, capable of reversible color switching without external power sources, have garnered considerable interest for next-generation electronic devices. However, this field is still in its infancy, with several unresolved challenges, including monochromatic displays, limited cycle durability, and the use of aqueous electrolytes. All these limitations have become ...

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Science

Hook-ups where one partner is drunker more likely to be seen as assault

Hook-ups where one partner is drunker than the other are more likely to be seen as assault, researchers at the University of Essex revealed. A study by Dr Veronica Lamarche, from the Department of Psychology, discovered equal consumption was more important than levels of drunkenness. This was the case even when couples had drunk to excess and was the same across sexualities and genders. Dr Lamarche discovered that romantic rendezvous were seen most positively when couples drank the same low level of alcohol. And encounters where one partner was ...

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Pinpointing the emergence of muddy flavors in your fish
Science

Pinpointing the emergence of muddy flavors in your fish

Many people have experienced a muddy off-flavor in farmed fish. While the aquaculture industry has known about the problem for 20 years, it continues to impact the consumption of otherwise healthy and potentially sustainable fish. Now, University of Copenhagen researchers have been able to pinpoint exactly when the off-flavors emerge. And this can make it easier to deal with the compounds that turn people away from farmed fish. Yuk! Musty, earthy or muddy-tasting fish is never going to go over well with the family. Perhaps you’ve tasted it in trout caught from a put-and-take pond. The off-flavor ...

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