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Science

Initial prescriptions of sedatives among older stroke survivors may include too many pills

Research Highlights: Within 90 days after having an ischemic (clot-caused) stroke, about 5% of stroke survivors ages 65 and older were prescribed benzodiazepines (depressants that relieve anxiety, muscle spasms, produce sedation and reduce seizures) for the first time. More than half of the new prescriptions of benzodiazepines were written for a supply of 15 to 30 days, rather than the smaller number of pills for short-term, as-needed use. The study also found that women were more likely than men to receive an initial prescription ...

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Science

Buy your groceries online? Watch out for this food labeling gap

Picture this: You’re shopping online for this week’s groceries. You try to pick healthy options based on the information provided by the online retailer. You can tell that the products you’re choosing are organic, non-GMO, or Fair Trade Certified. But in many cases, you can’t find the nutrition facts, ingredient list, or even a list of allergens. A new, comprehensive study of online grocery retailers shows this problem is pervasive, to the detriment of public health and safety in the ...

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Sleeping for 2: CBT for insomnia combats postpartum depression
Science

Sleeping for 2: CBT for insomnia combats postpartum depression

Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTI) delivered during pregnancy significantly reduces postpartum depressive symptoms in mothers, new research from UBC shows. Researchers from the Vancouver and Okanagan campuses investigated whether treating insomnia during pregnancy could alleviate symptoms of postpartum depression, which affects many new mothers. “Early intervention is crucial for infant and maternal mental health,” says Dr. Elizabeth Keys, an Assistant Professor in UBCO’s School of Nursing and study co-author. “Our research explores how addressing sleep problems, like insomnia, can lead to ...

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Providencia rustigianii has virulence gene akin to Salmonella’s
Science

Providencia rustigianii has virulence gene akin to Salmonella’s

Salmonella and E. coli are well-known bacteria that cause food poisoning, but less understood are species of Providencia, another causative agent of serious symptoms. Providencia rustigianii, isolated from pediatric gastroenteritis patients, has now undergone whole genome sequencing by a research team led by Osaka Metropolitan University Professor Shinji Yamasaki of the Graduate School of Veterinary Science and the Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases. Members of the team had previously reported that P. rustigianii carries a cytolethal distending toxin virulence gene on its plasmid. Elimination of this gene did not ...

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Science

Europe’s First ever conference for minoritised life scientists set for Spring 2025

A unique group of life science professionals and advocates has come together to launch the Minoritised Life Scientists Future Forum, the first major conference in Europe dedicated to supporting and showcasing the contributions of marginalised and underrepresented communities in the life sciences. Taking place at the ICC Birmingham from 31 March to 2 April 2025, the Future Forum will offer over 200 hours of inspiring talks, workshops, and mentoring sessions. The event is designed for life scientists at all career stages from undergraduate students to early-career ...

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Science

Longer-term data from SWOG S1826 trial confirm nivolumab-AVD benefit in Hodgkin lymphoma

In mid-2023, the SWOG S1826 phase 3 trial in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma reported highly positive primary results earlier than expected, after the trial’s second planned interim analysis found the preset threshold for efficacy had already been reached. Now, a follow-up analysis with additional data – a median follow-up of 2.1 years – confirms the durability of those initial findings: among the 970 newly diagnosed adolescents and adults randomized to the trial, those who received a combination of nivolumab plus AVD chemotherapy (N-AVD) had a significantly lower risk of cancer progression ...

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Brown researchers show how gut hormones control aging in flies and how it relates to human biology
Science

Brown researchers show how gut hormones control aging in flies and how it relates to human biology

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — Biologists at Brown University have discovered how a neuropeptide hormone made in the gut of flies can control their lifespan. The findings, published in PNAS, have implications for humans, too, the researchers say — especially as new diabetes and obesity medications based on gut hormones in the same family of the fly hormone are becoming more widespread. For the past two decades, study author Marc Tatar, a professor of biology affiliated with the Center on the Biology of Aging at Brown University, has studied how the hormones insulin and insulin-like ...

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New Director of the Bates Center for the Study of the History of Nursing
Science

New Director of the Bates Center for the Study of the History of Nursing

PHILADELPHIA (October 16, 2024) – J. Margo Brooks Carthon, PhD, RN, FAAN, the Tyson Family Endowed Term Chair for Gerontological Research; Professor of Nursing in the Department of Family and Community Health; and Associate Director of the Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, has been appointed the new Director of the Barbara Bates Center for the Study of the History of Nursing (Bates Center), the preeminent history of nursing research center and archive. The Bates Center amplifies the importance of the history of nursing and healthcare to the development of crafting effective health policies and strategies to improve health for all. “The ...

