Chimpanzees may have more in common with human thinkers than previously thought. A new study published in Science by researchers provides evidence that chimpanzees can rationally revise their beliefs when presented with new information. The study, titled “Chimpanzees rationally revise their beliefs,” was conducted by a large research team that included UC Berkeley Psychology Postdoctoral Researcher Emily Sanford, UC Berkeley Psychology Professor Jan Engelmann and Utrecht University Psychology Professor Hanna Schleihauf. Their findings showed that chimpanzees — like humans ...

PITTSBURGH, Oct. 30, 2025 – An international team led by a University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine scientist has created a first-of-its-kind resource to identify those with a genetic risk for elevated ‘bad’ cholesterol -- a major contributor to heart disease. Published today in Science, this resource can assist clinicians in predicting patient risk for heart attacks and strokes, allowing time for prevention and early treatment. Heart disease remains the leading cause of death in the United States, claiming nearly 700,000 ...

A UCLA-led team of scientists has uncovered how the devastating magnitude 7.7 earthquake that struck Myanmar in March 2025 produced one of the longest and fastest-moving ruptures ever recorded on land. The study, published in Science, shows that the earthquake ruptured about 530 kilometers of the Sagaing Fault, with a 450-kilometer segment racing faster than the speed of seismic shear waves—a rare phenomenon known as a supershear rupture. These “Mach-like” ruptures generate shock waves that can greatly amplify ground shaking and damage. “Supershear earthquakes are like breaking the sound barrier, but in rock,” said Lingsen Meng, a professor of ...

One of the biggest challenges in cancer treatment is chemoresistance: tumors that initially respond well to chemotherapy become resistant over time. When that happens, treatment options are often limited. The research team led by Arnab Ray Chaudhuri has now uncovered a mechanism by which BRCA2-deficient tumors develop this resistance. The proteins BRCA2 and FIGNL1 appear to have a different function than previously assumed. “These findings change the paradigm of thought,” says Ray Chaudhuri. The team also ...

A team led by Weill Cornell Medicine and University of Miami’s Miller School of Medicine investigators has been awarded a five-year, $4 million grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) for health economics research. The team will study the economics of substance use disorder treatments and overdose prevention strategies for individuals who are incarcerated or otherwise involved in the United States’ criminal legal system. Interventions for people with substance use disorders are often inadequate in the criminal-legal ...

MADISON — New research from the University of Wisconsin–Madison reveals that dysfunction in a protein essential to maintaining stability in our chromosomes may be responsible for serious — and sometimes deadly — diseases. Their findings, published today in Science, could provide patients and their doctors with new protein mutations to test for certain cancers and bone marrow diseases. Our chromosomes (bundles of proteins and DNA that store all our genetic information), are protected from degradation by telomeres — the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes made from repetitive DNA ...

Researchers characterize distinct immune environments in lymphoma, providing a new framework to engage the immune system in treating the disease Study finds U.S. adults have widespread misperceptions of the cancer risks of alcohol Scientists discover new target for pain hypersensitivity Early clinical studies show encouraging results in kidney and prostate cancer HOUSTON, OCTOBER 30, 2025 ― At The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, research breakthroughs are made possible through seamless collaboration between ...

DALLAS, Oct. 30, 2025 — Both on the court and off, cardiovascular disease is the leading killer of women in the United States, taking the lives of more than 440,000 women each year, according to the American Heart Association, a relentless force changing the future of health for everyone everywhere. The Association’s Go Red for Women® movement is working to raise awareness, improve education and inspire action to help women better understand and learn how to prevent their number one health threat. For the first time, 19 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) women’s ...

The origins of vivid colours within the gemstone ammolite — a rare type of brightly coloured fossilised ammonite shell — are reported in research published in Scientific Reports.  The colours of ammolite occur within a preserved layer of nacre — also known as mother-of-pearl — which consists of layered plates of the mineral aragonite and a small amount of organic material such as proteins. Although it is thought that the colours of ammolite arise from the interaction of light with these layers, the origins of these colours have not been evaluated experimentally.  Hiroaki ...

LAWRENCE — A new study appearing in Nature Microbiology analyzes soils sampled across the state of Kansas to determine the importance of “legacy effects” — or how soils from a specific location are influenced by microbes that have evolved in response to the specific climate at that site for many years. “The bacteria and fungi and other organisms living in the soil can actually end up having important effects on things that matter, like carbon sequestration, nutrient movement and what we’re particularly interested in — ...

What if everything we know about T. rex growth is wrong? A complete tyrannosaur skeleton has just ended one of paleontology’s longest-running debates – whether Nanotyrannus is a distinct species, or just a teenage version of Tyrannosaurus rex.  The fossil, part of the legendary “Dueling Dinosaurs” specimen unearthed in Montana, contains two dinosaurs locked in prehistoric combat: a Triceratops and a small-bodied tyrannosaur. That tyrannosaur is now confirmed to be a fully grown ...

Washington, DC—Our galaxy’s most abundant type of planet could be rich in liquid water due to formative interactions between magma oceans and primitive atmospheres during their early years, according to new research published in Nature by Carnegie’s Francesca Miozzi and Anat Shahar. Of the more than 6,000 known exoplanets in the Milky Way, so-called Sub-Neptunes are the most common. They are smaller than Neptune and more massive than Earth and believed to have rocky interiors with thick hydrogen-dominated ...

