Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have rapidly entered healthcare, but strong clinical evidence for their real-world use remains limited. A new study published in Gastroenterology & Endoscopy provides the first overview of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating LLMs specifically in digestive diseases. The international research team systematically reviewed published and ongoing RCTs conducted since 2022 and identified only 14 eligible trials worldwide—four published and ten ongoing. Most studies ...

 In autonomous driving, robotics, and augmented reality, accurate localization remains one of the most challenging problems. Traditional visual–inertial odometry systems often struggle with environmental variations, sensor noise, and multi-modal information fusion, limiting applications such as autonomous vehicles navigating complex urban environments and drones operating in GPS-denied areas. In a study published in the journal iOptics, a research team from Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications proposed a modality fusion strategy—visual–inertial cross-modal interaction and selection mechanisms. This approach not only improves ...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including antibodies against the programmed cell death protein 1/ligand 1 (PD-1/L1) effectively at boost the immune system; however, they may cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The predictive biomarkers and risk factors for irAEs have not been determined. Further, while activated T-cell infiltration of tissues is a hallmark of irAEs, it remains unclear if this is a prerequisite for irAEs development or merely a consequence. To that end, a team of researchers from The ...

A recent study published in Engineering has unveiled a novel approach to generating functional organoids from human adult adipose tissue. This method, which bypasses traditional stem cell isolation and genetic manipulation, offers a more straightforward and scalable pathway for creating organoids that can be used in regenerative medicine and disease modeling.   The research, led by a team from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and the Shanghai Institute for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, demonstrates the potential of human adult adipose tissue to differentiate into organoids representing all ...

Beijing’s metro system could soon carry express parcels alongside commuters during quiet periods, according to a new operational blueprint published in Engineering. Researchers from Beijing Jiaotong University and East China Jiaotong University have designed a joint optimization model that simultaneously plans train timetables, rolling-stock circulation, and cargo loading while allowing trains to skip stations with low demand. The approach, tested on the Yizhuang Line, cut operating costs by up to 25% compared with conventional fixed-composition, all-stop services.   The study addresses the rapid rise in urban freight volumes—already 15 million parcels a day in Beijing—by ...

Eye tumors are difficult to treat because drugs often struggle to reach tumor tissue without damaging healthy structures of the eye. A new review published in Biofunctional Materials summarizes how nanomaterials—extremely small, engineered particles—could improve both the diagnosis and treatment of eye cancers. The authors highlight recent advances, key challenges, and future directions for using nanotechnology to achieve safer and more precise eye tumor care. Treating tumors inside the eye presents unique challenges. The eye is a small and highly sensitive organ, protected by biological barriers that limit drug penetration. While ...

Perovskite solar cells have garnered widespread attention as a low-cost, high-efficiency alternative to conventional silicon photovoltaics. However, defects in perovskite films impede charge transport, resulting in energy loss and compromised operational stability. One solution to this problem is "passivation treatment"—a process that adds chemicals such as simple salts or organic molecules to the film. These small molecules or ions latch onto defects in the perovskite material, preventing the defects from interfering with electrical flow. Unfortunately, verifying the internal efficacyof various passivation ...

A research team led by Prof. Jihong Yu and Prof. Wenfu Yan (Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry) recently developed a potassium-based Cu-SSZ-39 catalyst (Cu-SSZ-39-K) with an increased concentration of Al in the 8-memberedrings. This design promotes the formation of more [Cu(OH)]+-Z species, resulting in nearly double the NOx conversion at 150-225°C and excellent retention of activity after hydrothermal ageing at 800°C. The work was published ...

In the realm of modern medicine, RNA-based therapies have emerged as a promising avenue, with significant advancements in metabolic diseases, oncology, and preventive vaccines. A recent article published in Engineering titled “The Future of AI-Driven RNA Drug Development” by Yilin Yan, Tianyu Wu, Honglin Li, Yang Tang, and Feng Qian, explores how artificial intelligence (AI) can revolutionize RNA drug development, addressing current limitations and offering new opportunities for innovation.   The article highlights ...

Platinum-ruthenium (PtRu) alloys are notable for their catalytic activity and durability in the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). However, the mechanisms behind their superior performance compared to pure Pt are not fully understood. Research has identified many factors influencing HOR activity, including initial hydrogen binding energy, OH affinity driving the bifunctional mechanism, and factors like hydrogen bond (H-bond) network rigidity, connectivity, and interfacial water orientation. These complexities of the interfacial catalytic reaction present significant challenges in understanding the underlying mechanisms and achieving more precise enhancements ...

Full news release Dalian, China-Sulfur, long feared as a “poison” that shuts down precious metal catalysts, can actually help them work better when used in just the right way, according to new research published in Chinese Journal of Catalysis. A team led by Prof. Yunjie Ding at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences andProf. Xueqing Gong at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, has shown that a tiny, carefully tuned amount of sulfur can boost the speed and robustness of a key industrial reaction by up to twofold. The reaction, called hydroformylation, adds carbon monoxide and hydrogen to simple molecules ...

Matías Gómez-Corrales, a recent biological sciences Ph.D. graduate from the University of Rhode Island, and his advisor, Associate Professor Carlos Prada, have published a paper in Nature Communications, revealing key mechanisms in speciation in corals and proposing a new hypothesis on the origin of species in the ocean.  Their new study examines how coral species form and contributes to long-standing questions in evolutionary biology about how marine biodiversity originates. The work builds on decades of ecological, reproductive, ...

