Some 4.6 billion years ago, Earth was nothing like the gentle blue planet we know today. Frequent and violent celestial impacts churned its surface and interior into a seething ocean of magma—an environment so extreme that liquid water could not exist, leaving the entire planet resembling an inferno. Since 70% of Earth's surface is now covered in oceans, the mystery of how water was survived and preserved in our planet from an early molten to a mostly solid state,  has long been a subject of scientific study. Recently, a team of researchers led by Prof. DU Zhixue from the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (GIGCAS) ...

University of California San Diego researchers have discovered the enzyme responsible for chromothripsis, a process in which a single chromosome is shattered into pieces and rearranged in a scrambled order, allowing cancer cells to rapidly evolve and become resistant to treatment. Since its discovery more than a decade ago, chromothripsis has emerged as a major driver of cancer progression and treatment resistance, but scientists haven’t learned what causes it. Now, UC San Diego scientists have solved this longstanding mystery in cancer biology, opening up new possibilities for treating ...

In a discovery that’s fit for a movie, Northwestern University astronomers have directly imaged a Tatooine-like exoplanet, orbiting two suns. While obtaining an image of a planet beyond our solar system is already rare, finding one that circles two suns is even rarer. But this new world is extra exceptional. It hugs its twin stars more tightly than any other directly imaged planet in a binary system. In fact, it is six times closer to its suns than other previously discovered exoplanets.  The discovery provides an unprecedented look at how planets move and form around ...

Over the past 50 years the lyrics of popular songs in the USA have become simpler, more negative, and contain more stress-related words, according to an analysis published in Scientific Reports. The authors suggest that their findings reflect the complex ways people use music to navigate stress Maurício Martins and colleagues analysed the lyrics of the top 100 most popular English-language songs in the United States each week between 1973 and 2023 (20,186 songs), according to the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The authors found that, in general, the lyrics of popular songs have become ...

Killer whales or orca (Orcinus orca) have been observed hunting with Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) in the waters off British Columbia, Canada and sharing fish scraps with them after making a kill, according to research published in Scientific Reports. The authors suggest that the findings represent the first documented recording of cooperative hunting between orca and dolphins. Pacific white-sided dolphins are often seen hunting along the coastline of British Columbia ...

Toronto, ON, December 11, 2025 – Annual prescriptions for drugs to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) increased 157 percent in Ontario from 2015 to 2023, according to a new study from researchers at ICES, North York General, and The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids).  ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects approximately 1.6 to 5 percent of people worldwide. Stimulant medications such as amphetamines are often prescribed to treat the symptoms of ADHD and can lead to ...

Leading synthetic biologists have shared hard-won lessons from their decade-long quest to build the world's first synthetic eukaryotic genome in a Nature Biotechnology paper out today. Their insights could accelerate development of the next generation of engineered organisms, from climate-resilient crops to custom-built cell factories. "We've assembled a comprehensive overview of the literature on how to build a life form where we review what went right – but also what went wrong," says Dr Paige Erpf, lead author of the paper and postdoctoral researcher at Macquarie University's School of Natural Sciences and the Australian ...

A new Ontario-based study has found a significant rise in prescriptions for stimulant medications used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), particularly among adults and females. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, calls for better clinical guidance to help ensure those medications are prescribed appropriately, and to help prevent possible adverse health effects, such as heart conditions.  ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects attention and impulse control, impacting about five per cent of the population.  Researchers from The ...

About The Study: As of 2023, approximately one-third of U.S. adults met criteria for metabolic syndrome, with overall prevalence showing no significant change between 2013 and 2023. Even though most individual metabolic syndrome components remained largely stable over the past decade, elevation in triglycerides demonstrated a modest increase. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Shady Abohashem, MD, MPH, email sabohashem@mgh.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website ...

About The Study: This population-based, repeated cross-sectional study identified increases in stimulant prescribing, accelerating in 2020, particularly among females and individuals ages 18 to 64. The findings are consistent with prior research in commercially insured U.S. populations; however, this population-wide study reveals a broader and more accelerated increase in stimulant prescribing. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Daniel T. Myran, MD, MPH, email dmyran@ohri.ca. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The ...

Our nerve cells are surrounded by a protective layer (myelin). This protective layer allows signals to pass between cells incredibly quickly. But what happens when this layer goes missing from cells that transfer signals over longer distances? Maarten Kole’s research group studied this question in mice, looking specifically at nerve fibres travelling from the brain’s outer layer to the thalamus, a crucial switching station deep in the middle of the brain.  Processing sensory information involves continuous communication between the brain’s outer layer (cerebral cortex) and the thalamus. Such an exchange, for example, ...

Insilico Medicine has licensed TaiGen Biotechnology exclusive rights in the Greater China area to develop, commercialize, and sub-license ISM4808, an AI-driven potential best-in-class oral PHD inhibitor with IND clearance granted in 2023.  The partnership combines Insilico’s generative AI discovery platform with TaiGen’s regional clinical and commercial expertise to accelerate the development of ISM4808 for the treatment of Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).    Shanghai and Taipei, December 12, 2025 --- Insilico ...

A research team led by Professor Chulong Zhang at the College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, China, investigated dominant endophytic fungi of the order Pleosporales isolated from Poaceae plants collected in Yunnan, Zhejiang, and Inner Mongolia, China. The study, published in Mycology, combined multi-locus phylogenetic analyses with morphological observations to resolve taxonomy and species limits among key pleosporalean endophytes of grasses.   The analysis confirmed that the family Didymosphaeriaceae forms a strongly supported monophyletic group. Within this lineage, the researchers identified multiple well-supported clades corresponding ...

