Antarctica’s Southern Ocean is one of the most demanding places on Earth when it comes to survival. Its waters plunge below freezing, long periods of darkness restrict growth and feeding, and food webs shift with relentless climate swings. Yet one group of fish — the notothenioids, or Antarctic icefish — not only survived here but flourished. From a single ancestor tens of millions of years ago, they evolved into dozens of species. Some cruise near the surface, others prowl the seafloor, and still others dart through the open water. A new ...

TAMPA, Fla. (Sept. 30, 2025) — Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have reported encouraging results from a phase 1B clinical trial showing that the immunotherapy drug avelumab, when combined with whole brain radiotherapy, may provide a safe and effective treatment option for patients with leptomeningeal disease, one of the most aggressive and difficult-to-treat complications of advanced cancer. The findings were published in Neuro-Oncology.  Leptomeningeal disease occurs when cancer cells spread to the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. ...

Currently, the treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) work in one of two ways, explains Joseph Schacht, PhD, associate professor of psychiatry at the University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine — they either make the effects of alcohol less pleasurable, or they reduce cravings for alcohol. “Those are important things for alcohol and substance use disorders — reducing how good the drug makes you feel or how much you want to use it,” Schacht says. But is there another mechanism a drug could target to help people with alcohol use disorder? ...

Kansas City, MO — September 30, 2025 — Some of nature’s most important secrets are hidden in plain sight. David Stern, Ph.D., has spent his career unlocking such mysteries, from fruit fly genetics to the proteins insects use to hijack plants. The Stowers Institute for Medical Research is proud to announce Stern’s appointment as Investigator. Stern, a Senior Group Leader at Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Janelia campus since 2011, will move his lab and HHMI appointment to Kansas City in February 2026. Stern and his lab pioneered research behind the battle between plants ...

A groundbreaking new study from the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology aims to test whether digital tools and chatbot technology can help young adult cancer survivors get the genetic counseling they need to better understand future health risks to themselves and family members. Led by Alliance Study Chair Angela Bradbury, MD, Professor of Medicine in the Division of Hematology Oncology at the University of Pennsylvania Abramson Cancer Center, the AYA ACCESS (Alliance A232301CD) study will enroll participants to study ways to address longstanding gaps in genetic services for adolescents and young adults (AYA) aged 18 to 39, who often receive care in community settings ...

HOUSTON – (Sept. 30, 2025) – Atoms in crystalline solids sometimes vibrate in unison, giving rise to emergent phenomena known as phonons. Because these collective vibrations set the pace for how heat and energy move through materials, they play a central role in devices that capture or emit light, like solar cells and LEDs. A team of researchers from Rice University and collaborators have found a way to make two different phonons in thin films of lead halide perovskite interact with light so strongly that they merge into entirely ...

Human-caused biodiversity loss has accelerated over the past fifty years. An opinion article published September 30th in the open-access journal PLOS Biology by a team of renowned international authors, including Anne Larigauderie, former Executive Secretary of Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), concludes that stopping biodiversity loss is contingent on transformative social and cultural changes across multiple scales. The IPBES Transformative Change Assessment is a 2024 report prepared by an interdisciplinary group of nearly 100 scientists and holders of Indigenous and local knowledge. It aims to inform the implementation ...

A new artificial intelligence tool can scan social media data to discover adverse events associated with consumer health products, according to a study published September 30th in the open-access journal PLOS Digital Health by John Ayers of the University of California, San Diego, U.S., and colleagues. The constant post-market surveillance of the safety of consumer products is crucial for public health and safety. However, current adverse-event reporting systems for approved prescription medications and medical devices depend on voluntary submissions from doctors and manufactures to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The rapid growth ...

In experiments with mouse models of breast, pancreatic, and muscle cancers, researchers at Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital report new evidence that a novel means of boosting the natural immune system prevents cancer recurrence and improves survival.     The study, published Sept. 2 in Nature Immunology, was federally funded by the National Cancer Institute/NIH. Malignant tumors are often described as immune-suppressive or “immune cold,” meaning the patient’s immune system does not recognize or attack ...

About The Study: This single-center cohort study found that an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven pipeline can successfully automate lymph node segmentation and imaging-based extranodal extension (iENE) classification from pretreatment computed tomography scans in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma. Predicted iENE was independently associated with worse oncologic outcomes. External validation is required to assess generalizability and the potential for implementation in institutions ...

Air quality in America’s largest cities has steadily improved thanks to tighter regulations on key sources of particulate pollution. However, increased heat, wildfire smoke and other emerging global drivers of urban aerosol pollution are now combining to create a new set of challenges for public health officials tasked with protecting millions of people on the East Coast. Research from Colorado State University published in npj Climate and Atmospheric Science begins to unpack and characterize these developing relationships against the backdrop of New York City. The research quantifies how existing particulate pollution from sources such as vehicle exhaust or consumer products are ...

Vienna, Austria: Doctors and nurses are better at triaging patients in emergency departments than artificial intelligence (AI), according to research presented at the European Emergency Medicine Congress today (Tuesday) [1]. However, Dr Renata Jukneviciene, a postdoctoral researcher at Vilnius University, Lithuania, who presented the study, said that AI could be useful when used in conjunction with clinical staff, but should not be used as a stand-alone triage tool. “We conducted this study to address the growing issue of overcrowding in the emergency department and the escalating workload of nurses,” ...

Quantum metals are metals where quantum effects—behaviors that normally only matter at atomic scales—become powerful enough to control the metal's macroscopic electrical properties.  Researchers in Japan have explained how electricity behaves in a special group of quantum metals called kagome metals. The study is the first to show how weak magnetic fields reverse tiny loop electrical currents inside these metals. This switching changes the material's macroscopic electrical properties and reverses which direction has easier electrical flow, a property ...

