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New study shows regular exercise pre-hospitalization is linked to better outcomes in heart failure

New study shows regular exercise pre-hospitalization is linked to better outcomes in heart failure
2025-03-17
Heart failure is a major health concern, especially for ageing populations—it significantly increases mortality rates, and severely impacts quality of life for those affected. Exercise therapy has been shown to be particularly effective for patients with heart failure. Previous research, however, has mainly examined the benefits of exercise after a diagnosis of heart failure. There is a considerable gap when it comes to our understanding of the role that exercise plays before a patient with heart failure is hospitalized.   Now, in a recent study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology on 19 February 2025, researchers from Japan have explored the link between ...

New discovery in plant–pest warfare could lead to sustainable farming solutions

New discovery in plant–pest warfare could lead to sustainable farming solutions
2025-03-17
As global food demand continues to increase, effective pest control remains one of agriculture’s most pressing challenges. Worldwide, farmers apply nearly 4 million tons of chemical pesticides annually to protect their crops, representing a $60 billion industry. While these compounds have significantly boosted agricultural productivity, their widespread use has raised concerns regarding environmental impact, health risks, and the long-term sustainability of modern farming. The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, exemplifies the limitations of conventional pesticide-based pest management in agriculture and horticulture. ...

Make Indian sign language an official language and open more schools for deaf and hard-of-hearing students, Cambridge study advises Indian government

2025-03-17
University of Cambridge media release   Make Indian Sign Language an official language and open more schools for deaf and hard-of-hearing students, Cambridge study advises Indian Government   UNDER STRICT EMBARGO UNTIL 15:30 INDIA STANDARD TIME / 10:00 UK TIME / 06:00 US ET ON MONDAY 17TH MARCH 2025   Around one in five (over 19%) of India’s deaf and hard-of-hearing children were out-of-school in 2014, according to a survey conducted for the Indian Government.* A new study calls on the Government to address this ongoing educational crisis by recognising ...

Deep dive into space turns up new Spitzer bubbles

Deep dive into space turns up new Spitzer bubbles
2025-03-17
To learn more about the deepest reaches of our own galaxy and the mysteries of star formation, Japanese researchers have created a deep learning model. The Osaka Metropolitan University-led team used artificial intelligence to pore through the vast amounts of data being acquired from space telescopes, finding bubble-like structures that had not been included in existing astronomical databases. The Milky Way galaxy we live in, like other galaxies in the universe, has bubble-like structures formed mainly during the birth and activity of high-mass stars. These so-called Spitzer bubbles hold important clues to understanding the process of star formation and galaxy evolution. Graduate School of ...

Attention can be used to drive cooperation – new study

2025-03-17
Our ability to cooperate with others may be influenced by how our attention is captured and directed, as much as by how altruistic we are feeling.   According to a new study by researchers at the University of Birmingham jointly with the University of Zurich, choices made for individual reward or cooperatively for a joint reward can be influenced by presenting information to participants in configurations that naturally draw their attention. The results are published today in Communications Psychology.   Cooperation – defined as the ability of individuals to incur a personal cost for the benefit ...

A post-treatment blood test could inform future cancer therapy decisions

2025-03-17
In the continuing evolution of personalized medicine, a new Yale study has found evidence to support the value of a tool that measures the presence of cancer-derived molecules in the blood of patients with lung cancer years after their treatment. This tool is a type of molecular residual disease (MRD)detector, which is used after patients have completed their primary treatment in order to monitor their cancer status. Researchers say it could inform clinical intervention, including whether to restart or intensify treatment. “MRD detection is the future — allowing ...

Bridging Nature and Nurture: Study reveals brain's flexible foundation from birth

2025-03-17
Riddle me this: how can it be that reading these words activates nearly identical word-sensitive patches of the brain’s visual system in you and nearly every other reader of this story? And that a different set of face-sensitive visual regions—again in almost identical positions in each reader’s brain—would activate to process the faces of the researchers, should you meet them? For years, researchers have debated how our brains consistently develop areas specialized for recognizing faces, objects, words, and places, despite individuals having vastly different life experiences. Two competing theories have dominated this discussion. One ...

Newborns with heart defects may face a higher risk of developing childhood cancer

2025-03-17
Research Highlights: Newborns with congenital heart defects may have a higher risk of developing childhood cancer compared to children born without a heart abnormality. Congenital heart defects in newborns may also signal an elevated cancer risk for their mothers. Researchers suggest a multidisciplinary team of health care professionals to care for newborns with congenital heart defects and their moms. Embargoed until 4 a.m. CT/5 a.m. ET Monday, March 17, 2025 DALLAS, March 17, 2025 — Being born with a heart defect may ...

