Researchers analyzed motor cortex tissue from roughly 80 individuals and found that TDP-43 protein aggregates in ALS and FTD preferentially affect excitatory neurons, with five distinct subtypes showing unique patterns of gene activity disruption.

Male mice exposed to nicotine in drinking water produced offspring with altered insulin levels, glucose metabolism, and liver function. Because pure nicotine was used, the effects cannot be attributed to cigarette additives or e-cigarette flavorings.

A nationwide phase III trial of 687 cancer patients found that those on two-week chemo cycles who followed an individualized exercise program of walking and resistance bands experienced significantly less cognitive impairment and mental fatigue than controls.

Researchers found that female green treefrogs preferred moderately parasitized males over uninfected ones but avoided heavily infected individuals, suggesting females weigh multiple call traits that simultaneously signal size, vigor, and infection risk.

A new review in Future Integrative Medicine examines how traditional and modern medicine systems are being combined worldwide, finding that Asia leads in formal integration while regulatory inconsistencies, limited research funding, and cultural barriers slow progress elsewhere.

A systematic review of 70 studies found that plants from the Asteraceae and Zingiberaceae families show the strongest activity against Entamoeba histolytica, the parasite causing amoebic dysentery. But only one plant has been tested in animals, and none in humans.

A Johns Hopkins study found that tomatoes, carrots, and lettuce grown with pharmaceutical-containing water stored the compounds primarily in their leaves. Tomato leaves had 200 times the drug concentration of the fruit, while carrot leaves had seven times that of the roots.

A Japanese meta-analysis of 32 randomized controlled trials compared 12 sleep medications in adults with obstructive sleep apnea. Most hypnotics did not worsen key breathing metrics, but the benzodiazepine temazepam decreased arterial oxygen saturation during sleep.

A new reagent called SeeDB-Live uses bovine serum albumin to make living brain tissue transparent without disrupting cellular function. Applied to living mice, it tripled fluorescence signals from deep neurons and washed out within hours, leaving no permanent changes.

When catfish capture small aquatic beetles, many survive by actively resisting ingestion and being spat out. Experiments removing beetle legs increased consumption from 30% to 85%, confirming that leg movement is the primary escape strategy.

Cambridge researchers discovered an 'anti-Friedel-Crafts' reaction when a PhD student removed a photocatalyst during a control test and the reaction worked better without it. The method uses LED light instead of toxic metal catalysts to modify drug molecules late in development.

Researchers at the John Innes Centre and partners grew pea shoots in an aeroponic B12 solution and found that a single 15-gram serving delivers more than the recommended daily allowance of the vitamin, with digestion experiments confirming the nutrient is bioavailable.

Researchers at Umea University have developed microscopic capsules that trap individual cells in a liquid core surrounded by a porous membrane, enabling repeated analysis of the same cell - something previous single-cell methods could not do.

Using Gaia satellite data, Japanese researchers built the largest catalog of solar 'twins' ever assembled and found a population peak at 4-6 billion years old, providing evidence that our Sun migrated outward from the galactic center en masse.

By adapting the VIPER algorithm to measure RNA splicing outcomes rather than splicing factors, researchers identified two broad editing programs active across 14 cancer types and roughly 120 potential new therapeutic targets.

Researchers in Turkey tested five AI models on meal planning for teenagers trying to lose weight. The AI plans averaged nearly 700 fewer calories per day than a dietitian's recommendations - roughly equivalent to skipping an entire meal.

A new study in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs analyzed packaging from 140 delta-8 THC products and found widespread labeling inconsistencies, high cannabinoid doses in edibles, and marketing that frequently appeals to younger consumers.

A Kyoto University team has demonstrated that a fluorine-18-labeled PET tracer targeting the GLP-1 receptor can noninvasively measure residual beta cell mass in adults with type 1 diabetes, potentially filling a critical gap in disease monitoring.

A University of Iowa-led team has named a new crocodile species, Crocodylus lucivenator, from 121 fossil specimens in Ethiopia. At 12 to 15 feet long and up to 1,300 pounds, it was the apex predator overlapping with Australopithecus afarensis.

One in three U.S. adults made at least one financial trade-off last year to cover healthcare costs, including borrowing money, rationing prescriptions, and delaying major life decisions like buying a home or having children.

A comprehensive review in The Lancet Neurology explains how ketogenic diets reduce seizures by shifting brain fuel from glucose to ketones, stabilizing neuronal activity, and suppressing inflammation, while identifying a major gap in adult clinical trials.

PsyMetRiC is a free, MHRA-certified web tool that predicts clinically significant weight gain within one year, metabolic syndrome within six years, and type 2 diabetes within ten years for young people with psychosis, using only routine clinical data.

Studying an entire population of Seychelles warblers on a single island, UEA researchers found that immune gene variation in the MHC region is closely linked to both the composition and the functional capacity of gut bacteria.

Thirty-year results from the longest-running prostate cancer screening trial confirm mortality benefits that grow with time. Separate studies at the EAU26 congress show how risk-stratified MRI and the Stockholm3 blood test could cut unnecessary scans by up to 67%.

Analysis of two large U.S. insurance databases confirms that prenatal valproate exposure substantially increases risks of ADHD, autism, and other neurodevelopmental disorders, while levetiracetam and lamotrigine show no meaningful associations.