The interaction between genetics and tissue environment shapes how individual teeth form in different regions of the jaw. While most experimental studies have focused on mandibular (lower jaw) teeth, little was known about how human maxillary (upper jaw) and mandibular teeth diverge at the molecular level during early development.   In a new study published in Oral Science and Homeostatic Medicine, a collaborative team from Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology performed a RNA-sequencing analysis of human fetal tooth germs at the cap stage (11–12 post-conception ...

Researchers using NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope have detected the strongest evidence yet for an atmosphere on a rocky planet outside our solar system. Observations of the ultra-hot super-Earth TOI-561 b suggest the exoplanet is surrounded by a thick blanket of gases above a global magma ocean. Publishing their findings today (11 Dec) in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, researchers say that the results help to explain the planet’s unusually low density and challenge the prevailing wisdom that relatively small planets so close ...

WASHINGTON — Researchers have developed a precision magnetometer based on a special material that changes optical properties in response to a magnetic field. The device, which is integrated onto a chip, could benefit space missions, navigation and biomedical applications. High-precision magnetometers are used to measure the strength and direction of magnetic fields for various applications. However, many of today’s magnetometers must operate at extremely low temperatures — close to 0 kelvin — or require relatively large and heavy apparatus, which significantly restricts their practicality. “Our device operates at room temperature and can be fully integrated ...

CHICAGO—December 11, 2025—Philip R. Troyk, director of the Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering at Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech), has been elected a 2025 fellow of the National Academy of Inventors (NAI). The NAI Fellowship is the highest professional distinction awarded solely to inventors, and Troyk is one of 169 inventors from the United States selected for this distinguished honor this year. “As an Illinois Tech faculty member, I am pleased to receive this honor and hope ...

The National Academy of Inventors (NAI) has elected the newest class of Fellows, naming 169 U.S. distinguished academic and institutional inventors and 16 International Fellows to the 2025 cohort. Explore the full list of 2025 Fellows here. NAI Fellowship is the highest professional distinction awarded solely to inventors. Together, the 2025 class hold more than 5,300 U.S. patents and include recipients of the Nobel Prize, the National Medals of Science and Technology & Innovation, and members of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, among others. This year’s 169 U.S. Fellows represent ...

A new study published in AI Materials presents a comprehensive multi-scale computational framework capable of predicting the mechanical responses of Fe–Cr–Al alloys while incorporating both solid-solution effects and processing-induced microstructural evolution. By coupling Molecular Dynamics (MD), Phase-Field Method (PFM), and Finite Element Method (FEM) through a temperature-dependent crystal plasticity model, the work provides a pathway for quantitatively linking composition, microstructure, and mechanical performance within the broader context of the Materials Genome Initiative. Why This Matters Fe–Cr–Al alloys are among the leading candidates for accident-tolerant ...

  SAN ANTONIO – Preoperative radiation improved T-cell infiltration (TCI) in patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer when administered in combination with pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and chemotherapy and led to improved treatment responses prior to surgery, according to the results of the phase II P-RAD clinical trial presented at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS), held December 9-12, 2025. “Many patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer—the most common type of breast cancer—experience late recurrences, and there is a critical need to improve ...

SAN ANTONIO – Patients with stage 1 or 2, hormone receptor (HR)-negative breast cancer had similar five-year rates of locoregional recurrence whether or not they underwent preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in addition to diagnostic mammography to determine the extent of their cancer, according to results from the phase III Alliance A011104/ACRIN 6694 clinical trial presented at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS), held December 9-12, 2025. Breast MRI is commonly included as part of the diagnostic workup of breast cancer ...

SAN ANTONIO – Skipping sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in patients with clinically node-negative, hormonal receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer did not compromise regional control or survival after a median five years of follow-up, according to results from the BOOG 2013-08 phase III clinical trial, presented at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS), held December 9-12, 2025. “Over the past two decades, breast cancer care has shifted toward minimizing invasiveness while preserving oncologic safety,” said Marjolein Smidt, MD, PhD, presenter of this study and professor at the Maastricht University Medical Center ...

PULLMAN, Wash. -- It isn’t just people – when given the chance rats may also use cannabis to cope with stress, according to a study by researchers at Washington State University. Published in the journal Neuropsychopharmacology, the study was designed to examine cannabis-seeking behavior and found that rats with higher natural stress levels are far more likely to self-administer the popular recreational drug. "We ran rats through this extensive battery of behavioral and biological tests, and what we found was that when we look at all of these different factors and all the variables that we measured, stress ...

As Americans gear up for the holiday season, new research offers a timely reminder to reflect on the long-term health effects of raising a celebratory glass – or two. Alcohol is known to increase the risk of several cancers even at moderate levels. Yet drinking remains widespread, and important questions persist about how both the frequency and amount of alcohol people consume shape their cancer risk. Moreover, risks differ across groups, and existing alcohol policies rarely emphasize their link to cancer. To help close these critical gaps, researchers from Florida Atlantic University’s Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, conducted a comprehensive systematic ...

Ever notice that as you get older, some foods no longer sit with you the same? This could be due to a breakdown of the intestinal epithelium, a single layer of cells that forms the organ’s lining. The intestine plays a crucial role in many health functions, including digestion. Under normal conditions, the entire intestinal epithelium typically regenerates every three to five days. However, with damage from old age or cancer radiation, regeneration can stop or slow. That can lead to inflammation and diseases like leaky gut syndrome. Now, Cold Spring ...