Volcanoes that blast gases high into the atmosphere not only change global temperatures but also influence flooding in unusual ways, Princeton researchers have found. In an August 26 article in the journal Nature Geoscience, the researchers reported that major eruptions create distinct patterns of flooding depending on the location of the volcano and the dispersal of its plume. The patterns mostly divide along the line of the equator. When a volcano’s plume is generally contained in one hemisphere, flooding decreases in that hemisphere and ...

UCLA scientists have developed the first comprehensive road map showing how the ovarian reserve forms in primates, providing crucial insights into women’s health that could revolutionize treatments for infertility and hormonal disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS. The research, detailed in Nature Communications, represents a six-year collaboration among scientists from UCLA, Harvard, UC San Francisco and the National Institutes of Health-funded Oregon National Primate Research Center. The ovarian reserve — the lifetime supply of eggs that a woman ...

EMBARGOED by Springer Nature until 10 a.m. GMT, Aug. 26, 2025 Contact: Maria Ober, mpober@bu.edu, 617-224-8963 (BOSTON) – People with type 2 obesity-driven diabetes tend to have more aggressive breast cancers, but no one knows exactly why. A new study by researchers at Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and published in Springer Nature found that tiny particles in the blood, known as exosomes, which are altered by diabetes, can reprogram immune cells inside tumors making them weaker and allowing ...

Three widely used artificial intelligence chatbots generally do a good job responding to very-high-risk and very-low-risk questions about suicide, but they are inconsistent in answering questions about suicide that may pose intermediate risks, according to a new RAND study.   Examining ChatGPT by OpenAI, Claude by Anthropic, and Gemini by Google, researchers found that ChatGPT and Claude generated appropriate responses to very-low-risk suicide-related questions and avoided direct responses to very-high-risk suicide-related questions that might encourage self-harm. Responses from Gemini were more variable.     Very-high-risk ...

Osaka, Japan - Researchers at The University of Osaka have developed a novel technique to enhance the performance and reliability of silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices, a key component in power electronics. This breakthrough utilizes a unique two-step annealing process involving diluted hydrogen, to eliminate unnecessary impurities and significantly improve device reliability. SiC power devices offer superior energy efficiency compared to traditional silicon-based devices, making them ideal for applications like electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. However, previous attempts to improve ...

Ann Arbor, August 26, 2025 - An analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) among 5,374 women of reproductive age indicates that two thirds of women within this demographic have at least one modifiable risk factor, such as low folate status or unmanaged diabetes, that can increase the chance of serious birth defects. The new study appearing in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, published by Elsevier, highlights that identifying and addressing these changeable risk factors, especially before pregnancy, are important for public health programs and healthcare providers ...

MANCHESTER, UK, 26 August 2025 -- In a revealing Genomic Press Interview published today in Brain Medicine, Professor Alexei Verkhratsky dismantles decades of neuroscience orthodoxy with discoveries that position neuroglia as active architects of brain function rather than passive cellular bystanders. The Ukrainian-born scientist, whose journey from Soviet-era Kiev to Manchester spans four decades of transformative research, presents compelling evidence that treating brain disorders requires fundamentally rethinking how we approach neurological therapeutics by targeting neuroglia. The interview unveils a remarkable scientific odyssey. Starting with patch-clamp precursor techniques ...

BRISBANE, Queensland, AUSTRALIA, 26 August 2025 — In a compelling interview with Genomic Press, published today in Genomic Psychiatry, Dr. Miguel E. Rentería reveals how his journey from Mexico to becoming one of Australia's most influential neuroscientists exemplifies the transformative power of curiosity, determination, and global scientific collaboration. The piece showcases a researcher whose innovative combination of genomics, neuroscience, and cutting-edge data science is poised to revolutionize how we understand and treat Parkinson's disease and psychiatric conditions ...