Systemic light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare and life-threatening disorder characterized by the deposition of misfolded immunoglobulin light chains as insoluble amyloid fibrils in various tissues and organs, leading to progressive structural and functional impairment. Commonly affected sites include the heart, kidneys, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and nervous system, with cardiac involvement being the primary determinant of prognosis. Due to its nonspecific clinical presentation and multisystem nature, AL amyloidosis is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, ...

Lactate, once considered a metabolic waste product, is now recognized as a key regulator of cellular homeostasis and disease progression. In gynecological malignancies—including ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers—lactate accumulation drives a novel post-translational modification known as lactylation. This modification serves as a critical bridge between metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic regulation, promoting tumor proliferation, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting lactate production, transport, and lactylation itself show significant anticancer potential, particularly when combined with immunotherapy. This ...

Background and objectives Emerging evidence implicates immune dysregulation and neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, yet the causal mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal effects of immune cells and inflammatory proteins on epilepsy and evaluate the mediating role of inflammatory proteins. Methods This study utilized the largest available genome-wide association study data on immune cell phenotypes and inflammatory proteins as exposures, and epilepsy genome-wide association study data from the FinnGen dataset as outcomes. Five Mendelian randomization (MR) methods were applied within a two-sample MR framework to assess causal effects. Furthermore, ...

About The Study: The results of this cohort study suggest that, for older adults, poor olfaction as assessed by a single smell identification test is associated with a higher coronary heart disease risk. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Honglei Chen, PhD, email chenho19@msu.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2025.3740) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions ...

About The Study: The findings of this study suggest that maintaining a moderate level of physical activity of approximately 17 metabolic equivalent task-hours/week (i.e., 5 hours of brisk walking or 2 hours of running each week) over 3 decades was sufficient to achieve optimal benefit in reducing digestive system cancer risk.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Edward L. Giovannucci, MD, ScD, email egiovann@hsph.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.4185) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, ...

About The Study: The findings of this study highlight the persistence of misbeliefs and knowledge gaps about the link between alcohol and cancer among U.S. adults, which may contribute to the continuous increase in alcohol consumption. Individuals who drink alcohol were more likely to believe that alcohol consumption has no effect on cancer risk, which is alarming, given the growing burden of alcohol-related cancers in the U.S.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Sanjay Shete, PhD, email sshete@mdanderson.org. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media ...

Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, in collaboration with BostonGene, conducted the largest and most comprehensive molecular analysis of renal medullary carcinoma (RMC), a rare and aggressive form of kidney cancer, leading to the identification of TROP2 as a promising therapeutic target.  What is the key discovery in this research and why is it significant? By evaluating 25 patient samples, the researchers identified overexpression of TROP2 and several other cell-surface proteins in RMC, as well as upregulation of the Hippo pathway. These findings led to the exploration of sacituzumab govitecan, a TROP2-targeted antibody-drug ...

Some common hormonal contraceptives are linked to a slightly higher risk of breast cancer than others. This is shown by a new Swedish study from Uppsala University, in which researchers followed more than two million women and teenage girls in Sweden to identify how different hormonal contraceptives affect the risk of breast cancer. Peer-review / Observational study / Women In Sweden, hundreds of thousands of women use hormonal contraceptives every year. Over time, new products have been developed – from combined contraceptive pills ...

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, affecting 1 in 4 people during their lifetime. Stroke happens when blood vessels in the brain get clogged or damaged, impairing blood flow and oxygen supply to the brain, which leads to death of neurons and other brain cells. Although brain damage can be limited by interventions to restore blood flow, most stroke survivors experience some lifelong impairments of e.g. speech, movement, or cognitive function.   Despite the existence of immature stem cells in the brain, their role in repair is uncertain and the brain’s ...

If cancer is a disease of overabundance, where cells divide without restraint and tumors grow despite the body’s best interests, then degenerative diseases are disorders of deprivation. When malfunctions occur in the biological machinery our muscles or our brains use for renewal and repairs, these tissues gradually wither. This kind of decline is the hallmark of diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease or Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Scientists have long sought to develop treatments that enhance the muscle’s self-renewal capabilities ...

More than half of American adults misunderstand or underestimate the link between alcohol consumption and cancer  Alcohol drinkers are especially likely to believe that drinking has no effect on cancer risk Correcting these misbeliefs may strengthen adherence to U.S. Surgeon General’s alcohol consumption guidelines to lower cancer risk HOUSTON, OCTOBER 30, 2025 – Despite clear evidence linking alcohol use to increased cancer risks, public awareness of this connection remains low in the U.S., according to new research from The University of Texas MD Anderson ...

(Toronto, October 30, 2025) JMIR Publications invites submissions to a new section titled "Digital Health Strategic Planning" in its open access journal Journal of Medical Internet Research. The premier, peer-reviewed journal is indexed in in all major literature indices including National Library of Medicine(NLM)/MEDLINE, PubMed, PMC, Scopus, DOAJ, Clarivate (which includes Web of Science (WoS)/ESCI/SCIE), and others. The integration of digital health into global policy, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic and rapid technological progress, has highlighted a critical need for systematic digital ...

A research team led by the Medical University of Vienna, the HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences and the Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest has developed a groundbreaking new chemotherapeutic agent, LiPyDau, which shows remarkable efficacy against multiple tumor types in preclinical studies. Published in the leading journal Molecular Cancer, the study introduces a highly promising strategy for tackling drug-resistant cancers. Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone of cancer treatment despite well-known ...