About The Study: In patients with overweight/obesity and/or diabetes, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP1-RA) treatment is not associated with increased risk of psychiatric adverse events or worsening depressive symptoms relative to placebo and is associated with improvements in quality of life, restrained eating, and emotional eating behavior. These findings provide reassurance regarding the psychiatric safety profile of GLP1-RAs and suggest that GLP1-RA treatment contributes to both physical and emotional well-being. Corresponding Authors: To contact the corresponding authors, email Aureliane C. S. Pierret, ...

About The Study: In this cross-sectional study of cannabis use in veterans ages 65 to 84, use was common, and more than one-third who used in the past 30 days had any cannabis use disorder. The prevalence of past 30-day cannabis use was close to tobacco use prevalence, and risk factors for cannabis use were similar to those observed in other populations. Frequent and inhaled cannabis use was associated with higher odds of any cannabis use disorder. Routine health screening for cannabis use in Veterans Health Administration clinical settings is necessary ...

A first-of-its-kind study in Nature finds that with bold and coordinated policy choices—across emissions, diets, food waste, and water and nitrogen efficiency—humanity could, by 2050, bring global environmental pressures back to levels seen in 2015. This shift would move us much closer to a future in which people around the world can live well within the Earth’s limits. “Our results show that it is possible to steer back toward safer limits, but only with decisive, systemic change,” says lead author Prof Detlef Van Vuuren, a researcher at Utrecht University and the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). The ...

We've all heard that carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions need urgent solutions, but what if we could turn this greenhouse gas into useful chemicals or fuels? Electrochemical CO2 conversion—the process of transforming carbon dioxide into valuable products—is a promising path toward greener energy and reducing emissions. The catch? Existing methods either don't last long or consume too much energy, limiting their real-world use. Low-temperature CO2 conversion, for instance, typically lasts less than 100 hours and reaches efficiencies below 35%. The process can be more practical at higher temperatures—between 600 and 1,000 degrees Celsius—but ...

The South Asian Summer Monsoon (SASM) is the world’s most significant monsoon system, providing approximately 80% of the region’s annual rainfall—influencing agriculture, water security, and the livelihoods of over a billion people across the Indian Peninsula, the western Indochina Peninsula, and the southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Due to the monsoon’s broad effects on the region, making accurate projections of its dynamics under climate warming is crucial. However, current projections—that SASM rainfall ...

Coral larvae are picky about where they attach and settle down. One of the ways they decide is by “smelling” chemicals in the water that are associated with healthy reefs.  Now, researchers at UC San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography and Jacobs School of Engineering have developed a gel using nano-particles that slowly release some of coral larvae’s favorite “smells.” When the researchers applied the gel, called SNAP-X, to surfaces in lab experiments it increased coral ...

Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) and the Royal Veterinary College of London have worked together on a pioneering project worldwide to generate 3D reconstructions of the hearts of different animals and simulations of their blood flow using advanced computational techniques to date only applied to humans. So far, 3D images of cats’ hearts have been generated, but soon the same will be done for dogs, pigs and sheep. The project focuses on reconstructing the animals’ left atrium, the part of the heart where thrombi (or blood clots) that can lead to a heart attack ...

OAK BROOK, Ill. – In a new special report, researchers address the cybersecurity challenges of large language models (LLMs) and the importance of implementing security measures to prevent LLMs from being used maliciously in the health care system. The special report was published today in Radiology: Artificial Intelligence, a journal of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). LLMs, such as OpenAI’s GPT-4 and Google’s Gemini, are a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that can understand and generate ...

Newly discovered evidence of Australia’s earliest species of tree frog challenges what we know about when Australian and South American frogs parted ways on the evolutionary tree. Previously, scientists believed Australian and South American tree frogs separated from each other about 33 million years ago. But in a study published today in Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology, palaeontologists from UNSW Sydney say the new species, Litoria tylerantiqua, is now at about 55 million years old, ...

New Haven, Conn. — The 2025 Gruber Genetics Prize is being awarded to geneticist and molecular biologist Rotem Sorek, Ph.D., of the Weizmann Institute of Science, for his discoveries in the immune system of bacteria. Using a novel approach that combined computational approaches with an experimental system, Sorek and his colleagues conducted wide scale screens of tens of thousands of bacterial genomes, identifying an astounding number of defense systems used against infection by viruses called phages. This led to ...

New Haven, Conn. — The 2025 Gruber Foundation Cosmology Prize recognizes Ryan Cooke and Max Pettini both for their determination of a key value in the composition of the universe moments after it came into existence and for perfecting the method that allowed them to make that measurement. Cooke and Pettini will equally share the $500,000 award and each will receive a gold laureate pin at a ceremony that will take place later this year. The citation honors them for “bringing the light element abundances and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) into the realm of precision cosmology.” BBN is a theoretical model of the nuclear reactions in the first ...

New Haven, Conn. — The 2025 Gruber Neuroscience Prize will be awarded to Edward F. Chang, MD, of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), in recognition of his pioneering research uncovering how the human brain enables speech. His work has not only revealed how the brain encodes the sounds and movements of spoken language, but has also led to the development of the first successful speech neuroprosthesis to restore communication in individuals with paralysis. Dr. Chang’s research stands out for both its technical sophistication and its profound clinical impact. It combines high-precision ...

