A team of researchers, affiliated with UNIST has made a groundbreaking advancement in improving the efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells, which are gaining significant attention as eco-friendly next-generation energy sources. Led by Professor Myoung Soo Lah in the Department of Chemistry at UNIST, the team successfully developed solid electrolyte materials utilizing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). This innovative approach significantly enhances the conductivity of hydrogen ions within the solid electrolyte employed in hydrogen fuel cells. Furthermore, the research team ...

The cellular protein heparanase plays an important role in allowing diseases, including viruses and cancers, to spread within our bodies. For this reason, researchers investigating a wide range of diseases are eager to find an effective heparanase inhibitor.  Scientists from the University of Illinois Chicago, along with colleagues at the University of Georgia and Utrecht University in the Netherlands, found a molecule effective at inhibiting heparanase activity related to the herpes simplex virus and reduced the spread of the virus when tested on human cells. The new research is published in Angewandte ...

Underwater imaging plays a critical role in many fields such as marine exploration, oceanographic engineering, environmental protection and identifying dangerous objects on the ocean floor. However, in turbid or turbulent waters, image quality is often severely degraded due to the complexities of the underwater environment and equipment limitations. Underwater captured images often suffer from contrast loss because light is scattered and absorbed as it travels in water, resulting in major degradation of detail and distorted or blurred images. A new invention about the size of a ...

COLUMBUS, Ohio – Using artificial intelligence applications to help craft a message to a friend is not a good idea – at least if your friend finds out about the use of AI, a new study suggests.   Researchers found that people in the study perceived that a fictional friend who used AI assistance to write them a message didn’t put forth as much effort as a friend who wrote a message themselves.   That perception may be understandable, but the effect goes beyond the message itself, said Bingjie Liu, lead author of the study and assistant professor of communication at The Ohio State University.   “After ...

About The Study: In this dose-response meta-analysis that included nine randomized clinical trials and 2,980 patients, compared with placebo, gefapixant (45 mg orally twice daily) led to modest improvements in cough frequency, cough severity, and cough-specific quality of life but increased taste-related adverse events. Authors: Imran Satia, M.D., Ph.D., of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, is the corresponding author. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18035) Editor’s Note: Please ...

RICHLAND, Wash. – In a set of sharing experiments, Spanish-speaking Latino preschoolers were more likely to choose options that would be more generous to others, even over a more equal sharing choice. Their English-speaking peers in the Washington State University study more often chose the most competitive option, one that advantaged themselves over others. The most competitive among that group were English-speaking Latino children, a finding that the researchers believe may reflect their desire to transition ...

New York, September 11, 2023 – Scientists have long suspected two species of sea stars—commonly referred to as starfish—along rocky European and North American coastlines of crossbreeding in the cool waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. Now, according to recently analyzed genomic data, hybrid starfish are living and thriving, from the shores of New England to the Canadian Maritimes. A new study, published in the journal Molecular Ecology, presents genomic evidence of hybridization between two closely related species of sea stars– Asterias rubens, the common starfish, and Asterias forbesi, known as Forbes’ sea ...

Clinicians treating cancer-related pain must consider whether and how to prescribe opioids to patients who use nonmedical stimulants such as cocaine and methamphetamines; however, no guidelines exist related to these common and challenging situations. In a new study, palliative care and addiction experts deemed it appropriate to continue opioids, increase monitoring, and avoid opioid tapering in such patients. The results are published by Wiley online in CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society. Using opioids and nonmedical stimulants ...

Sorghum bran has much higher levels of some essential amino acids and minerals needed for human health and development than a whole grain or dehulled sorghum flour, researchers from the University of Johannesburg have found. Sorghum bran packs a calcium, magnesium, leucine and valine punch much higher than the whole grain flour. The climate-resilient gluten-free grain also holds its own on macro – and micronutrients compared to the biggest grains produced worldwide. Dr Janet Adebo and Dr Hema Kesa investigated and compared the nutritional quality and functional properties of the different ...

1.Background and objectives The Ministry of the Environment of Japan, the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency are jointly promoting the GOSAT series, a series of Earth observation satellites whose main purpose is to observe greenhouse gases from space; the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) launched in January 2009 and GOSAT-2 launched in October 2018 are currently in operation, and the Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW) is planned to be launched in Japan’s FY2024. NIES is responsible for developing ...

Annual hospital admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Canada increased 69% since 2002, especially in females and people under age 65, according to new research in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.221051. COPD affects the lungs and progresses, resulting in frequent hospitalization, burdening patients, families and health care systems. It has been viewed as a condition usually associated with male smokers. "With increasing ...

Using laser light, researchers have developed the most robust method currently known to control individual qubits made of the chemical element barium. The ability to reliably control a qubit is an important achievement for realizing future functional quantum computers. This new method, developed at the University of Waterloo’s Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC), uses a small glass waveguide to separate laser beams and focus them four microns apart, about four-hundredths of the width of a single human hair. The precision and extent to which each focused laser beam on its target qubit can be controlled in parallel ...