Propene is one of the most important basic petrochemicals widely used for the production of polypropylene, solvents, acrylic acid, etc. The conventional routes for the manufacture of this building block include steam or fluid catalytic cracking of different oil fractions, methanol to olefin and non-oxidative propane dehydrogenation (PDH). The PDH approach has been attracting increasing attention because of the shale gas revolution. This reaction is carried out on a large scale using highly expensive or environmentally unfriendly Pt- or Cr-containing catalysts. Co-based catalysts are of particular interest due to their excellent ability to selectively activate C-H bonds in various alkanes.   It ...

The marimo (Aegagropila brownii), a nationally designated Special Natural Monument of Japan, inhabits Lake Akan in Hokkaido, where environmental conditions fluctuate drastically with the seasons. Of particular concern is the period immediately after ice melt in early spring, when low water temperatures coincide with strong sunlight, posing a risk of severe damage to photosynthetic activity. In this study, a research team led by the Astrobiology Center conducted a detailed assessment of marimo photosynthetic performance during this critical transition period, combining field observations ...

New findings highlight the pioneering role of human groups who lived in the interior of northern Arabia shortly after the hyper-arid conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), guided by the return of seasonal water sources – and leaving behind a monumental legacy in rock art. A team of international archaeologists, led by the Heritage Commission, Saudi Ministry of Culture, and comprising scholars from the Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology), University College ...

About The Study: The findings of this qualitative study of home-delivered nutrition services for older adults suggest that home-delivered meals programs achieved their intended outcomes and yielded meaningful benefits beyond their stated purpose that remain to be quantified. The findings also support funding the Older Americans Act Nutrition Program. Corresponding author: To contact the corresponding author, Kali S. Thomas, Ph.D., email kali.thomas@jhu.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/  (doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.34747) Editor’s Note: Please see the article ...

About The Study: The findings of this randomized clinical trial show that electroacupuncture significantly accelerated postprostatectomy urinary continence recovery and may serve as a safe adjunct to standard care. These findings support integrating electroacupuncture into multimodal rehabilitation protocols to reduce early urinary incontinence burden. Corresponding author: To contact the corresponding author, Xuefeng Qiu, M.D., Ph.D., email xuefeng_qiu@nju.edu.cn. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.34491) Editor’s Note: Please ...

Exercise can help to restore a more normal, well-regulated immune system in people with post-COVID syndrome, according to a gold-standard randomised-controlled trial presented at the European Respiratory Society Congress in Amsterdam, the Netherlands [1]. The study was presented by Dr Enya Daynes, from a team of researchers led by Professor Nicolette Bishop from Loughborough University, UK. Dr Daynes told the Congress: “Research suggests that those with post-COVID syndrome are at an increased risk of immune dysregulation where, instead of protecting the body, the ...

OAK BROOK, Ill. – Researchers in Israel have detailed the experience of one hospital’s radiology department during the mass casualty incident following the October 7, 2023, attack in southern Israel, to provide recommendations for future crisis preparedness, according to a new study published today in Radiology, a journal of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). The findings underscore the critical importance of in-hospital triage protocols, rapid staff mobilization and versatile imaging resources management. ...

The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (BBRF) today announced the 2025 class of 165 Young Investigator grantees, providing $11.4 million in two-year seed funding to early-career scientists pursuing innovative basic, translational, and clinical studies in brain and behavior disorders. This represents a 10% increase in the number of grants, to enhance our support for young scientists. Grantees were selected from 895 applications by BBRF’s Scientific Council, a volunteer body of 194 leading ...

An advanced AI tool can detect tiny brain lesions that cause severe epilepsy in children, allowing faster diagnosis, more precise treatment and a potential cure, according to a new study. Developed by a team at Murdoch Children’s Research Institute (MCRI) and The Royal Children’s Hospital (RCH), the ‘AI epilepsy detective’ can find lesions (focal cortical dysplasias) the size of a blueberry, in up to 94 per cent of cases with the support of medical imaging. MCRI’s Dr Emma Macdonald-Laurs, a RCH neurologist, who led the team that created the detector, said more accurate diagnosis of cortical dysplasia ...

By targeting a specific area of the brain, researchers at Washington State University may now hold the key to curbing the debilitating symptoms of alcohol withdrawal that push many people back to drinking. The new study found the answer to helping people get through alcohol withdrawal may lie in a region of the brain known as the cerebellum. In mice experiencing withdrawal, scientists were able to ease the physical and emotional symptoms by altering brain function in this brain region using both genetic tools and a specialized compound. The findings, published in the journal Neuropharmacology, could help pave the way for targeted therapies that make recovery more manageable. “Our ...

BEER-SHEVA, ISRAEL, September 30, 2025 – A new study from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) sheds light on how a firstborn child's behavior after the arrival of a sibling can predict the quality of their sibling relationship over time. The research, published in Social Development (https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.70008), highlights the crucial role of maternal reflective functioning in mitigating negative outcomes, particularly for children exhibiting internalizing behavioral problems. The study, co-authored by Prof. Naama Atzaba-Poria and Dr. Porat Yakov from BGU's Department ...

As sand temperatures continue to rise, concerns about the future of sea turtles are growing. Hotter nests not only skew sex ratios – producing more females – but also reduce hatchling survival, slow growth, and increase the likelihood of physical deformities. Yet one important and often overlooked question remains: does this heat also affect cognitive ability – how well hatchlings can learn, adapt and respond to the rapidly changing world they face from the moment they emerge? A new study by researchers at Florida Atlantic University’s Charles E. Schmidt College of ...