Continued medication important for heart failure patients

2025-03-17
Patients who have been treated for heart failure and experience an improvement of their pump function, are still at higher risk of heart-related death or hospitalisation if they stop taking heart failure medications. This is according to a new study from Karolinska Institutet published in the top-ranked journal Circulation. “Our finding raises awareness about the importance of implementing and not withdrawing medical treatments in daily clinical practice even if patients with heart failure experience an improvement in symptoms and pump function,” says the study’s last author Gianluigi Savarese, docent and senior ...

Tools to succeed: Learning support for new nurses

Tools to succeed: Learning support for new nurses
2025-03-17
First-year nurses often have difficulties while bridging the gap between educational theory and required workplace practice. In the fast-paced medical field, sufficient guidance is hard to come by, so new nurses must actively learn on their feet through modeling senior nurses’ actions and techniques. There are several studies on learning from role models, but no specific tools that focus on new nurses’ learning progress through this practice. A new tool, called the Modeling Scale for Novice Nurses, has been developed by Dr. Yayoi Nagano and Professor Yasuko Hosoda at Osaka Metropolitan University’s Graduate School of Nursing. They conducted a questionnaire on ...

A breakthrough in green hydrogen peroxide production: KIST develops carbon catalyst utilizing airborne oxygen

A breakthrough in green hydrogen peroxide production: KIST develops carbon catalyst utilizing airborne oxygen
2025-03-17
Hydrogen peroxide is one of the world's top 100 industrial chemicals with a wide range of applications in the chemical, medical, and semiconductor industries. Currently, hydrogen peroxide is mainly produced through the anthraquinone process, but this process has several problems, including high energy consumption, the use of expensive palladium catalysts, and environmental pollution due to by-products. In recent years, an environmentally friendly method of producing hydrogen peroxide by electrochemical reduction of oxygen using inexpensive carbon catalysts has gained attention. However, this method has been limited by the high cost of injecting high-purity oxygen gas and ...

Travellers: beware of Oropouche virus. Is it the next Zika?

2025-03-17
Heading south for the winter? Oropouche virus, a new infectious disease, has been reported in travellers from Canada and the United States who visited Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Cuba. An article published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.241440 provides an overview of this emerging virus. Similar to viruses like dengue and Zika, Oropouche virus symptoms include fever, chills, headache, and muscle aches. The incubation period is 3–10 days, and symptoms last 2–7 days and may recur weeks later in some ...

No increased death rates, admission differences for people experiencing homelessness with severe COVID-19

2025-03-17
Did people experiencing homelessness (PEH) have worse in-hospital outcomes from COVID-19 than housed people? New research published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal)  https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.241282  found no differences in in-hospital deaths or hospital admission rates for PEH who visited hospital for acute COVID-19 symptoms. “In our study, we sought to answer the question of whether experiencing homelessness is a risk factor for worse prognosis from COVID-19 illness independent of important clinical variables including age, comorbidities, vaccination status, and substance use — i.e., whether clinicians should have ...

Optimizing public placement of naloxone kits to save lives

2025-03-17
Making it easy to access naloxone kits to reverse the effects of opioid poisoning will help save lives, according to research published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.241228  that looks at the best placements for these kits. Researchers wanted to understand the best placement for public-access naloxone kits in Vancouver, British Columbia, to help prevent deaths from opioid poisoning. They compared public access strategies for more than 14 000 opioid poisonings over 6 years. They looked at placement at existing locations of take-home naloxone, at public locations like chain businesses, and at public transit ...

Burden of cardiovascular disease caused by extreme heat in Australia to more than double by 2050

2025-03-17
Hot weather is responsible for an average of almost 50,000 years of healthy life lost to cardiovascular disease every year among people in Australia, according to research published in the European Heart Journal [1] today (Monday). This equates to around 7.3% of the total burden due to illness and death from cardiovascular disease.   The study also suggests that this figure could double, or even triple, by the middle of the century, if we continue with the current trend of greenhouse gas ...

Who does Darth Vader vote for? Not the same party as Harry Potter

2025-03-17
UNDER EMBARGO UNTIL 00:01AM UK TIME ON MONDAY 17 MARCH 2025 People think that Harry Potter, Spiderman and Gandalf would vote the same way they do, whereas Darth Vader, Cruella de Vill and Joffrey Baratheon would vote for the rival party. New research from the University of Southampton, published today [17 March] in the journal Political Science Research & Method, shows how people in the UK and USA believe that fictional characters they admire would share their voting preferences, while those they dislike would vote the other way. The researchers also found that around one in six people recalled ...

