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THE ORIGINAL COLLECTION · SINCE 2010

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Technology

Prof Carl Kocher explores how you can stretch your mind to grasp quantum entanglement

My new article, ‘Quantum Entanglement of Optical Photons: The First Experiment, 1964-67’, is intended to convey the spirit of a small research project that reaches into uncharted territory. The article breaks with tradition, as it offers a first-person account of the strategy and challenges for the experiment, as well as an interpretation of the final result and its significance. In this guest editorial, I will introduce the subject and also attempt to illuminate the question ‘What is a paradox?’ Let’s begin with the gyroscope that I bought when I was eight, from a store ...

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Developing innovative new display technologies! Create ultrahigh-definition screens efficiently!
Technology

Developing innovative new display technologies! Create ultrahigh-definition screens efficiently!

□ A team led by Professor Ji-woong Yang of DGIST’s (President Kun-woo Lee) Department of Energy Science and Engineering, in collaboration with Professor Moon-kee Choi of UNIST's Department of New Materials and Dr. Taeg-hwan Hyun of the IBS Nanoparticle Research Center, has developed a double-layer dry transfer printing technology that simultaneously transfers light-emitting and electron-transferring layers onto a substrate. This technology is expected to provide a more life-like view in augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), greatly enhancing the immersive experience. □ ...

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Sandia Science & Technology Park injecting billions into state economy
Technology

Sandia Science & Technology Park injecting billions into state economy

ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. — The Sandia Science & Technology Park is being credited with playing a critical role in New Mexico’s economy over the last 25 years, creating high-paying jobs and bringing state-of-the-art technologies to the marketplace. A study by the Mid-Region Council of Governments shows that over that time, businesses located within the technology park paid out $7.7 billion in wages in the five-county region of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Valencia, Torrance and southern Santa Fe counties. It also shows the park generated ...

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Technology

Using AI to link heat waves to global warming

Researchers at Stanford and Colorado State University have developed a rapid, low-cost approach for studying how individual extreme weather events have been affected by global warming. Their method, detailed in a Aug. 21 study in Science Advances, uses machine learning to determine how much global warming has contributed to heat waves in the U.S. and elsewhere in recent years. The approach proved highly accurate and could change how scientists study and predict the impact of climate change on a range of extreme weather events. The ...

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Kessler Foundation scientists investigate effects of robotic postural stand training combined with spinal cord epidural stimulation
Technology

Kessler Foundation scientists investigate effects of robotic postural stand training combined with spinal cord epidural stimulation

East Hanover, NJ – August 21, 2024 – Kessler Foundation researchers have published a new clinical study investigating the effects of robotic postural stand training combined with spinal cord epidural stimulation (Stand-scES) on trunk control in individuals with high-level spinal cord injury (SCI). The open access article, “Effects of Robotic Postural Stand Training with Epidural Stimulation on Sitting Postural Control in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study” (doi.org/10.3390/jcm13154309) was published in the Journal of Clinical ...

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Technology

New center to improve robot dexterity selected to receive up to $52 million

PITTSBURGH - Carnegie Mellon University will be a core partner in a new multi-institutional collaboration that has received $26 million from the National Science Foundation to launch an Engineering Research Center (ERC) dedicated to revolutionizing the ability of robots to amplify human labor. Nine Carnegie Mellon University faculty members, with expertise ranging from Softbotics, engineering, and computer science to psychology, and diversity and inclusion, will help to develop highly dexterous robotic hands, user-friendly interfaces, ...

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Revolutionary rehab robotics: A new leap in adaptive gait training
Technology

Revolutionary rehab robotics: A new leap in adaptive gait training

In an era where technology increasingly merges with healthcare to enhance patient outcomes, a groundbreaking study conducted by Fuyang Yu and his colleagues introduces an innovative approach to lower limb rehabilitation. Their research, published in Cyborg Bionic Systems, outlines the development of a lower limb rehabilitation robot designed to significantly improve the safety and effectiveness of gait training through a novel method based on human-robot interaction force measurement. Rehabilitation robots are ...

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An active multi-beam antenna design method and its application for the future 6G satellite network
Technology

An active multi-beam antenna design method and its application for the future 6G satellite network

First, the payload requirements and problems faced by traditional multi-beam antenna are described. The user beam of the VHTS payload system mainly uses Ka-band multi-beam antenna for a large range of area coverage, and the number of beams in the coverage area is not less than 500, usually using 7-color frequency reuse scheme（Fig. 2）. At present, the spaceborne multi-beam antenna technology applied to high-throughput communication satellites is usually divided into multi-aperture multi-beam antenna and passive multi-feed ...