(Singapore – 10:05 a.m. SGT--September 11, 2023) – Osimertinib plus chemotherapy demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful progression-free survival benefit compared to osimertinib alone, according to research presented today at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Singapore. The FLAURA2 study was led by Dr. Pasi A. Jänne from the Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Mass. Osimertinib, a potent third-generation EGFR-TKI with central nervous system activity, has garnered attention for its targeted ...

(Singapore, September 11, 2023, 10:05 a.m. SGT) – Extended pleurectomy decortication combined with chemotherapy is associated with worse survival outcomes, a higher incidence of serious adverse events, and a diminished quality of life compared to platinum and pemetrexed chemotherapy alone, according to research presented today the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Singapore. The UK Multicentre Randomised Trial, known as MARS 2, conducted by a team led by Professor  Eric ...

(Singapore – 10:05 a.m. SGT--September 11, 2023) – A modified adenocarcinoma classification approach significantly enhances reproducibility and may be an improvement on the existing World Health Organization classification system, according to research unveiled at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Singapore. The study, led by Dr. Erik Thunnissen, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ...

First-ever National Screening Program to Consider Family History (Singapore – 10:05 a.m. SGT--September 11, 2023) – The Taiwan National Lung Cancer Early Detection Program detected 85 percent of lung cancer cases at either a phase 0 or phase 1 level, demonstrating that lung cancer screening can detect lung cancer at an early enough phase to allow doctors to intervene more effectively. The results of the program were presented by Pan-Chyr Yang, MD, PhD from the National Taiwan University Hospital, at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2023 World Conference ...

[Singapore, 10:05 a.m. SGT--September 11, 2023] – Adding perioperative durvalumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not adversely impact surgery in patients with resectable NSCLC and was associated with a tolerable surgical safety profile, according to research presented today from the phase 3 AEGEAN trial at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Singapore. "The AEGEAN trial demonstrated a clinically meaningful improvement in EFS ...

Milan, Italy: People suffering with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) can reduce their risk of dying from cardiovascular disease if they use a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine at night, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress in Milan, Italy [1].   CPAP may also work better than a weight loss drug in reducing the build-up of plaque in the arteries around the heart, according to a pilot study also presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress [2].   People with OSA often snore loudly, their breathing starts and stops during the night, and they may ...

Milan, Italy: Young children growing up in towns and cities suffer from more respiratory infections than those who grow up in the countryside, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress in Milan, Italy [1].   A second study, presented at the Congress and published in Pediatric Pulmonology today (Monday) [2], shows that factors such as attending day care, living in a damp home or near dense traffic increase the risk of chest infections in young children, while breastfeeding reduces the risk.   Researchers say that some children, who are otherwise healthy, can suffer with repeated infections, so it is important to understand why ...

Milan, Italy: Babies and young children with more mature communities of bacteria present in their gut are less likely to develop allergy-related wheezing or asthma, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress in Milan, Italy [1].   These communities of bacteria, known as microbiota, develop in the human body during the early years of life and are involved in processes that are helpful to the body, such as synthesising vitamins and boosting the immune system, or occasionally unhelpful, such as the role they play ...

About The Study: Among individuals with uncontrolled hypertension in this randomized clinical trial that included 200 participants, use of lorundrostat was effective at lowering blood pressure compared with placebo, which will require further confirmatory studies. Authors: Steven E. Nissen, M.D., of the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, is the corresponding author. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jama.2023.16029) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional ...

[Singapore -- 10:35 a.m. SGT--September 10, 2023] - The combination of benmelstobart, anlotinib, and chemotherapy demonstrated significant benefits compared to placebo and chemotherapy in terms of median progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. The research was presented today at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Singapore. Extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer is a challenging malignancy to treat, ...

[Singapore -- 10:35 a.m. SGT--September 10, 2023] -- Identifying and analyzing volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma showed promise as a screening method for MPM, according to research presented today at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Singapore. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a challenging disease with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. To improve ...

[Singapore -- 10:35 a.m. SGT--September 10, 2023) -- The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) World Conference on Lung Cancer 2023 in Singapore is set to witness a monumental breakthrough in the field of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Research findings from the CheckMate 227 trial will be presented, shedding light on the extraordinary six-year survival and quality of life benefits associated with first-line nivolumab + ipilimumab therapy. CheckMate 227 Part 1 showed that a combination ...

[Singapore -- 10:35 a.m. SGT--September 10, 2023] — The oral, selective KRAS G12C inhibitor  The oral, selective KRAS G12C inhibitor  KRAS-G12C inhibitor adagrasib demonstrated durable clinical activity, with a median overall survival of 14.1 months and approximately one in three patients alive at two years, according to research presented today at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Singapore.   KRAS-G12C mutations occur in approximately 14% of patients with NSCLC. The KRYSTAL-1 study, a multi-cohort Phase 1/2 trial, evaluated adagrasib as a monotherapy or in combination for patients with KRAS-G12C-mutated ...