Ground breaking advances in construction robotics in extreme environments unveiled in review

Ground breaking advances in construction robotics in extreme environments unveiled in review
2025-03-16
As the new wave of technological revolution and industrial transformation progresses, scientific research is expanding towards the macroscopic, delving into the microscopic, and advancing into extreme conditions, which becoming the developmental trends at the forefront of global science and technology. With the implementation of national strategies such as the high-quality development of green and low-carbon, China faces a series of new scientific and technological challenges in the field of construction under extreme environments. Among these, construction robotics in extreme environments, which meets the needs for high-risk operations, highly repetitive ...

New strategies to enhance chiral optical signals unveiled

New strategies to enhance chiral optical signals unveiled
2025-03-15
A recent review article published in Engineering delves into the latest research on enhancing chiral optical signals, a topic with significant implications for various scientific fields. Chirality, a property found in many molecules, plays a crucial role in areas such as chemistry, biology, and pharmacology. However, the measurement of chiral optical signals can be challenging because they are often weak. The review, led by researchers from the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, covers a range of methods to boost these signals. One approach involves tailoring optical fields. For instance, ...

Cambridge research uncovers powerful virtual reality treatment for speech anxiety

Cambridge research uncovers powerful virtual reality treatment for speech anxiety
2025-03-15
As discussed in the paper, the fear of public speaking is widely cited as being the most common fear. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that the prevalence of social anxiety and a fear of public speaking are both on the rise. This is concerning when one considers the range of known subsequent negative impacts on mental health, physical health, academic attainment, and career progression. To address this, Dr Chris Macdonald created an online platform where users transform into skilled and confident public speakers. On the platform, tailored course ...

2025 Gut Microbiota for Health World Summit to spotlight groundbreaking research

2025-03-15
Bethesda, MD (March 12, 2025) — The 13th Gut Microbiota for Health World Summit, taking place March 15-16 in Washington, D.C., will reveal how cutting-edge research on gut microbiome science is being applied to clinical practice. The event – organized by the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) and the European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (ESNM) – will bring together clinicians, researchers, nutritionists, and dietitians from around the world.  For media access to meeting abstracts ...

International survey finds that support for climate interventions is tied to being hopeful and worried about climate change

2025-03-15
A global survey of more than 30,000 people in 30 countries has revealed how people around the world feel about climate change, and how those emotions relate to perceptions of and support for climate interventions that could address the crisis. The new study is published in the journal Risk Analysis. To investigate the intensity of “climate emotions” on a global scale and their intersection with perceptions of climate interventions, a team of researchers at Aarhus University in Denmark and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Austria conducted an online survey in 19 different ...

Cambridge scientist launches free VR platform that eliminates the fear of public speaking

Cambridge scientist launches free VR platform that eliminates the fear of public speaking
2025-03-15
Today is World Speech Day, a day where we are called upon to embrace public speaking opportunities. Unfortunately, this call to action is unlikely to be widely embraced given that the majority of people are affected by speech anxiety and the fear of public speaking. Fortunately, however, there is now a free and highly effective solution. At Lucy Cavendish College, University of Cambridge, researchers are using emerging digital technology to enrich and accelerate learning. Their Immersive Technology Lab received a national innovation award for a project that uses VR to better translate ...

Open-Source AI matches top proprietary model in solving tough medical cases

2025-03-15
Artificial intelligence can transform medicine in a myriad of ways, including its promise to act as a trusted diagnostic aide to busy clinicians. Over the past two years, proprietary AI models, also known as closed-source models, have excelled at solving hard-to-crack medical cases that require complex clinical reasoning. Notably, these closed-source AI models have outperformed open-source ones, so-called because their source code is publicly available and can be tweaked and modified by anyone. Has open-source AI caught up? The answer appears to be yes, at least when it comes to one such open-source AI model, according to the findings ...

Good fences make good neighbors (with carnivores)

Good fences make good neighbors (with carnivores)
2025-03-15
A predator’s gotta eat, but sometimes what they eat harms people sharing the landscape, and that often leads to the carnivore’s death.   Fortified corrals are one strategy used in Tanzania to protect both livestock and vulnerable carnivore species. But then where do lions, leopards and hyenas go for dinner? Do they feed on the next herd over?   A new study led by Colorado State University has found that good fences truly do make good neighbors because fortified enclosures also benefit livestock keepers who live nearby. Instead of dining on easier meals next-door and negatively impacting neighbors who don’t ...

NRG Oncology trial supports radiotherapy alone following radical hysterectomy should remain the standard of care for early-stage, intermediate-risk cervical cancer

2025-03-15
Results from the NRG Oncology GOG-0263 phase III clinical trial testing the addition of cisplatin-based chemotherapy to adjuvant radiotherapy following radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy for patients with early-stage, intermediate-risk cervical carcinoma indicated that the addition of chemotherapy did not improve outcomes for patients and led to increased toxicity for patients. The outcomes of this trial support the use of the current standard of care using adjuvant radiotherapy alone following surgery. These results were ...
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