About The Study: In this study, automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in private homes were effective at improving outcomes for patients with cardiac arrest and a shockable rhythm. Given the relative rarity of cardiac arrest at a given home, general purchase of AEDs for individual private homes cannot be considered cost-effective at the current pricing of AEDs.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Lars W. Andersen, MD, MPH, PhD, DMSc, email lwandersen@clin.au.dk. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.6123) Editor’s ...

University of Phoenix College of Social and Behavioral Sciences announces a new white paper, “Trauma-Informed Education – A Pathway for Relief, Retention, and Renewal,” authored by College leadership Sheila Babendir, Ed.D., LPAC; Barbara Burt, Psy.D.; Michelle Crawford-Morrison, LMFT, LPCC, NCC; Samantha E. Dutton, Ph.D., LCSW-R; Christine Karper, Ph.D., LMHC (QCS); and MaryJo Trombley, Ph.D. The paper asserts that implementing trauma-informed practices can improve outcomes for students and educators, driving retention and ...

A team of scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has introduced a groundbreaking nature-based solution to tackle global soil pollution—a crisis threatening ecosystems, agriculture, and human health. Their new research demonstrates that harnessing the natural power of microbes and iron minerals can remove toxic substances from soils efficiently and sustainably. Soil pollution has reached alarming levels worldwide due to industrial activity, agricultural chemicals, and improper waste management. From heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants ...

The ability to sense heat protects the body from burns and injury. But how the body actually feels temperature has remained an elusive mystery. Now, Northwestern University researchers have captured a detailed look at one of the body’s major heat sensors, revealing how it turns on when temperatures rise.  This sensor, called TRPM3, sits in the cell membrane, where it acts like a tiny gate. When TRPM3 detects heat, it allows charged particles, or ions, to flow into the cell. This triggers nerve signals, which the brain interprets ...

A comprehensive analysis of over 5.2 million hospitalizations reveals a troubling surge in severe diverticulitis cases among Americans younger than 50. The analysis, led by researchers from UCLA and Vanderbilt University and published in the journal Diseases in the Colon & Rectum, reviewed hospital admissions for adult diverticulitis patients in the U.S. from 2005 to 2020. The researchers found that the proportion of younger patients among those admitted with complicated diverticulitis, a subtype of diverticulitis, involving abscesses, perforations or other serious complications increased ...

(MEMPHIS, Tenn. – October 24, 2025) Metabolism guides the activation states of regulatory T cells, the immune cells that prevent inappropriate activation of the immune system. St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital scientists recently uncovered how mitochondria, the powerhouse of cells, and lysosomes, cellular recycling systems, work together to activate and deactivate these immune controllers. Their discoveries carry implications from understanding autoimmune and inflammatory diseases to improving immunotherapy for cancer. The ...

Researchers at North Carolina State University have shown a link between the size of cockroach home infestations and the levels of both allergens and endotoxins in those homes, with lowering roach infestation numbers through pest control triggering significant declines in the levels of allergens and endotoxins. The study’s findings suggest that eliminating cockroach infestations could help improve indoor environmental health by greatly reducing allergens and endotoxins. Endotoxins are bacterial cellular components that get released when bacteria die. As omnivores that will eat just about anything, cockroaches have a rich and diverse ...

Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences have unveiled a promising strategy to address persistent organic pollutants—dangerous substances found in industrial waste, pesticides, and contaminated soils that threaten environmental and human health. Their latest review highlights how biochar-supported microbial systems can revolutionize the remediation of these contaminants. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, and chlorinated solvents, are notorious ...

There is growing interest in high-biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) as a bioenergy feedstock, but more information is needed to determine the most suitable varieties for the U.S. Midwest. This study by researchers at the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI), a Department of Energy-funded Bioenergy Research Center, evaluated and compared the yield potential of 13 sorghum hybrids in central and southern Illinois. The 13 sorghum hybrids (H1-H13) were grown for two seasons (2022-2023) ...

LA JOLLA (October 24, 2025)—The rate of HIV infection continues to climb globally. Around 40 million people live with HIV-1, the most common HIV strain. While symptoms can now be better managed with lifelong treatment, there is no cure to fully eliminate the virus from the body, so patients still often struggle with related health issues, side effects, social stigma, and drug resistance. One of the most promising treatment avenues is disrupting HIV replication by impairing the function of integrase, a protein named for its role in integrating viral genetic material into the human ...

DENVER -- A new study led by researchers at National Jewish Health has revealed that, while a wide range of viruses can cause lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRIs) in infants, certain viruses and viral combinations dramatically increase the risk of severe disease. The findings, published this month in Journal of Infection, come from the Puerto Rican Infant Metagenomic and Epidemiologic Study of Respiratory Outcomes (PRIMERO), which followed more than 2,000 children from birth to age two between 2020 and ...

Quantifying the carbon (C) uptake of the perennial grass, Miscanthus × giganteus (M × g), in both aboveground and belowground structures (e.g., net primary productivity (NPP)) and differences among methodological approaches is crucial. Many estimates of M × g productivity focus on aboveground harvestable yields and do not directly address belowground biomass in this perennial crop. A study by researchers at the Center for Advanced ...

A team of researchers led by the University of California San Diego has discovered a new way to make yeast cells more efficient “factories” for producing valuable plant compounds. The advance could enable the sustainable manufacturing of plant-derived chemicals used to help plants defend against disease, repel pests, attract pollinators, and withstand environmental stresses such as drought and heat. The new study focuses on improving the performance of plant enzymes known as cytochrome P450s — which play essential roles in the metabolic pathways that produce most of these ...

