Research institutions around the world house valuable genetic information that could help unlock countless medical mysteries. However, because DNA degrades over time, it is difficult for researchers to analyze DNA samples older than 20 years using conventional analytical approaches. Although modern technologies have transformed researchers’ ability to learn about disease, these technologies have primarily been used on modern genetic samples. The ability to study genetic data from earlier decades has been exceedingly limited, which hinders researchers’ understanding of old diseases and why changes in ...

Alexandria, VA – The American Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research (AADOCR) is pleased to announce the program participants (mentees) for the sixth cohort of the AADOCR Mind the Future program: David Fraser, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Mohamed Hassan, Washington University in St. Louis Miaomiao Li, The Ohio State University Paula Ortega-Verdugo, University of California, Los Angeles Sudha Rajderkar, UT Health Houston Ligia Schmitd, University of Michigan Lakmali Silva, Harvard University Harim Tavares dos Santos, University at Buffalo Heather Taylor, Indiana University Jaqueline ...

Just a few million years after the end-Permian mass extinction event (EPME), aquatic reptiles and other vertebrates had recovered to form thriving and diverse oceanic ecosystems, according to a study of an Early Triassic-age fossil site in the Arctic. The findings challenge previous assumptions of a slow and gradual establishment of mid-Triassic marine communities and suggest that vertebrate evolution paralleled the rapid resurgence of invertebrate life in the Early Triassic. The EPME, which occurred roughly 251.9 million years ago (Ma), wiped out upwards of 90% of all marine species on Earth. It has long been thought that recovery of ocean ecosystems following this event was slow, taking ...

As human groups migrated and settled across Holocene Eurasia, dogs often traveled with them, researchers report in a new genomic study – and sometimes dogs were traded among populations. The study reveals the integral role these animals played in culture and exchange. For at least the last 11,000 years, dogs and humans have lived side-by-side. However, the true antiquity of their association with humans remains elusive. Some evidence suggests that major dog lineages in different parts of the world appear to have diversified thousands of years earlier, suggesting that these dogs may have traveled with humans as they colonized different parts of Europe, ...

A magnetically guided microrobotics system is capable of navigating the body’s intricate passageways and vasculature to deliver drugs with pinpoint accuracy, according to a new study. The novel system could enable safer, targeted drug treatments that minimize unwanted side effects. Systemic drug treatments often cause unwanted side effects due to off-target exposure and account for nearly one-third of failures in clinical trials, illustrating the need for precise, targeted drug delivery strategies. To address this, researchers have worked to develop magnetic micro- and nanorobots designed to deliver drugs directly to diseased tissues. Advances in materials ...

Every year, 12 million people worldwide suffer a stroke; many die or are permanently impaired. Currently, drugs are administered to dissolve the thrombus that blocks the blood vessel. These drugs spread throughout the entire body, meaning a high dose must be administered to ensure that the necessary amount reaches the thrombus. This can cause serious side effects, such as internal bleeding. Since medicines are often only needed in specific areas of the body, medical research has long been searching for a way to use microrobots to deliver pharmaceuticals to where they need to be: in the case of a stroke, directly to the stroke-related thrombus. Now, a ...

Researchers have achieved a new level of control over the atomic structure of a family of materials known as halide perovskites, creating a finely tuned ‘energy sandwich’ that could transform how solar cells, LEDs and lasers are made. Due to their remarkable ability to absorb and emit light, and because they are cheaper and can be configured to convert more of the solar spectrum into energy than silicon, perovskites have long been touted as a potential replacement for silicon in solar cells, LEDs and quantum technologies. However, their instability and durability has, so far, largely limited perovskite devices to the laboratory. ...

In the world of phylogenetics, there’s team sponge and team comb jelly. Which creature roots the animal tree of life — the simple sponge or the more complex comb jelly — has stirred fierce debate among phylogeneticists, researchers who study evolutionary history. Scientists long assumed the muscle-less and neuron-less sponges gave rise to more complex organisms, including humans. But genomic analyses in 2008 comparing hundreds of genes from many different animals and their relatives delivered ...

A groundbreaking archaeological study has revealed when domestic dogs first began to show the remarkable diversity that characterises them today.  By applying cutting-edge shape analysis to hundreds of archaeological specimens spanning tens of thousands of years, researchers have traced the emergence of distinct dog forms deep into prehistory, pinpointing the moment dogs began to diversify in size and shape - at least 11,000 years ago. These findings challenge long-standing assumptions that canine diversity is largely a recent phenomenon shaped by selective breeding, ...

