A virus responsible for damaging cotton crops across the southern United States has been lurking in U.S. fields for nearly 20 years – undetected. According to new research, cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV), long believed to be a recent arrival, was infecting plants in cotton-growing states as early as 2006. The findings, published in Plant Disease by USDA Agricultural Research Service researchers and cooperators at Cornell University, challenge long-standing assumptions about when and how the virus emerged in U.S. cotton. They also demonstrate how modern data-mining tools can uncover hidden threats in samples collected ...

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — Being cut off in traffic, giving a presentation or missing a meal can all trigger a suite of physiological changes that allows the body to react swiftly to stress or starvation. Critical to this “fight-or-flight” or stress response is a molecular cycle that results in the activation of Protein Kinase A (PKA), a protein involved in everything from metabolism to memory formation. Now, a study by researchers at Penn State has revealed how this cycle resets between stressful events so the body is prepared ...

LA JOLLA (May 28, 2025)—Cannabis has been a globally important crop for millennia. While best known today as marijuana for its psychoactive cannabinoid THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), historically, cannabis has been a cornerstone of human civilization, providing seed oil, textiles, and food for more than 10,000 years. Today, cannabis remains an understudied and underutilized resource, but United States legislation passed in 2014 and 2018 have re-energized cannabis crop development for medicinal, grain, and fiber applications. Researchers from the Salk Institute have created the most comprehensive, high-quality, and detailed genetic atlas of cannabis to date. The team analyzed ...

Researchers from University of South China, Tsinghua University and Technical University of Munich have developed a whole system uncertainty model and an Intelligent optimized power control system of the space nuclear reactor with faster response, higher control accuracy and stronger adaptability under uncertainty conditions. These research results provide new ideas and solutions for improving the intelligence level and autonomous control capability of advanced nuclear energy systems in complex ...

CORVALLIS, Ore. – Oregon State University scientists have improved artificial intelligence’s ability to identify wildlife species in photos taken by motion-activated cameras. Their study, which introduces a less-is-more approach to the data on which an AI model is trained, opens the door to wildlife image analysis that’s more accurate and also more cost effective. Motion-activated cameras are an important wildlife monitoring tool, but reviewing thousands of images manually can be prohibitively time consuming, and current AI models are at times too inaccurate to be useful for scientists and wildlife managers. “One ...

(Santa Barbara, Calif.) — Reducing travel speeds and using an intelligent queuing system at busy ports can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from oceangoing container vessels by 16-24%, according to researchers at UC Santa Barbara. Not only would those relatively simple interventions reduce emissions from a major (?), direct source of greenhouse gases, the technology to implement these measures already exists. “Arguably the most impactful thing we can do to slow climate change is to cut CO2 emissions,” said Rachel Rhodes, a project scientist at the Benioff Ocean Science Laboratory at UC Santa Barbara, and lead author of a paper that appears in the journal Marine ...

A relatively new therapy used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in those with mild to moderate disease was found to be effective at preventing death in those with more advanced disease. Results were published on Wednesday, May 28,  in The New England Journal of Medicine and could have “transformative implications” for patients, according to an editorial that accompanied the study written by Bradley Maron, MD, Professor of Medicine and Director of the Hypertension Program at the University ...

A dysfunction in muscle blood vessels could be to blame for the weak muscles and weight loss that most cancer patients experience, according to a new study from University of Illinois Chicago researchers. The discovery may help cancer survivors regain their muscle strength, which could contribute to better outcomes for these patients, said Dr. Jalees Rehman, senior author of the new paper and the Benjamin J. Goldberg Professor and head of the department of biochemistry and molecular genetics at the College of Medicine. Up to 80% of patients with cancer experience muscle ...

Earthquakes create ripple effects in Earth's upper atmosphere that can disrupt satellite communications and navigation systems we rely on. Nagoya University scientists and their collaborators have used Japan's extensive network of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers to create the first 3D images of atmospheric disturbances caused by the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake. Their results show sound wave disturbance patterns in unique 3D detail and provide new insights into how earthquakes generate these waves. The results were published in the journal Earth, Planets and Space. Mapping electron density ...

A new deep learning-based approach has been developed to overcome one of the critical limitations in fluorescence microscopy: severe image degradation caused by noise in dynamic in vivo imaging environments. The technique, recently published in PhotoniX (May 23, 2025), introduces a self-supervised denoising network—TeD (Temporal-gradient empowered Denoising)—that improves image quality without requiring clean reference images, representing a breakthrough for applications involving rapid biological ...

More than three decades ago, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as the first immunotherapy against cancer. And it is still used today to treat early-stage bladder cancer. Now, a team of researchers from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) and Weill Cornell Medicine is expanding the understanding of how the treatment works — an understanding that could help improve the effectiveness of immunotherapies more broadly. BCG is a weakened strain of the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis, which is used worldwide as a vaccine against childhood tuberculosis. ...

Immediate recovery efforts receive the most attention after severe natural disasters, yet new data from researchers at Drexel University and the University of Maryland suggests these climate events often also leave a critical long-term — and often unaddressed — problem in declines in access to health care. The team found a statistically significant link between severe natural disasters, such as heatwaves, droughts, floods and wildfires, and loss of health care infrastructure — including hospitals and outpatient ...

Tsukuba, Japan—Due to the sudden rupture of the aortic wall, aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention, as it can lead to vascular collapse. Individuals with inherited connective tissue disorders, such as Marfan syndrome, are particularly at risk, often developing the condition at a young age. This highlights the urgent need for effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. However, the molecular mechanisms that drive the onset and progression of aortic dissection remain poorly understood. In a recent study, an international research team led by the University of Tsukuba created a mouse ...

