Depression and psychosis are more common in women after childbirth than before, but the risk of suicide attempts decreases. This is shown by two new studies from Karolinska Institutet. The results suggest that national guidelines for screening can help women get help earlier. Mental ill health in connection with pregnancy and childbirth can have long-term consequences for women's health. During this period, major biological and psychosocial changes occur that can increase vulnerability to depression, anxiety, ...

Brazilian researchers, in partnership with French institutions, have developed a tool that can predict how patients will respond to natalizumab, one of the most commonly used drugs for treating multiple sclerosis. Despite its effectiveness, about 35% of users do not respond completely to therapy and experience a return of symptoms within two years of starting treatment. Additionally, while it helps reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks and slows disease progression, it can cause adverse reactions such as an increased ...

Lignin, a renewable aromatic biopolymer with complex three-dimensional networks and diverse functional groups, represents a promising sustainable feedstock for value-added chemicals and fuels. However, its structural heterogeneity and poor solubility pose significant challenges for efficient valorization. Oxidative depolymerization has emerged as a particularly effective approach for producing carbonyl-containing aromatic compounds under mild conditions. Polyoxometalates serve as ideal bifunctional catalysts, combining acidic and oxidative sites while enabling oxygen-mediated regeneration. Current limitations involve the high ...

CAMBRIDGE, MA -- Mucus is more than just a sticky substance: It contains a wealth of powerful molecules called mucins that help to tame microbes and prevent infection. In a new study, MIT researchers have identified mucins that defend against Salmonella and other bacteria that cause diarrhea. The researchers now hope to mimic this defense system to create synthetic mucins that could help prevent or treat illness in soldiers or other people at risk of exposure to Salmonella. It could also help prevent “traveler’s diarrhea,” a gastrointestinal infection caused by consuming contaminated food or water. Mucins are bottlebrush-shaped polymers made of complex sugar ...

ITHACA, N.Y. – An analysis of commercial raw cat foods detected disease-causing microbes, including some that are resistant to antibiotics, creating risks for both pets and their owners, according to a new Cornell University study. The paper, published in Communications Biology, found Salmonella, Cronobacter and E. coli in such foods as raw or partially cooked meat sold frozen, refrigerated and freeze-dried in stores and online. These pathogens can transfer from pets to humans and are of special concern for young children, and people who are old, pregnant and ...

Tampa, FL, USA – September 25, 2025 – With global attention shifting away from mpox after recent declines in case counts, the Global Virus Network (GVN) is warning against complacency and urges accelerating efforts to strengthen outbreak readiness. Through its Mpox Action Committee and Centers of Excellence, GVN has initiated one of the first coordinated, multi-country evaluations of rapid point-of-care mpox diagnostics, a critical step to prevent resurgence and ensure the world is better prepared for future epidemics. Despite recent improvements, health experts caution that gaps in surveillance and diagnostics leave communities vulnerable to new flare-ups. In ...

With $3M in new federal funding over two years, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine molecular virologist Dr. Marc-André Langlois and a multidisciplinary team of collaborators will be a vital part of Canada’s ability to respond effectively to infectious disease threats & future pandemics. With this investment from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the national network of experts led by Dr. Langlois will be able to support large-scale scientific research, protect vulnerable communities, and strengthen the country’s ability ...

People who suspect that their sense of smell has been dulled after a bout of COVID-19 are likely correct, a new study using an objective, 40-odor test shows. Even those who do not notice any olfactory issues may be impaired. Led by the National Institutes of Health’s RECOVER initiative and supported by its Clinical Science Core at NYU Langone Health, a team of researchers from across the country explored a link between the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 and hyposmia — the reduced ability to smell. The results revealed that 80% of participants who reported a change in their smelling ability after having COVID-19 earned low scores on ...

More marine life is living on some World War II munitions disposed of on the Baltic Sea’s seabed than on the sediment surrounding it. The findings, reported in a paper in Communications Earth & Environment, show that some marine organisms can tolerate high levels of toxic compounds if there is a hard surface for them to inhabit. The results also demonstrate how detritus from human conflict can provide habitats for wildlife, which is similarly shown in a Scientific Data study mapping a fleet of World War I shipwrecks in Maryland, USA. Prior ...

About The Study: This cohort study of schools matched to child and adolescent patient medical records from a large network of community health organizations found that school participation in the Community Eligibility Provision was associated with a net reduction in blood pressure outcomes. These findings add to mounting evidence that universal free school meals may be associated with improved child health. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Anna M. Localio, PhD, MPH, email alocalio@uw.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.33186) Editor’s ...

About The Study: The findings of this analysis suggest that the individualized treatment effect of low-dose aspirin on cancer prevention in older adults varies by participant characteristics. Further study is needed to fully understand the implications of these findings.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Le Thi Phuong Thao, PhD, email thao.le@monash.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.3593) Editor’s Note: Please ...

About The Study: This cohort study examines the presence, severity, and patterns of olfactory dysfunction in U.S. adults with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Leora I. Horwitz, MD, MHS, email Leora.horwitz@nyulangone.org. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.33815) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, ...

New York, NY [September 25, 2025] — A new study led by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai offers one of the most comprehensive views yet of how brain cells interact in Alzheimer’s disease, mapping protein networks that reveal communication failures and point to new therapeutic opportunities. Published online in Cell on September 25, the study analyzed protein activity in brain tissue from nearly 200 individuals. The researchers discovered that disruptions in communication between neurons and supporting brain cells called glia—specifically astrocytes and microglia—are ...