A team of materials scientists has developed a new bio based carbon material that can store thermal energy more efficiently while preventing one of the most persistent problems in phase change materials leakage during melting. The study demonstrates how carbon derived from chitin, a natural polymer found in crustacean shells and fungi, can stabilize heat storing compounds and improve their performance for energy applications. Phase change materials store and release heat as they melt and solidify, making them attractive for applications such as building temperature regulation, solar energy storage, and electronic thermal management. However, many organic phase change materials suffer ...

Nitrate pollution has become one of the most widespread water quality challenges in intensively farmed regions around the world, threatening drinking water safety, aquatic ecosystems, and downstream lakes. A new study published in Nitrogen Cycling reveals how human activities in rural urban transition zones are reshaping the nitrogen cycle, allowing nitrate to move through rivers and groundwater and ultimately reach large freshwater lakes. The research focuses on the rural urban ecotone of the Yangtze River Delta in eastern China, an area where agriculture, ...

Plastic pollution does more than litter landscapes and oceans. According to a new perspective article published in Biocontaminant, viruses living on plastic surfaces may play an underrecognized role in spreading antibiotic resistance, raising concerns for environmental and public health worldwide. When plastics enter natural environments, they quickly become coated with microbial biofilms known as the plastisphere. These plastic associated communities are already known hotspots for antibiotic resistance ...

CLEVELAND, Ohio – Three pediatric faculty members and leaders from University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children’s (UH Rainbow) have been elected to membership in the American Pediatric Society (APS), one of the nation’s most distinguished academic pediatric organizations. The newly elected APS members include: Michael S. Dell, MD, Vice Chair for Education, UH Rainbow, Professor of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) School of Medicine, and Morris S. Dixon, Jr., MD Chair in Global Child Health, UH Rainbow Ross E. Myers, MD, Director of the Pediatric Residency Program, UH Rainbow and UH Cleveland Medical Center, Professor of Pediatrics, CWRU ...

A new study published in Engineering presents novel resilience models for assessing and quantifying the recovery of tunnels after earthquakes. The research, conducted by a team from Tongji University, Brunel University of London, and University College London, offers a probabilistic approach to predict tunnel recovery, providing valuable insights for infrastructure operators and city planners.   Tunnels are critical components of urban infrastructure, continuously exposed to various hazards, ...

The integration of satellite communication systems with terrestrial networks is emerging as a crucial solution to achieve seamless global connectivity in the evolving landscape of 5G and future 6G networks. A recent article published in Engineering titled “Evolution of Satellite Communication Systems Toward 5G/6G for 2030 and Beyond” provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements, challenges, and future directions in this domain.   According to the article, terrestrial networks (TNs) have ...

In the rapidly evolving landscape of satellite technologies, a novel concept known as space computing power networks (Space-CPN) is emerging as a potential solution to address the growing demands for efficient data processing and transmission in space-based applications. A recent article published in Engineering titled “Space Computing Power Networks: Fundamentals and Techniques” delves into the intricacies and potential of Space-CPN, highlighting its ability to integrate communication and computation capabilities across various types of satellites.   Over the past few decades, satellite technologies ...

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine say results of a new National Institutes of Health-funded study are advancing efforts to exploit a new target for Alzheimer’s disease: a protein that manufactures an important gas in the brain. Experiments conducted in genetically engineered mice reinforce that the protein, Cystathionine γ-lyase, or CSE — ordinarily known for producing hydrogen sulfide gas responsible for the foul smell of rotten eggs — is critical for memory formation, says Bindu Paul, M.S., Ph.D., associate professor of pharmacology, ...

The rise of private equity firms investing in health care facilities across the United States has been exploding in the last decade. Because of that rapid growth, researchers have been digging into what this could mean for health care and patients in the long term. In recent years, private equity firms have become more active in the fertility space, where many patients seek care for reproductive issues and pursue in vitro fertilization, or IVF, which costs thousands of dollars, and usually isn’t covered by insurance. James ...

Current Molecular Pharmacology (CMP), a peer-reviewed international journal dedicated to publishing cutting-edge advances in cellular and molecular pharmacology, is proud to announce a major achievement: its 2025 real-time CiteScore has advanced to an outstanding 7.2. This milestone reflects the journal's growing impact and commitment to excellence in the field. CMP focuses on critical areas of modern pharmacology, including the mechanisms of action of novel drugs, advancements in pharmacological technologies (such as high-throughput screening, AI-driven drug discovery, and nanotechnology), and the application of genomics, proteomics, ...

“This study introduces the skeletal muscle epigenetic clocks in an Asian population using postmortem skeletal muscle tissue.” BUFFALO, NY — December 30, 2025 — A new research paper was published in Volume 17, Issue 11 of Aging-US on November 26, 2025, titled “Epigenetic aging signatures and age prediction in human skeletal muscle.” In this study, first author Soo-Bin Yang and corresponding author Hwan Young Lee from Seoul National University College of Medicine investigated ...

Social media posts about unemployment can predict official jobless claims up to two weeks before government data is released, according to a study. Unemployment can be tough, and people often post about it online. Sam Fraiberger and colleagues developed an artificial intelligence model that identifies unemployment disclosures on social media. Data from 31.5 million Twitter users posting between 2020 and 2022 was used to train a transformer-based classifier called JoblessBERT to detect unemployment-related posts, even those that featured slang or misspellings, ...

A popular vision of life after climate action looks like vegetarians riding bikes, city centers without cars, and people foregoing air travel. But a paper published in Nature Sustainability finds that climate policies targeting lifestyle changes (say, urban car bans) actually may weaken people’s green values, thereby undermining support for other needed environmental policies. “Policies don’t just spur a target behavior. We find that they can change people’s underlying values: leading to unintended negative effects, but also possibly cultivating green values,” says SFI Complexity Postdoctoral ...