People with severe mental illness are less likely to attend cancer screening compared to those who do not have such conditions, according to new research from the University of Surrey and the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) at the Department of Health and Social Care.  Funded by OHID and NHS England, with support from Cancer Research UK, the study found disparity in attendance at cancer screening in people with severe mental illness, with the most pronounced disparities being observed for those diagnosed with schizophrenia, followed by those diagnosed with other psychoses and bipolar disorder.    The ...

A deep slumber might help buffer against memory loss for older adults facing a heightened burden of Alzheimer’s disease, new research from the University of California, Berkeley, suggests. Deep sleep, also known as non-REM slow-wave sleep, can act as a “cognitive reserve factor” that may increase resilience against a protein in the brain called beta-amyloid that is linked to memory loss caused by dementia. Disrupted sleep has previously been associated with faster accumulation of beta-amyloid protein in the brain. However, the new ...

Synthetic hydrogels show great promise in tissue repair, drug delivery, medical implants, and many other applications. Hydrogels functionalized with electrically conductive components can be used in bioelectronic devices for cardiac or neural interfaces, for applications such as neural prosthetics, cardiac patches, and electronic skin. A research team led by Dr Lizhi Xu of the Department of Mechanical Engineering in the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Hong Kong (HKU) has recently developed a new type of electroconductive hydrogels with outstanding mechanical strength and manufacturability, creating ...

ARLINGTON, Va. (May 4, 2023) — Antibiotics administered before and during surgery should be discontinued immediately after a patient’s incision is closed, according to updated recommendations for preventing surgical site infections. Experts found no evidence that continuing antibiotics after a patient’s incision has been closed, even if it has drains, prevents surgical site infections. Continuing antibiotics does increase the patient’s risk of C. difficile infection, which causes severe diarrhea, and ...

Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified four important signs and symptoms that signal an elevated risk of early-onset colorectal cancer. These red flags may be key to earlier detection and diagnosis of early-onset colorectal cancer among younger adults. The number of young adults with colorectal cancer has nearly doubled in recent years. Studying de-identified health insurance data on more than 5,000 patients with early-onset colorectal cancer — cancer that occurs before a person turns 50 — the researchers found that in the period between ...

LA JOLLA, CALIF. – May 03, 2023 – When the cells of our immune system are under constant stress due to cancer or other chronic diseases, the T cells of the immune system shut down in a process called T cell exhaustion. Without active T cells, which kill tumor cells, it’s impossible for our bodies to fight back against cancer. One of the biggest goals of immunotherapy is to reverse T cell exhaustion to boost the immune system’s ability to destroy cancerous cells. Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys studying melanoma have found a new way to make this ...

HOUSTON ― Two researchers from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have been elected to the prestigious National Academy of Sciences (NAS). Helen Piwnica-Worms, Ph.D., professor of Experimental Radiation Oncology, and Richard Wood, Ph.D., professor of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, are recognized for their respective contributions to advancing our understanding of cancer genetics, biochemistry and cell biology. Piwnica-Worms and Wood are among 120 new members ...

WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. – The advanced air mobility sector, which includes electric-powered urban and regional aircraft, may become a $1.5 trillion market by 2040. A new Purdue University-connected startup could benefit airport and vertiport operators and real estate developers looking to establish advanced air mobility technology at existing and potential sites. Purdue University postgraduate students have launched Aerovy Mobility, a startup company that commercializes cloud-based software solutions to plan and operate infrastructure ...

“Retinoids are known to inhibit tumor-promoting IL-6 production.” BUFFALO, NY- May 3, 2023 – A new research perspective was published in Oncotarget's Volume 14 on April 26, 2023, entitled, “Disruption of retinol-mediated IL-6 expression in colon cancer-associated fibroblasts: new perspectives on the role of vitamin A metabolism.” Colon cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While the tumor microenvironment (TME) supports tumor growth and immune escape through tumor-promoting ...

INRS' graduation ceremony will be a wonderful event again this year! In addition to the175 students who will be receiving their master’s or doctorate degrees, two distinguished scholars will be honoured. During the 2023 ceremony, the Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) is pleased to announce that it will be awarding two honorary doctorates. Researchers Jamal Deen, an expert in electrical engineering and applied physics and a professor at McMaster University, and Mordechai (Moti) Segev, a professor ...

A new study of telehealth utilization among Medicare beneficiaries in Arkansas showed race/ethnicity and rural/urban disparities. The study, which reported that the association between the number of chronic conditions and telehealth was strongest among White and rural beneficiaries, is published in the peer-reviewed journal Telemedicine and e-Health. Click here to read the article now. Innovative technologies such as telehealth can improve health care access in underserved areas and in aging populations with growing and complex medical needs. However, the use of telecommunications in clinical settings faces ...

TAMPA, Fla. – Prostate cancer frequently metastasizes to the bone and is incurable. Moffitt Cancer Center researchers are working to identify new treatment options for this subset of patients. In a new article published today in Science Advances, a team of Moffitt scientists demonstrates that chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) therapy is an effective antitumor approach in mouse models of bone metastatic prostate cancer. “Bone metastatic prostate cancer is an incurable disease that significantly impacts patient ...