The American Geophysical Union (AGU), the world’s largest association of Earth and space scientists, and the American Meteorological Society (AMS), the professional society for atmospheric and related sciences and services, invite contribution proposals for a joint special collection of research articles called the “U.S. Climate Collection: Informing Assessment of Risks and Solutions.”   This collaborative effort, first announced earlier this year in the wake of the dismissal of the Sixth National Climate Assessment (NCA) authors, aims to publish ...

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is an important technology for converting carbon-rich resources such as coal, natural gas, and biomass into clean fuels and high-value chemicals through synthesis gas. Iron-based catalysts are widely used in industrial applications due to their low cost and strong adaptability, especially for syngas derived from coal or biomass with low H2/CO ratios. However, the catalytic process is complicated by frequent phase transformations among metallic iron, iron oxides, and iron carbides, which ...

DALLAS, Sept. 25, 2025 — Six NFL (National Football League) club mascots are stepping up to inspire kids to move more to support mental and physical health. These NFL mascots are serving as members of the inaugural NFL PLAY 60 Ambassador class supporting the NFL and the American Heart Association’s work to help kids achieve a minimum of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity each day. Rooted in the American Heart Association’s physical activity guidelines, NFL PLAY 60 supports the evidence-based guidance that students who are active learn better, focus more, think more ...

Background and Aims The causal biomarkers for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and their clinical value remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify biomarkers for MASLD and evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic significance. Methods We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis to assess the causal effects of 2,925 molecular biomarkers (from proteomics data) and 35 clinical biomarkers on MASLD. Mediation analysis was performed to determine whether clinical biomarkers mediated the effects of molecular biomarkers. The association ...

INDIANAPOLIS -- Chest pain ranks as the second most common reason for emergency department (ED) visits, making it a key concern for patients and doctors. However, 80 percent of these cases are considered low-risk and not related to heart disease, and for these patients, anxiety and panic disorders are frequent diagnoses. A new study led by the Indiana University School of Medicine and Regenstrief Institute researchers shows that many patients who visit the ED with low-risk chest pain might benefit more from treatment for underlying psychological conditions than from extensive cardiac testing. Anxiety is not only common among low-risk ...

Key Points: Microbiologists have previously studied the bacterial species found in subway stations, but fungi have often been overlooked. An international team of researchers collected monthly samples from subway stations in Beijing and found high fungal diversity, mostly non-pathogenic. Some opportunistic pathogens were also detected. Fungal communities were observed to vary significantly by season and station types. The work could guide better strategies for air quality control in urban transit systems. Washington, D.C. — Subways don’t just bring people together. They’re also ...

New York, NY [September 25, 2025]— A new study from researchers at the Mount Sinai Health System suggests that a simple tweak to how artificial intelligence (AI) assigns diagnostic codes could significantly improve accuracy, even outperforming physicians. The findings, reported in the September 25 online issue of NEJM AI [DOI: 10.1056/AIcs2401161], could help reduce the time doctors spend on paperwork, cut billing errors, and improve the quality of patient records. “Our previous study showed that even the most advanced AI could produce the ...

Scientists know that social isolation can alter brain structure and lead to the breakdown of myelin, the fatty coating that insulates nerve fibers in the brain. But they don’t yet know exactly how or why it happens. A new, five-year study, supported by the National Science Foundation, investigates the potential mechanisms that drive the process. “We’re looking at the role of dopamine in regulating changes in myelin caused by social isolation,” said study leader Leora Yetnikoff, a professor of Biology and a member of the CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative at the CUNY Graduate Center, and a professor of psychology at the College of Staten Island. Yetnikoff ...

Andia Chaves-Fonnegra, Ph.D., an associate professor of biology at Florida Atlantic University’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute and Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College, has been awarded a five-year, $720,446 grant from the United States EPA to support a pioneering project aimed at restoring sponge populations in Florida Bay through a genetics-based approach. Florida Bay is a shallow body of water between the southern tip of mainland Florida and the Florida Keys. It is part of Everglades National Park, which supports important marine life like sponges, fish and spiny lobster. The project marks the first genetic assessment of sponge restoration ...

COLUMBUS, Ohio – A new study provides evidence of the explosive growth of private club and travel teams in youth sports over the past 60 years.   Researchers found that kids who were born in the 1990s were about three times as likely to participate in private club and travel sports as those who were born in the 1950s. Findings were based on adults’ retrospective reports of their experiences while growing up.   About 4% of surveyed adults who were born in the 50s said they ...

Researchers from the Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), one of the centers under the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan, report an inexpensive iron hydroxide catalyst that could support the use of sodium borohydride as a hydrogen storage material. As the world moves toward hydrogen-powered societies, one major challenge remains: storing and releasing hydrogen efficiently. Sodium borohydride (SBH) is a promising hydrogen storage material that can generate hydrogen ...

The mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction is a process that relies on calcium signaling. However, the physiological role of calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) through the ryanodine receptor type 1 (RyR1) has remained unresolved for decades. A new study led by Associate Professor Takashi Murayama from Juntendo University in Japan, along with his team members Drs. Takuya Kobayashi and Nagomi Kurebayashi from Juntendo University, and Dr. Toshiko Yamazawa from Jikei University School of Medicine, published ...