OKLAHOMA CITY – A University of Oklahoma study published Sept. 3 in JAMA Surgery reports that acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) – a blood-saving method in which a patient’s blood is collected before going on heart-lung bypass and reinfused near the end of cardiac surgery – remains underused in the United States at 14.7%. Yet the study found that ANH lowered the likelihood of a transfusion by 27%, a decrease in blood use that could cut costs substantially while still protecting patient safety and outcomes. Global demand for cardiac surgery ...

Using the first complete dataset of more than 415 million buildings across 50 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, researchers at the University of Chicago created an unprecedented approach to urban development, down to each street block. The new analysis, published this week in Nature, pinpoints where rapidly developing nations lack “last mile” infrastructure and access to public services. It uses high-resolution data to measure street access to each building across the subcontinent, showing ...

The first complete activity map of the brain has been unveiled by a large international collaboration of neuroscientists. The International Brain Laboratory (IBL) researchers published their findings today in two papers in Nature, revealing insights into how decision-making unfolds across the entire brain in mice at the resolution of single cells. This brain-wide activity map challenges the traditional hierarchical view of information processing in the brain and shows that decision-making is distributed across many regions in a highly coordinated ...

ANN ARBOR, Mich. – Children with sickle cell disease are more likely to have dental problems — but fewer than half of those covered by Michigan Medicaid got dental care in 2022, according to a new study. The findings, led by Michigan Medicine and non-profit RAND Corporation, appear in JAMA Network Open. “Sickle cell disease is known to increase the risk of dental complications in children, which underscores the importance of preventive dental care for this population,” said senior author Sarah Reeves, Ph.D., M.P.H., an associate professor of pediatrics ...

PRINCETON, NJ - Mice turning tiny steering wheels to move shapes on a screen have helped scientists produce the first brain-wide map of decision-making at single-cell resolution in a mammal. For decades, most neuroscience studies have focused on small clusters of cells in isolated brain regions. “But this method is flawed,” said Ilana Witten, Ph.D., a professor of neuroscience at Princeton University and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. “The brain is constantly making decisions during everyday ...

To the point: Small fold – big role: A tissue fold known as the cephalic furrow, an evolutionary novelty that forms between the head and the trunk of fly embryos, plays a mechanical role in stabilizing embryonic tissues during the development of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Combining theory and experiment: Researchers integrated computer simulations with their experiments and showed that the timing and position of cephalic furrow formation are crucial for its function, preventing mechanical instabilities in the embryonic tissues. Evolutionary response ...

A new IIASA-led study for the first time maps safe areas that can practically be used for underground carbon storage, and estimates that using them all would only cut warming by 0.7°C. The result is almost ten times lower than previous estimates of around 6°C, which considered the total global potential for geological storage, including in risky zones, where storing carbon could trigger earthquakes and contaminate drinking water supplies. The researchers say the study shows geological storage is a scarce, finite resource and warn countries must use ...

A new study has revealed a "hidden extinction crisis" in China's flora, showing that habitat decline over the past four decades has sharply increased extinction risks nationwide. The findings, published in One Earth on September 3, suggest that current conservation efforts are failing to keep pace with biodiversity threats. Led by Dr. SHEN Guozhen from the Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, along with international collaborators, the researchers combined satellite-based land-cover data (1980–2018) with species-composition models to quantify—for ...

“My body is all used up, and I have no will left to live.” Those are the first words of a new essay written by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Associate Professor Tobias Janowitz. They’re the words of his late mother during the final days of her life. “A perceptive woman who survived a childhood shaped by war, malnutrition, and displacement, she was not given to complaint. Her words reflected insight and recognition, not resignation,” Janowitz writes. In a new essay published in the journal Neuron, Janowitz dives into our current understanding of a condition called cachexia. Known as a wasting syndrome, the condition typically occurs ...

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact:   Dan Verello Mount Sinai Press Office 212-241-9200 daniel.verello@mountsinai.org   Journal: Nature Title: Amygdala–liver signaling orchestrates glycemic responses to stress Authors: Sarah Stanley, MBBCh, PhD, Associate Professor, Co-Director, Human Islet and Adenovirus Core, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, and The Friedman Brain Institute at Mount Sinai Paul J. Kenny, PhD, Ward-Coleman Professor and Chair of the Nash Family Department of Neuroscience at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Bottom line: This study discovered a circuit in the brain that connects stress with increased ...

Although the material damage from 2012's Hurricane Sandy may have been repaired, the storm left a lasting impact on cardiovascular health, according to new findings from Weill Cornell Medicine and New York University researchers. The study, published Sept. 3 in JAMA Network Open, found that older adults living in flood-hit areas in New Jersey faced a 5% higher risk of heart disease for up to five years after Sandy’s landfall. This is one of the first studies to rigorously quantify long-term cardiovascular risks associated with flooding in older adults. Most studies focus ...

Researchers at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) have uncovered a promising new therapeutic target for Barth syndrome, a rare genetic condition with no current cure.  Barth syndrome is an X-linked genetic condition affecting about 500 people worldwide, most of whom are males. The rare condition causes muscle weakness, frequent infections and cardiomyopathy. While heart transplants can manage cardiac symptoms, many children with Barth syndrome do not live past early childhood.  The research, published in Nature, was an international effort involving academic and industry collaborations, and revealed ...