From the IU Innovation and Commercialization Office Most dental offices are independent practices and often don’t have access to a patient’s medical history. For providing dental care, it is critical that dentists have up-to-date medical and medication histories of their patients to reduce risk during procedures and ensure the success of the treatment. Thankam Thyvalikakath, DMD, MDS, PhD, professor and associate dean of dental informatics and digital health at the IU Indianapolis School of Dentistry and research scientist at the Regenstrief Institute, and Shuning Li, PhD, M.S., M.S., an assistant research scientist at the IU Indianapolis ...

Postpartum maternal mental health and mother-to-infant bonding are well-established as critical factors in a child’s psychosocial development. However, few studies have explored the combined impact of postpartum maternal depression and early bonding experiences on emotional and behavioral difficulties during middle childhood. A new study reveals significant associations between postpartum depression, mother-to-infant bonding, and child difficulties. Notably, secure early bonding was found to partially buffer the long-term effects of postpartum depression on child outcomes. The development ...

Background and objectives Escalating antimicrobial resistance is a global threat, emphasizing the need to explore alternative treatment options. Hence, we aimed to explore the in-vitro activity of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) in clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Methods This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted at the Microbiology Department of Indus Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2023 to October 2024. Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative rods isolated from clinical specimens received from the outpatient, emergency, and inpatient departments were included. Consecutive, ...

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations represent some of the most pivotal genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), influencing disease biology, risk stratification, and treatment response. This review highlights the structural, functional, and clinical aspects of FLT3 mutations, emphasizing the transformative role of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in mutation detection, measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring, and precision therapy. Introduction FLT3 encodes a receptor tyrosine ...

Scientists at Northwestern University have developed a new approach that directly combats the progression of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).  In these devastating illnesses, proteins misfold and clump together around brain cells, which ultimately leads to cell death. The innovative new treatment effectively traps the proteins before they can aggregate into the toxic structures capable of penetrating neurons. The trapped proteins then harmlessly degrade in the body. The “clean-up” strategy significantly ...

When biting into a chili pepper, you expect a fiery sensation on your tongue. This spiciness is detected because of capsaicinoid compounds. But for some peppers, despite high levels of capsaicinoids, the heat is mysteriously dull. Now, researchers reporting in ACS’ Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry have identified three compounds that lessen peppers’ pungency. These results challenge the reliability of the century-old Scoville scale, which traditionally bases its rating on two capsaicinoids. “The discovery of natural dietary compounds that reduce pungency presents promising opportunities ...

New Haven, Conn. — Apples-to-apples comparisons in the distant universe are hard to come by. Whether the subject is dwarf galaxies, supermassive black holes, or “hot Jupiters,” astronomers can spend months or years searching for comparable objects and formations to study. And it is rarer still when those objects are side-by-side. But a new Yale study offers a road map for finding “twin” planetary systems — showing whether binary stars that orbit each other, and that were born at the same time and place, tend to host similar ...

[Strasbourg, 14 May 2025] The “How Equitable Is It?” tool, designed to assess the equity of scholarly communication models, has been officially launched today in its updated version following a comprehensive review of community feedback. Originally introduced as a beta version in September 2024 at the OASPA conference, this refined version of the tool incorporates significant improvements based on input from across the scholarly publishing ecosystem. Developed by a multi-stakeholder Working Group, comprising librarians, ...

New data from a national project led by McGill University researchers shows that redesigning youth mental health services can significantly cut wait times and connect more young people to care. The ACCESS Open Minds project was launched in 2014 to address gaps in access to quality mental health care, especially for Indigenous, remote and underserved communities. Findings published in Jama Psychiatry provide the first assessment of the program’s outcomes across Canada. “We focused on transforming existing programs in clinics, schools and youth centres to make them more accessible, youth-friendly and culturally appropriate,” said ...

New research by ESMT Berlin and the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) shows that private equity (PE) acquisitions lead to substantial operational efficiency gains in hospitals, challenging common public concerns. The study reveals that hospitals acquired by PE firms significantly reduce costs and administrative staff without increasing closure rates or harming patient care.    The paper “Private Equity in the Hospital Industry” is co-authored by Merih Sevilir (ESMT and Halle Institute for Economic Research), Janet Gao (McDonough School of Business, Georgetown), and Yongseok Kim (Freeman School of Business, ...

Research Highlights: The risk of death or complications from the stress-related heart condition associated with stressful events, such as the death of a loved one — called Takotsubo cardiomyopathy or broken heart syndrome — was high and unchanged from 2016 to 2020, according to data from a national study that included nearly 200,000 U.S. adults. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was found to be more common in women in this analysis. However, men with the condition were twice as likely to die. The rate of complications, such as heart failure, atrial fibrillation, ...

Global warming is already very tough for animals in the wild, but it may be toughest for creatures like fish, whose body temperatures are controlled by the water temperatures around them. Fish have to evolve to handle higher water temperatures, if they can’t move to areas with colder water.  But what if adapting to warmer water has other unwanted consequences? In a new publication in Nature Climate Change, researchers looked at zebrafish that they had specially bred over 7 generations to tolerate ...

Researchers at the University of Tokyo and their collaborators have developed a digital laboratory system that fully automates the material synthesis and the structural and physical property evaluation of thin-film samples. With the digital laboratory, or dLab, the team can autonomously synthesize thin-film samples and measure their material properties. The system demonstrates advanced automatic and autonomous material synthesis for data- and robot-driven materials science. The current research is published in the journal Digital Discovery. Machine learning, robotics and data are deemed vital to the discovery of ...