CHICAGO, Illinois, USA, 26 August 2025 -- In a revealing Genomic Press Interview published today in Psychedelics, Dr. Harriet de Wit shares insights from her extraordinary 45-year scientific journey that has fundamentally transformed global understanding of how psychoactive drugs affect human behavior and consciousness. The Director of the Human Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory at the University of Chicago discusses breakthrough discoveries that are reshaping psychiatric treatment approaches worldwide, from PTSD therapy to addiction science. The interview ...

Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have found that changing the timing of fertility drugs to match the follicle maturity period significantly increases the number of ovulated oocytes—the cells that develop into eggs—during artificial fertilization, even in rats that typically produce few oocytes. Their findings add to research on maximizing the number of oocytes. The cells are an important part of reproduction, because boosting the amount and quality that are released increases the chance of becoming pregnant. Increasing their ...

Ibuprofen and paracetamol are common over-the-counter medications that many of us reach for when we’re sick. But new research from the University of South Australia shows that these trusted staples are quietly fuelling one of the world’s biggest health threats: antibiotic resistance.   In the first study of its kind, researchers found that ibuprofen and paracetamol are not only driving antibiotic resistance when used individually but amplifying it when used together.   Assessing the interaction of non-antibiotic medications, the broad-spectrum antibiotic ciprofloxacin, and Escherichia ...

Nine out of 10 Australian teachers are experiencing severe stress, and nearly 70% say their workload is unmanageable, says UNSW Sydney research. A new study from researchers at UNSW Sydney – the first to examine rates of depression, anxiety and stress in Australian teachers – has found they experience these mental health issues at three times the national norm. The study ‘Teachers’ workload, turnover intentions, and mental health’ published in Social Psychology of Education surveyed nearly 5000 primary and secondary school teachers across the country. Researchers found that 90% of teachers ...

DENVER (AUG 25, 2025) A new study led by researchers at National Jewish Health has found that recent infection with the common cold — often caused by rhinoviruses — may offer temporary protection against infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The research provides fresh insight into why children are less likely than adults to develop symptoms and could point toward new ways to reduce the severity of respiratory illnesses. Published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases earlier this month, the study analyzed data from the nationwide Human Epidemiology and Response to SARS-CoV-2 (HEROS) study, ...

Jessie Chin, assistant professor in the School of Information Sciences at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, has received a National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER award to support lifelong learning and foster information literacy. This prestigious award is given in support of early-career faculty who have the potential to serve as academic role models in research and education and to lead advances in the mission of their department or organization. Chin's project, "Search as a Mechanism for Learning," will be supported by a five-year, $629,451 grant from the NSF. Her project will examine how information retrieval (IR) systems are used for lifelong ...

WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. — Certain types of biochemical processes can impair the immune system’s ability to recognize and kill cancer cells. Purdue University’s W. Andy Tao and his associates have developed a new way to study these processes. They demonstrated the validity of their method in experiments involving leukemia and rare liver cancer cell lines. Tao and 10 co-authors published the details of their new method Aug. 1 in the Journal of the American Chemical Society. Their work provides a system for tracking and identifying the various types of proteins and an unheralded but widely secreted class of bioparticles ...

Five years ago, in the aftermath of the George Floyd murder, Black-founded startups had “a moment” when venture capitalists (VCs) were eager to invest. In the two years after Floyd’s death, the share of VC dollars that went to Black businesses jumped by 43%. Unfortunately for those fledgling companies, and the ones that have followed, that interest and those dollars were short-lived, according to new Cornell research. “The main increase in funding was among those investors who, before May 25, 2020, had never ...

Tool spots developmental delays early, when intervention can make the biggest difference  iPad app uses videos and eye-tracking to measure babies’ learning and responses Tool validated by 2,500 infants and toddlers, making it reliable across diverse families EVANSTON, Ill. --- Developmental scientists and medical social science experts at Northwestern University have spearheaded the creation of the most recent NIH Toolbox, providing the newest nationally standardized assessment of cognitive, language, motor and social-emotional skill development in infants aged 16 days to 42 months. The original NIH Toolbox, although ...