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Survival tactics: AI-driven insights into chromatin changes for winter dormancy in axillary buds
Technology

Survival tactics: AI-driven insights into chromatin changes for winter dormancy in axillary buds

Evolution has enabled plants to survive under adverse conditions. The winter bud of a plant is a crucial structure that establishes adaptability. Depending on environmental and intrinsic conditions, buds can transition between growth and dormancy. The three dormancy phases are determined by signals triggering each phase: ecodormancy, influenced by environmental factors; paradormancy, promoted by other plant organs; and endodormancy, maintained by internal signals within the bud. Paradormant buds enter endodormancy in response to changes in day length and/or low temperature in autumn, while endo-and eco-dormant phases occur ...

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RPI and Hokkaido University sign letter of intent for semiconductor collaboration
Technology

RPI and Hokkaido University sign letter of intent for semiconductor collaboration

Today, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and Hokkaido University of Japan announced their plan to explore collaborative opportunities in semiconductor education and research contributing to semiconductor workforce development initiatives. The two universities recognized the new partnership with a letter of intent signing ceremony held in the Curtis R. Priem Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center, with representatives from the Hokkaido Prefecture government, the Japanese semiconductor company Rapidus, IBM, NY CREATES, and RPI faculty and students in attendance. Before the signing ceremony, the Japanese delegation toured the IBM Quantum System One ...

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PolyU scientists harness quantum microprocessor chips for revolutionary molecular spectroscopy simulation
Technology

PolyU scientists harness quantum microprocessor chips for revolutionary molecular spectroscopy simulation

Quantum simulation enables scientists to simulate and study complex systems that are challenging or even impossible using classical computers across various fields, including financial modelling, cybersecurity, pharmaceutical discoveries, AI and machine learning. For instance, exploring molecular vibronic spectra is critical in understanding the molecular properties in molecular design and analysis. However, it remains a long-standing computationally difficult problem that cannot be efficiently solved using traditional super-computers. Researchers are diligently working on quantum computers and algorithms to ...

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AI can help rule out abnormal pathology on chest x-rays
Technology

AI can help rule out abnormal pathology on chest x-rays

OAK BROOK, Ill. – A commercial artificial intelligence (AI) tool used off-label was effective at excluding pathology and had equal or lower rates of critical misses on chest X-ray than radiologists, according to a study published today in Radiology, a journal of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). Recent developments in AI have sparked a growing interest in computer-assisted diagnosis, partly motivated by the increasing workload faced by radiology departments, the global shortage of radiologists and the potential for burnout in the field. Radiology practices have a high volume of unremarkable ...

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Computer scientists discover vulnerabilities in a popular security protocol
Technology

Computer scientists discover vulnerabilities in a popular security protocol

A widely used security protocol that dates back to the days of dial-up Internet has vulnerabilities that could expose large numbers of networked devices to an attack and allow an attacker to gain control of traffic on an organization's network. A research team led by University of California San Diego computer scientists investigated the Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) protocol and found a vulnerability they call Blast-RADIUS that has been present for decades. RADIUS, designed in 1991, allows networked devices such as routers, switches or mobile roaming gear to use a remote server to validate login or other credentials. This is a common set-up in enterprise and ...

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New computational methodology to predict the complex formation of interesting nanostructures
Technology

New computational methodology to predict the complex formation of interesting nanostructures

Researchers from the group of Prof. Carles Bo, at the Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), have described a computational methodology that simulates complex processes involving different chemical species and diverse conditions. These processes lead to the formation of nanostructures called polyoxometalates (POMs), with important applications in catalysis, energy storage, biology and medicine. "Our group has recently developed unique methods to study the chemistry of polyoxometalates in solution, their speciation and formation ...

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Porous-DeepONet: A deep learning framework for efficiently solving reaction-transport equations in porous media
Technology

Porous-DeepONet: A deep learning framework for efficiently solving reaction-transport equations in porous media

Porous media play a critical role in various industrial fields due to their complex pore networks and considerable specific surface areas. The transport and reaction phenomena within porous media are key factors influencing fundamental parameters such as energy storage efficiency, catalytic performance, and adsorption rates. To accurately describe these complex transport and reaction processes, solving parameterized partial differential equations (PDEs) is necessary. However, due to the complex structure of porous media, traditional methods, such as the finite element method ...

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Using AI to find the polymers of the future
Technology

Using AI to find the polymers of the future

Nylon, Teflon, Kevlar. These are just a few familiar polymers — large-molecule chemical compounds — that have changed the world. From Teflon-coated frying pans to 3D printing, polymers are vital to creating the systems that make the world function better. Finding the next groundbreaking polymer is always a challenge, but now Georgia Tech researchers are using artificial intelligence (AI) to shape and transform the future of the field. Rampi Ramprasad’s group develops and adapts ...