Most experts and those experiencing the potentially debilitating features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), which affects one in eight women, want greater awareness and a name change to improve care and outcomes. A new Monash University-led research paper reveals those involved are keen to overcome the misleading implication that it is only an ovarian or gynaecological condition. PCOS carries risks of higher body weight, diabetes, heart disease, fertility issues and pregnancy complications, endometrial cancer, ...

Monarch butterflies are famous for their annual migrations, but not all migrate. In recent years, more and more monarchs have been living and breeding year-round in California’s Bay Area, thanks in part to the growing presence of non-native milkweeds in urban gardens. In a new study published in Ecosphere, University of California, Davis, researchers show that these resident butterflies are not connected to the larger population of monarchs known for their late-autumn coastal migrations. Their work suggests that resident monarchs and the non-native milkweeds that sustain them are ...

Researchers gave participants face tattoos that can track when their brain is working too hard. Published May 29 in the Cell Press journal Device, the study introduces a non-permanent wireless forehead e-tattoo that decodes brainwaves to measure mental strain without bulky headgear. This technology may help track the mental workload of workers like air traffic controllers and truck drivers, whose lapses in focus can have serious consequences. "Technology is developing faster than human evolution. Our brain capacity cannot keep up and can easily get ...

About The Study: The findings of this study that fewer than half of U.S. adults are aware and about one-fifth are unsure of their awareness of the association between alcohol and cancer emphasize the need to implement the recently updated Surgeon General’s recommendation to reduce the alcohol-related cancer burden in the U.S. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Sanjay Shete, PhD, email sshete@mdanderson.org. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.1146) Editor’s Note: Please ...

About The Study: In this pilot trial, acupuncture produced greater reductions in nocturia (waking up 1 or more times to urinate) relative to usual care in survivors of prostate cancer. The nocturia reduction was comparable to other treatments, such as desmopressin, α-blockers, and antimuscarinic medications; however, acupuncture was associated with fewer adverse events. Nocturia affects more than half of survivors of prostate cancer. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Kevin T. Liou, MD, email liouk@mskcc.org. To access the embargoed ...

CONTACT:           San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance Public Relations 619-685-3291  publicrelations@sdzwa.org sdzwa.org PHOTOS AND VIDEO: https://sandiegozoo.box.com/s/uzfr25f5xzcgxyj0tgww5ob6nvafuyng NEWS RELEASE New Study Finds Recovery Is Still Possible for Critically Endangered Hawaiian Honeycreeper With Urgent Intervention Latest Genomic Research Offers a Unique Lens for Understanding the Extinction Crisis in Hawai‘i SAN DIEGO (May 29, 2025) – A new scientific study, led by San Diego Zoo ...

To the point: New tissue-derived organoid model: A next-generation organoid model, composed of three liver cell types – adult hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, and liver mesenchymal cells – reconstructs the liver periportal region. Organoid functionality: The complex organoids, or assembloids, are functional, consistently draining bile from the bile canaliculi into the bile duct as in the real liver due to their accurate tissue architecture recapitulation. Liver disease modelling: This liver model reconstructs the liver periportal region architecture, is able to model aspects of cholestatic liver injury and biliary ...

Despite established connections, study finds almost 60% of U.S. adults are unaware or uncertain of the link between alcohol and cancer  An estimated 75,000 cancer cases are associated with alcohol annually in the U.S.  Researchers suggest implementing new Surgeon General recommendations could be an effective approach to reducing future cancer rates  HOUSTON, MAY 29, 2025 ― Alcohol is a leading preventable cause of cancer, but public awareness of the connection remains strikingly low in the U.S., with ...

More than three decades ago, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as the first immunotherapy against cancer. And it is still used today to treat early-stage bladder cancer. Now, a team of researchers from Weill Cornell Medicine and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) and is expanding the understanding of how the treatment works — an understanding that could help improve the effectiveness of immunotherapies more broadly. BCG is a weakened strain of the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis, which is ...

University of Virginia School of Medicine scientists have uncovered a key reason why HIV remains so difficult to cure: Their research shows that small changes in the virus affect how quickly or slowly it replicates, and how easily or stubbornly it can reawaken from hiding. These insights bring researchers closer to finding ways to flush out the dormant virus and eliminate it for good. Thanks to remarkable progress in HIV treatment, the virus can often be suppressed to undetectable levels in the blood, eliminating most disease symptoms, and preventing transmission to others. But HIV never truly ...

Kyoto, Japan -- Whether you are lucky enough to have a cat companion or must merely live this experience vicariously through cat videos, Felis catus is a familiar and comforting presence in our daily lives. Unlike most other feline species, cats exhibit sociality, can live in groups, and communicate both with other cats and humans, which is why they have been humans' trusted accomplices for millennia. Despite this intimacy, there is still much that we don't know about our feline friends. Numerous behavioral studies have been conducted on other mammal species, but relatively few on cats. In part to fill this gap, a team of researchers at ...

A lab-designed molecule developed and extensively studied by scientists with Virginia Tech’s Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC could represent a breakthrough in slowing tumor recurrence in glioblastoma, an aggressive and deadly form of brain cancer. In a study published in May in Cell Death and Disease, researchers identified a previously unknown trait of cancer cells that shows promise for therapeutic intervention. The group outlined the mechanism of action and effectiveness of the experimental drug known as JM2, revealing ...