Researchers from the University of Maryland School of Medicine developed a new and highly effective application of an artificial intelligence (AI) tool to quickly scan notes in electronic medical records and identify high-risk patients who may have been infected with H5N1 avian influenza or “bird flu”, according to new findings published in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases. Using a generative AI large language model (LLM), the research team analyzed 13,494 visits across University of Maryland Medical System (UMMS) hospital emergency departments from adult patients in urban, suburban, and rural areas in 2024. These patients ...

Embargoed for release until 5:00 p.m. ET on Monday 25 August 2025    Follow @Annalsofim on X, Facebook, Instagram, Bluesky, and Linkedin              Below please find summaries of new articles that will be published in the next issue of Annals of Internal Medicine. The summaries are not intended to substitute for the full articles as a source of information. This information is under strict embargo and by taking it into possession, media representatives are ...

PREDIMED-Plus, a Spanish multicenter clinical trial in which the University of Navarra participates, demonstrates that modest, sustained changes in diet and lifestyle can prevent thousands of cases of diabetes worldwide Pamplona (Spain), August 25. Eating Mediterranean-style, but with fewer calories, more moderate exercise, and professional support for weight loss, reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 31%. This is the main finding of PREDIMED-Plus, a large Spanish multicenter clinical trial in which the University of Navarra is participating in collaboration with more than 200 researchers from 22 other Spanish universities, hospitals, ...

Embargoed for release: Monday, August 25, 2025, 5:00 PM ET Key points: Those who adhered to a Mediterranean diet, reduced their caloric intakes, engaged in moderate exercise, and received professional weight loss support had a 31% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those who adhered to a Mediterranean diet alone. The findings come from PREDIMED-Plus, the largest nutrition and lifestyle clinical trial ever conducted in Europe. Boston, MA—A Mediterranean-style diet, in combination with reduced caloric intake, moderate physical activity, and professional support for weight loss, may cut the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by 31%, according to a new study ...

The 10th International Congress on Peer Review and Scientific Publication will take place Sept. 3–5 in Chicago.     Co-hosted by the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), the British Medical Journal (The BMJ), and the Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), this once-every-four-years event serves as “peer review on peer review.” It turns the focus on the scientific publishing process itself, with the goal of improving the conduct, reporting, and dissemination of scientific research.     Since 1989, the Congress has tackled the issues of the day, from record digitization to internet-based review. This year, ...

Some 390 million years ago in the ancient ocean, marine animals began colonizing depths previously uninhabited. New research indicates this underwater migration occurred in response to a permanent increase in deep-ocean oxygen, driven by the aboveground spread of woody plants — precursors to Earth’s first forests.  That rise in oxygen coincided with a period of remarkable diversification among fish with jaws — the ancestors of most vertebrates alive today. The finding suggests that oxygenation might have shaped evolutionary patterns among prehistoric species. “It’s known that oxygen is a necessary condition for animal evolution, but the extent to which ...

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE – August 25, 2025 Contact: Leann Fox, Director of Advocacy and Public Affairs lfox@biophysics.org | (240) 290-5606 Melanie Cocco Named as Next Editor-in-Chief of Biophysical Reports BETHESDA, MD – The Biophysical Society is pleased to announce that Melanie Cocco of the University of California, Irvine has been named as the new Editor-in-Chief of Biophysical Reports, the Society’s high-quality, forward-looking gold open access journal. The journal published its first articles in 2021, ...

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Monday, August 25, 2025 Contact: Jillian McKoy, jpmckoy@bu.edu  Michael Saunders, msaunder@bu.edu ##  Most research suggests that opioid overdoses involving multiple substances in the United States typically occur among people ages 25-54. However, a new study led by Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH) and Mass General Brigham for Children indicates that polysubstance-involved opioid overdoses are also prevalent among youth. Published in the journal Pediatrics, the study examined trends in overdose mortality and found that, among youth, opioid overdoses more commonly involved ...