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AI model aids early detection of autism
Technology

AI model aids early detection of autism

A new machine learning model can predict autism in young children from relatively limited information. This is shown in a new study from Karolinska Institutet published in JAMA Network Open. The model can facilitate early detection of autism, which is important to provide the right support. “With an accuracy of almost 80 percent for children under the age of two, we hope that this will be a valuable tool for healthcare,” says Kristiina Tammimies, Associate Professor at KIND, the Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and last author of the study. The research team used a large US database (SPARK) ...

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Technology

Kelvin K. Droegemeier on ‘Working Toward a Computational Framework to Support Earth System Science and Climate Projection’

Editor’s note: NCSA is cohosting an International Summit on a Computational System for Frontier Earth System Science and Climate Simulation & Projection September 29 through October 2, 2024 at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Toward a Computational Framework for Earth System Models at Kilometer Resolution to Support Earth System Science and Climate Projection By Kelvin K. Droegemeier, Professor of Atmospheric Science and Special Advisor to the Chancellor for Science and Policy at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Almost daily, and often without realizing it, we rely upon computers to guide our decisions. Whether finding the fastest ...

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What does the EU's recent AI Act mean in practice?
Technology

What does the EU's recent AI Act mean in practice?

The European Union's law on artificial intelligence came into force on 1 August. The new AI Act essentially regulates what artificial intelligence can and cannot do in the EU. A team led by computer science professor Holger Hermanns from Saarland University and law professor Anne Lauber-Rönsberg from Dresden University of Technology has examined how the new legislation impacts the practical work of programmers. The results of their analysis will be published in the autumn. 'The AI Act shows ...

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Technology

New poll finds 50% of parents believe too much time on technology hinders kids from forming connections in the classroom

COLUMBUS, Ohio (August 16, 2024) – Building positive connections with teachers and peers in the classroom can be critical to the mental health and academic success of children and adolescents. Yet, a new national poll from The Kids Mental Health Foundation, conducted by Ipsos, finds half of parents believe spending too much time on technology and social media hinder children from making meaningful connections as they head into the upcoming school year. The poll, conducted by Ipsos on behalf of ...

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Technology

Robot planning tool accounts for human carelessness

PULLMAN, Wash. -- A new algorithm may make robots safer by making them more aware of human inattentiveness. In computerized simulations of packaging and assembly lines where humans and robots work together, the algorithm developed to account for human carelessness improved safety by about a maximum of 80% and efficiency by about a maximum of 38% compared to existing methods. The work is reported in IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems. “There are a large number of accidents that are happening every day due to carelessness – most of them, unfortunately, from human errors,” said lead ...

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Technology

US companies' global market reach linked to cloud computing use

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — U.S. firms that use cloud computing services are more likely to export their products and services, according to a new study by researchers at Penn State and the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF). The team said the findings were stronger for firms located outside of large cities and demonstrate the need for expanded availability of the high-speed internet required for cloud computing to support economic development. The study, which also found that cloud-using firms exported goods and services even more than exporting firms ...

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New study reveals loophole in digital wallet security—even if rightful cardholder doesn’t use a digital wallet
Technology

New study reveals loophole in digital wallet security—even if rightful cardholder doesn’t use a digital wallet

Digital wallets — like Apple Pay, Google Pay and PayPal — are projected to be used by more than 5.3 billion people by 2026. While these wallets promote increased security over traditional payment methods, reliance on outdated authentication methods and prioritizing convenience over security leaves digital wallets vulnerable, according to new research led by computer engineers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. “What we have discovered is [that] these digital wallets are not secure,” says Taqi Raza, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering and an author on the paper. “The main reason is that they have unconditional trust between ...

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Technology

New research identifies early sensorimotor markers for autism spectrum disorder

New York, August 14 2024 – A study published in the journal iSCIENCE has uncovered significant findings related to the early sensorimotor features and cognitive abilities of toddlers who are later diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The research, led by Kristina Denisova, a professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at the CUNY Graduate Center and Queens College, takes an important step toward better understanding ASD so that more precise, individually tailored interventions can be developed. Autism Spectrum Disorder, typically diagnosed around the ages of 4 to ...

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Cybersecurity flaws could derail high-profile cycling races
Technology

Cybersecurity flaws could derail high-profile cycling races

High-end bicycles used for high-profile road races such as the Tour de France are vulnerable to cybersecurity attacks targeting the bike’s wireless gear shifting system. In recent years, bicycle manufacturers have adopted wireless gear-shifting technology, which gives riders better control over changing gears. The technology is not vulnerable to the physical issues that plague mechanical systems. However, the way the wireless systems were built created critical cybersecurity vulnerabilities, which a team of computer scientists from the University of California ...

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