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Discover science: Applications open for summer 2025 undergraduate internships
Science

Discover science: Applications open for summer 2025 undergraduate internships

WASHINGTON, DC – As the nation continues to build a diverse, clean-energy workforce, the Department of Energy (DOE) today announced that applications are being accepted for the Summer 2025 term of two undergraduate internship programs. The Office of Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internships (SULI) program and the Community College Internships (CCI) program are unique opportunities open to all current and recent college undergraduates. Interns will learn about science and technology careers, team science, networking, and gain the experience needed to transition from internship to employment. The application deadline for both programs is January 8, 2025, ...

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Science

Model reveals why debunking election misinformation often doesn’t work

When an election result is disputed, people who are skeptical about the outcome may be swayed by figures of authority who come down on one side or the other. Those figures can be independent monitors, political figures, or news organizations. However, these “debunking” efforts don’t always have the desired effect, and in some cases, they can lead people to cling more tightly to their original position. Neuroscientists and political scientists at MIT and the University of California at Berkeley have now ...

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Science

Project to integrate human and machine intelligence to address information integrity

Identifying whether online information is faulty or ungrounded is important to ensure information integrity and a well-informed public. This was especially challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic when misinformation spread like wildfire across the Internet. A new project led by Dong Wang, associate professor in the School of Information Sciences at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, will integrate diverse human and machine intelligence to examine multimodal data (e.g., text and image) that was produced during the pandemic. ...

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Science

Folic acid may mitigate link between lead exposure during pregnancy and autistic behaviours in children

New research gives another reason to take folic acid supplements while pregnant. A new study by Simon Fraser University researchers has found that folate may weaken the link between blood-lead levels in pregnant women and autistic-like behaviours in their children. Researchers from SFU’s Faculty of Health Sciences, led by PhD candidate Joshua Alampi, published the study in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. “Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy has numerous benefits to child health, especially brain development,” ...

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Science

MD Anderson Research Highlights for October 16, 2024

HOUSTON ― The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Research Highlights showcases the latest breakthroughs in cancer care, research and prevention. These advances are made possible through seamless collaboration between MD Anderson’s world-leading clinicians and scientists, bringing discoveries from the lab to the clinic and back. Novel therapeutic target overcomes treatment resistance in triple-negative breast cancer Many patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) do not respond to combination ...

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STEP Demo pilot plant achieves full operational conditions for Phase 1 of testing
Science

STEP Demo pilot plant achieves full operational conditions for Phase 1 of testing

SAN ANTONIO — October 16, 2024 —The Supercritical Transformational Electric Power (STEP) Demo pilot plant, a $169 million, 10-megawatt supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) test facility at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in San Antonio, has completed its first phase of testing, having achieved its full operational speed of 27,000 rpm and operating at a target turbine inlet temperature of 500 degrees Celsius. As STEP achieved this milestone, it was synchronized with the electrical grid, generating approximately four megawatts of net power. “Achieving full operating conditions while connected to the grid is a major advancement ...

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Science

Involuntary sweeps of homeless encampments do not improve public safety, study finds

AURORA, Colo. (October 16, 2024) – A new study, out today in the Journal of Urban Health, finds that involuntary sweeps of homeless encampments in Denver, Colorado were not effective in reducing crime. Researchers, led by first author Pranav Padmanabhan, research assistant and MPH student at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, analyzed the effect of involuntary displacement on crime in one-quarter to three-quarters of a mile radius around sweep sites, among all sweeps between November ...

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Feeling the heat: a new approach to controlling heat flow in crystals
Science

Feeling the heat: a new approach to controlling heat flow in crystals

Tokyo, Japan – Unwanted heating of electronic components hinders the performance of many devices. For example, the processing speed and memory available to silicon-based computer chips depend strongly on the ability to dissipate heat effectively. Unfortunately, despite high demand, thermal management remains challenging. Now, in a study published in Nature, a team of researchers led by the Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo, has demonstrated the ability to control heat transfer in graphite crystals. Their novel approach applies concepts from fluid ...

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The origin of most meteorites finally revealed
Science

The origin of most meteorites finally revealed

An international team led by three researchers from the CNRS1, the European Southern Observatory (ESO, Europe), and Charles University (Czech Republic) has successfully demonstrated that 70% of all known meteorite falls originate from just three young asteroid families. These families were produced by three recent collisions that occurred in the main asteroid belt 5.8, 7.5, and about 40 million years ago. The team also revealed the sources of other types of meteorites; with this research, the origin of more than 90% of meteorites ...