Alexandria, VA, USA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) and American Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research (AADOCR) have announced the publication in July 2023 of a Special Issue of Journal of Dental Research (JDR) entitled, “Aging and Oral Health.” It will feature Bei Wu, New York University, USA and Ana Paula Vieira Colombo, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil as Guest Editors. Several articles that will be included in the issue are currently available for viewing Online First at the JDR website, including:    Diabetes, Edentulism, and Cognitive Decline: ...

Leesburg, VA, May 3, 2023—According to an accepted manuscript published in ARRS’ own American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR), a high-speed onsite deep-learning based fractional flow reserve (FFR)-CT algorithm yielded excellent diagnostic performance for the presence of hemodynamically significant stenosis, with both high interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility. “A rapid and accurate onsite approach for determining FFR-CT should address challenges encountered in the clinical ...

MINNEAPOLIS – How are you sleeping? A new study has found the transition from daylight saving time to standard time, when one hour is gained overnight, was associated with a brief increase in sleep disorders such as difficulty going to sleep or staying asleep, but there was no such association when an hour is lost in the change from standard time to daylight saving time. The study is published in the May 3, 2023, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. It also found a small difference in the amount of sleep people get depending ...

When Doc Brown fed his DeLorean food scraps in Back to the Future as fuel, it seemed like crazy science fiction. Now science is taking over that fiction as UBC Okanagan researchers are looking at the potential of using fruit waste—both solid and leachate—to power fuel cells. While the energy extracted from food scraps still pales in comparison to solar or wind power, researchers are working towards purifying and improving the energy output of discarded food, particularly fruit waste—an item that is in abundance in the agricultural belt of the Okanagan Valley. According ...

MINNEAPOLIS/ST. PAUL (05/03/2023) — Published in the peer-reviewed journal Alcohol: Clinical & Experimental Research, University of Minnesota Medical School researchers found people with an anxiety or major depression disorder experience greater alcohol use disorder symptoms and problems in comparison to people without those disorders — even at the same levels of drinking. This finding might help to explain why those who develop an anxiety or mood disorder are at heightened risk ...

Researchers at West Virginia University have uncovered critical data showing bariatric surgery as a treatment method for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has a significant impact on improving clinical outcomes. The study, led by Dr. Shailendra Singh, included thousands of patients diagnosed with NAFLD, a condition that is seeing an upsurge and contributes to multiple other afflictions.  While bariatric surgery has long been associated with reducing cardiovascular disease and death in patients with obesity, the research team set out to explore whether the ...

Two-photon microscopy (TPM) has revolutionized the field of biology by enabling researchers to observe complex biological processes in living tissues at high resolution. In contrast to traditional fluorescence microscopy techniques, TPM makes use of low-energy photons to excite fluorescent molecules for observation. This, in turn, makes it possible to penetrate the tissue much more deeply, and ensures that the fluorescent molecules, or fluorophores, are not permanently damaged by the excitation laser.  However, some biological processes are simply too fast to be recorded, even with state-of-the-art TPMs. One of the design parameters that limits the performance of a TPM is ...

The latest issues of three of the American Psychiatric Association’s journals, The American Journal of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Services and Focus are now available online. The May issue of The American Journal of Psychiatry focuses on treatments, with articles presenting issues related to psychedelics, trichotillomania, social anxiety disorder, schizophrenia, and opioid use disorder. Highlights include: Psychedelics as Transformative Therapeutics. Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study of Memantine in Trichotillomania and Skin-Picking Disorder. Attention Bias Modification Treatment Versus a Selective ...

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution was associated with an increase in hospital procedures in heart failure patients, according to a study published May 3, 2023, in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Samantha Catalano from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA, and colleagues. Tiny airborne particles smaller than 2.5μm in diameter (PM2.5) are air pollutants generated by traffic, industry activity, combustion, and more. Though exposure to PM2.5 has been associated with illness and death worldwide, ...

The first modern humans spread across Europe in three waves during the Paleolithic, according to a study published May 3, 2023 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Ludovic Slimak of the CNRS and University of Toulouse III, France. The archaeological record of Paleolithic Europe leaves many open questions regarding the nature of the arrival of modern humans into the region and the nature of how these newcomers interacted with the resident Neanderthal populations. In this study, Slimak compared records of stone tool technology across western Eurasia to document the sequence of early human activity in the region. This study primarily focused on ...

For immigrants with limited education, the personality traits of extraversion and openness significantly boost lifetime employment probabilities, likely by facilitating better integration ### Article URL:  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0281048 Article Title: Non-cognitive skills and labour market performance of immigrants Author Countries: Germany, Türkiye Funding: We appreciate the financial support from the University of Gothenburg”. The funders had no ...

Visitors to a modern art museum lingered in front of artworks longer and exhibited more signs of excitement when given detailed descriptions of each piece compared to seeing basic labels, according to a study published May 3, 2023 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Serena Castellotti from the University of Florence, Italy, and colleagues.  Improving the cultural and aesthetic experience of non-expert visitors is a critical task for art museums. In this study, the authors examined how museum-provided descriptions of art might influence a visitor’s ...

Packaged foods marketed to kids are significantly higher in sugar and lower in other nutrients than other products, according to Canadian study of almost 6,000 items ### Article URL:  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0284350 Article Title: Child-appealing packaged food and beverage products in Canada–Prevalence, power, and nutritional quality Author Countries: Canada Funding: This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Frederick Banting and Charles Best Doctoral ...