The tiny blood vessels in your eyes might hold the key to predicting a person’s risk of developing heart disease and how fast they’re biologically aging, according to researchers at McMaster University and Population Health Research Institute (PHRI) - a joint institute of Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster. The study, published in Sciences Advances on Oct. 24, 2025, suggests that retinal scans could one day serve as a non-invasive window into the body’s overall vascular health and biological aging status, offering ...

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — Children who are mistreated at a young age are more likely to experience a wide range of developmental delays and health problems, according to Christian Connell, Ken Young Family Professor in Healthy Children and professor of human development and family studies at Penn State. To combat these developmental problems, federal law requires that children under the age of three who are abused or neglected be evaluated for a developmental delay. Connell led a team of researchers who found that a child’s involvement with the Pennsylvania child welfare system (CWS) influenced how likely they were to be diagnosed with a developmental ...

New York City’s roads and bridges already incur millions in annual damage from oversized trucks, and a new study warns the shift to electric freight could intensify that burden. As electric trucks replace diesel models, their heavier batteries could increase the city's yearly repair costs by up to nearly 12 percent by 2050. Led by C2SMART researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering in collaboration with Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) and published in Transport Policy, the study finds that oversized trucks already cause about $4.16 million in damage ...

Maternal stress during pregnancy profoundly affects fetal growth and long-term health. This comprehensive review synthesizes evidence showing that elevated cortisol, disrupted brain connectivity, and stress-induced inflammation can alter fetal brain structure, immune function, and developmental programming. The timing and type of stress exposure—ranging from natural disasters to chronic anxiety—determine specific outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and emotional dysregulation. These effects, often mediated through the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and epigenetic mechanisms, may extend ...

The Bezos Earth Fund has announced a $2 million grant to the University California, Davis, the American Heart Association and other partners to advance “Swap it Smart” as part of its AI for Climate & Nature Grand Challenge. The funding will support research that could help redesign foods, for example optimizing for flavor profile, nutritional properties and lower costs and environmental impact.   Swap it Smart is an AI-powered recipe formulation tool in development by scientists at the UC Davis in collaboration ...

  Humanitarian organisations must go beyond reactive compliance to data protection laws if they are to continue using technology in a principled, safe, and trusted way in the digital age, experts have said. The sector must share knowledge and best practices for protecting the data of affected populations and shape the technologies it uses as they become central to the way aid is delivered around the world. In a new book, the experts highlight the risk of “scope creep”, where technologies initially created for emergency relief can be repurposed or used for other aims, potentially undermining ...

A recent review published in Engineering highlights particle vision analysis (PVA), a rapidly developing field at the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and microscopic imaging. The review emphasizes the potential of PVA to accelerate discovery, strengthen quality control, and promote sustainable production across nanomanufacturing, biomanufacturing, and pharmaceuticals. Particles underpin materials and processes across sectors, and their microscopic behaviors determine performance, safety, and ...

For many of us, climate change feels like a distant threat – damage that happens in the future somewhere far away to people we know little about. A new Stanford University-led study reveals how virtual reality can close that distance, enabling users to explore faraway places, develop a sense of attachment to those places, and care more about how a warming world is wreaking havoc on people’s lives. The findings, published this week in Scientific Reports, show that VR experiences significantly reduce people’s indifference to climate change-driven damages in faraway places compared to viewing static images. The findings demonstrate ...

Optica Publishing Group today announced that the Journal of the Optical Society of America B (JOSA B) will pilot the Subscribe to Open (S2O) model in 2026. This innovative publishing approach leverages the existing subscription framework to make research articles freely available to readers worldwide—without shifting publishing costs to authors. Under the S2O model, current JOSA B institutional subscribers renew their subscriptions as usual. If enough renewals are received, all content published in the 2026 volume of JOSA B will be made open access and freely available to all readers. If the subscription ...

Jacksonville, Fla. – The University of North Florida announced that the Korey Stringer Institute at UNF (KSI at UNF) and Perry Weather will open a state-of-the-art heat exercise laboratory on campus in the spring.  KSI, the nation’s leading exertional heat stroke prevention institute, and Perry Weather, a leading weather safety platform, will provide lab-and-field-based research, education, advocacy and consultation through UNF to maximize performance, optimize safety and prevent sudden death for those who are exposed to the heat during ...

In the summer of 1812, French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte led about half a million soldiers to invade the Russian Empire. But by December, only a fraction of the army remained alive. Historical records suggest that starvation, cold, and typhus led to their demise. In a new study publishing October 24 in the Cell Press journal Current Biology, a team of microbial paleogenomicists extracted DNA from the soldiers’ teeth and found no trace of typhus. Instead, they identified two pathogens known to cause enteric fever and relapsing fever—ailments which likely contributed to the army’s downfall.  “It’s very exciting to use a technology we have ...

Scientists from the Institut Pasteur have genetically analyzed the remains of former soldiers who retreated from Russia in 1812. They detected two pathogens, those responsible for paratyphoid fever and relapsing fever, which correlate with the symptoms described in historical accounts. The study was published as a preprint on bioRxiv on July 16, 2025. It will be published in the journal Current Biology on October 24. The famous Russian campaign led by Napoleon in 1812, also known as the "Patriotic War of 1812," ended with the retreat of the French army. Scientists from the Institut Pasteur's ...