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Science

One in three plants call islands home

A new study has revealed that islands are home to around one in three of the world’s plant species, despite covering just over five per cent of the Earth’s land surface. Dr Julian Schrader, from Macquarie University’s School of Natural Sciences, led a team of a dozen researchers from Australia, Germany, Spain, USA, Greece and Japan in analysing data on more than 304,103 plants – essentially all species known to science worldwide – uncovering a treasure trove of island biodiversity. The team found 94,052 species are native to islands. Of these, 63,280 are endemic –found nowhere else in the world – representing 21 per cent of global plant diversity. The ...

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Challenging current understanding, study reveals rapid release of dopamine not needed for initiating movement
Science

Challenging current understanding, study reveals rapid release of dopamine not needed for initiating movement

The chemical messenger dopamine is an essential catalyst that fuels activities and behaviors ranging from movement to cognition and learning. However, neuroscientists have long debated whether these functions rely on rapid bursts of dopamine or on the neurochemical’s slower action. A new study led by researchers at Harvard Medical School provides an answer. The work, conducted in mice and published Oct. 16 in Nature, shows that initiating movement doesn’t require a rapid burst of dopamine but instead relies on slow activity of the chemical over time. By contrast, reward-oriented behaviors, related to ...

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A synthetic molecular switch lets you 'paint' with natural light
Science

A synthetic molecular switch lets you 'paint' with natural light

Liquid crystals exist in a phase of their own. They can flow like liquids, but because their molecules are arranged in a somewhat orderly way, they can be easily manipulated to reflect light. This flexibility has made liquid crystals the go-to material for energy-efficient phone, TV, and computer display screens. In a new study in Nature Chemistry, researchers at Dartmouth and Southern Methodist University hint at other applications for liquid crystals that might one day be possible, all powered by natural light. They include liquid crystal ...

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Honoring a career of outstanding achievement
Science

Honoring a career of outstanding achievement

NEWPORT NEWS, VA – This year, the U.S. Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility celebrates the 40th anniversary of its founding to probe the secrets of the subatomic universe. And for 39 of those years, esteemed physicist Volker D. Burkert has been an important part of its mission. Now, Burkert is being honored for his contributions to advancements in experimental physics with the prestigious Tom W. Bonner Prize in Nuclear Physics. The citation reads: “For exemplary leadership in the development of high-performance instrumentation for large acceptance spectrometers that have enabled breakthroughs in fundamental nuclear ...

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MSK research highlights, October 15, 2024
Science

MSK research highlights, October 15, 2024

A new tactic for overcoming breast cancer drug resistance The most common type of breast cancer, estrogen receptor positive, has been effectively treated with hormone therapy combined with drugs that block cell division called CDK4/6 inhibitors. However, it has been impossible to predict how long people will respond to this drug combination. In some patients, the disease is controlled for years, but in others, the cancer starts progressing again after just a few months. This presents ...

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Science

Men and women process pain differently, study finds

In a new study evaluating meditation for chronic lower back pain, researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine have discovered that men and women utilize different biological systems to relieve pain. While men relieve pain by releasing endogenous opioids, the body’s natural painkillers, women rely instead on other, non-opioid based pathways. Synthetic opioid drugs, such as morphine and fentanyl, are the most powerful class of painkilling drugs available. Women are known to respond poorly to opioid therapies, which use synthetic opioid molecules to bind to the same receptors as naturally-occurring endogenous ...

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Science

New research confirms that young adults can also have large vessel occlusion strokes thought to happen in older adults, given the rise of stroke risk factors in younger adults

New research published in the Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases confirms that strokes thought to happen in older adults are possible in the younger (defined as 18-50 years old) population. Large Vessel Occlusion Acute ischemic Strokes (LVO-AIS) are considered to be the most debilitating strokes which occur due to blockage of large cerebral arteries usually from blood clots or plaque build up. LVO-AIS is typically thought to occur in older adults given that older individuals are known to have risk factors for large vessel occlusions. However, new research confirms that the younger population can have risk factors ...

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Rewriting the future: New molecules reversibly change with light and heat
Science

Rewriting the future: New molecules reversibly change with light and heat

In this age of cloud storage, few people are backing up data on CD-RWs. The technology to rewrite data on compact discs was made possible by phase-change materials altered by the light and heat of lasers, though this had a limit of 1,000 rewrites. Today, scientists investigating photoswitching molecules, which change their properties when irradiated, have been finding possible applications for these materials, ranging from photopharmacology to data storage. Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Engineering student Shota Hamatani, Dr. Daichi Kitagawa, a lecturer, and Professor Seiya Kobatake synthesized aza-diarylethenes, which have nitrogen in place of carbon in a molecular structure ...

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