A research team led by Nanjing University has introduced a transparent, colorless, and unidirectional solar concentrator that can be directly coated onto standard window glass. Utilizing cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) multilayers with submicron lateral periodicities, this diffractive-type solar concentrator (CUSC) selectively guides sunlight toward the edge of the window where photovoltaic cells are installed. The study appears in PhotoniX. Unlike conventional luminescent or scattering-based concentrators, which often suffer ...

SAN ANTONIO — September 3, 2025 — Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has completed a mission study detailing how a proposed spacecraft could fly by an interstellar comet, providing remarkable insights into the properties of bodies originating beyond our solar system. The internally funded SwRI project developed the mission design, scientific objectives, payload and key requirements based on previous interstellar object (ISO) detections. Using the recent discovery of 3I/ATLAS, the team validated the mission ...

Obtaining prefrontal cortex biopsies during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery in living patients does not increase the risk of adverse events or cognitive decline compared to standard DBS procedures that don’t involve biopsies, a team of clinical research scientists at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has demonstrated. The study findings, published online September 3 in Neurosurgery, the official publication of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons, establish the safety of an approach that allows researchers to collect valuable living human brain tissue during planned neurosurgical procedures, ...

DALLAS, September 3, 2025 — Atrial fibrillation, or AFib, often goes unrecognized despite affecting millions and increasing stroke risk by up to 5 times[1]. New consumer patient research from the American Heart Association, conducted by The Olinger Group, finds that most people with AFib (62%) had no prior knowledge of the condition before being diagnosed[2]. During September, AFib Awareness Month, the American Heart Association, a relentless force changing the future of health for everyone everywhere, is raising awareness nationwide about the condition, and that early identification and treatment of AFib are critical to stroke prevention. Anyone can develop ...

DALLAS, Sep. 3, 2025 — Only 1 in 4 children in the U.S. gets the recommended amount of daily physical activity, and about 1 in 3 is overweight or obese[1]. To help address these growing health concerns[2], the American Heart Association, a relentless force changing the future of health for everyone everywhere, has awarded wellness grants to 69 schools across the country to support healthier learning environments. Through its Kids Heart Challenge™ and American Heart Challenge™ initiatives, the Association awards annual financial grants that provide schools with resources to meet their health and wellness needs — from the purchase of physical education ...

About The Study: Application of the Transparent Reporting of Observational Studies Emulating a Target Trial (TARGET) guideline recommendations aims to improve reporting transparency and peer review and help researchers, clinicians, and other readers interpret and apply the results. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, James H. McAuley, PhD, email james.mcauley@unsw.edu.au. Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2025.13350?guestAccessKey=6ad54c92-efdb-4815-8df4-2ed119c048a7&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=090325 #  ...

About The Study: Findings from this systematic review indicated that nonregistration, premature discontinuation due to poor recruitment, and nonpublication of randomized clinical trial (RCT) results remained major challenges, especially for non–industry-sponsored trials. To mitigate these challenges, requirements enforced by funders and ethics committees also taking into account legal obligations should be considered and empirically evaluated. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Matthias Briel, MD, PhD, email matthias.briel@usb.ch. Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This ...

About The Study: Use of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) -Equity extension alongside the STROBE statement when writing up completed reports of observational studies has the potential to advance the reporting of health equity data and considerations. Improved reporting of this information may help knowledge users better identify and apply evidence relevant to populations experiencing inequities. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Omar Dewidar, ...

Microplastics are tiny, plastic fragments — many too small to see — found in the air, soil and water. Measuring their abundance in nature can direct cleanup resources, but current detection methods are slow, expensive or highly technical. Now, researchers publishing in ACS Sensors have developed a living sensor that attaches to plastic and produces green fluorescence. In an initial test on real-world water samples, the biosensor could easily detect environmentally relevant levels of microplastics. Currently, scientists detect ...

Brain–computer interfaces are technologies that enable direct communication between brain activity and external devices, enabling researchers to monitor and interpret brain signals in real time. These connections often involve arrays of tiny, hair-like electrodes called “microelectrodes” which are implanted within the brain to record or stimulate electrical activity. For decades, microelectrodes have faced a challenge in balancing conductivity with tissue compatibility. Rigid metal or silicon-based electrodes enable stable signal recordings but often damage the delicate brain tissues, whereas softer polymer electrodes reduce harm but suffer from poor signal transmission. Bridging ...

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania. It poses a substantial burden on global health, with an increasing incidence. Despite its prevalence, there exists a significant gap in understanding the underlying neuropathological mechanisms. Although mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in BD, the specific brain region damaged is not yet fully understood. A deeper understanding is essential for advancing research efforts and developing ...

Polyamines, a group of naturally occurring molecules found in all living organisms, are essential for fundamental cellular processes, such as growth and differentiation. In recent years, these compounds (particularly spermidine) have gained attention as promising ‘geroprotectors’ that promote healthy aging and extend lifespan. Studies have shown that polyamines can activate beneficial cellular processes like autophagy, which helps clear damaged cell components, primarily through a protein called eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A1). However, these positive effects are overshadowed by a troubling paradox, as elevated polyamine levels are also consistently ...

HARWELL, UK (3 September 2025) The Faraday Institution has announced a £9 million commitment to build on its application-inspired research programme to deliver the battery innovations of tomorrow. The two new projects, that will begin in October 2025, include, for the first time, a Faraday Institution project to advance the scientific understanding of battery formation, ageing and testing -- a stage at the end of the battery manufacturing process. The project will aim to formulate new protocols to reduce battery manufacturing time and energy consumption in gigafactories. This is the first of a number of new initiatives by the Faraday Institution ...