The fossils were found in 2015, but took nearly a decade of painstaking work to excavate, prepare, sort, identify, and analyse. The long-awaited research findings have now been published by a team of Scandinavian palaeontologists from the Natural History Museum at the University of Oslo, and the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm. Spitsbergen in the Svalbard archipelago is world famous for producing marine fossils from the beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs. These are preserved in rock layers that were once mud at ...

In a policy brief published in Science, scientists call on European Union for a new approach to protect people and nature from the hidden risks of chemical cocktails. Every day, people and all other living organisms are potentially exposed to dozens or even hundreds of chemicals – from plastics and pesticides to cosmetics and cleaning agents. While each chemical may individually meet safety standards, their combined effects can quietly add up. A new policy brief published in Science argues that current chemical ...

University of Pittsburgh Researchers Reveal Hidden Impacts of Drinking Water Treatment on Urban Streams Aging lead-pipe drinking water systems, along with the public health measures implemented to reduce their risks, are reshaping the chemistry and health of nearby urban streams. New research from University of Pittsburgh biogeochemists, hydrologists, and environmental engineers uncovered previously overlooked environmental impacts of a common water treatment practice: adding orthophosphate to drinking water systems to prevent lead pipe corrosion. Published in PLOS Water, the study reveals that phosphate used in drinking water treatment can leak into urban streams, altering ...

A genomic study shows that over the last 10,000 years, diverse Eurasian cultures kept and spread genetically distinct dog populations. Dogs have been part of human societies across Eurasia for at least 20,000 years, accompanying us through many social and cultural upheavals. A new study by an international team, published in the journal Science, and led by Laurent Frantz, paleogeneticist at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU) and Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) shows that the spread of new cultures ...

< Overview > A research team from the Urban and Transportation Systems Laboratory, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology has developed an innovative evaluation framework that quantitatively evaluating the quality of life (QOL) in future smart cities by integrating physical accessibility (transportation networks) and digital accessibility (ICT networks). The study shows that while digital services such as telework, online learning, and e-commerce can improve ...

The European Society of Endocrinology (ESE) has published an open access Revised Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Chronic Hypoparathyroidism in Adults in the European Journal of Endocrinology, Volume 193, Issue 5, November 2025.   The Revised Guideline has been developed by an expert multidisciplinary panel chaired by Professor Jens Bollerslev, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway. It is intended as practical guidance for health care providers involved in the diagnosis, management and monitoring of chronic hypoparathyroidism in adults.  The Revised Guideline has been endorsed by the ...

Embargoed to: 11:30 Eastern Time (UTC-5), 13 November 2025 New research shows that it’s possible to end the practice of using people as ‘human bait’ to catch and test the blackflies that spread river blindness (onchocerciasis). The study by international non-profit Sightsavers in partnership with the Global Institute for Disease Elimination (GLIDE) and ministries of health in Ghana, Cote d’Ivoire, Malawi and Mozambique, will be presented at the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) on 13 November 2025. Every year countries across Africa collect many thousands of blackflies to monitor for the presence of river blindness, a parasitic ...

An analysis of national climate plans released today at the COP30 climate summit in Brazil warns that countries are failing to carry out core work required to reduce emissions by halting and reversing deforestation and forest degradation, and are instead pushing unrealistic carbon removal schemes, such as large-scale tree planting. The Land Gap 2025 report, led by the University of Melbourne alongside a global consortium of experts, explains why countries are relying on impractical levels of land-based efforts to achieve net-zero emissions, rather than pursuing more realistic climate solutions ...

COLUMBUS, Ohio – Fish species living in the deep sea feature a surprisingly large range of body shapes that evolved in different ways and at different rates depending on where the fishes live in the ocean, new research shows. Overall, the analysis of nearly 3,000 species showed more diversity of body types among the pelagic fishes, those that swim in open water, than among the benthic species spending their life on the ocean floor. Pelagic fish body types span from the round anglerfish to skinny eels, while benthic fishes ...

Background and Aims Further decompensation in cirrhosis is associated with increased mortality. However, reliable tools to predict further decompensation after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) are currently limited. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of further decompensation within one year post-TIPS in patients with cirrhosis and to develop a predictive model for identifying high-risk individuals. Methods This retrospective cohort study enrolled 152 patients with cirrhosis undergoing TIPS for variceal bleeding and/or refractory ascites (January 2018–January 2024). Patients were stratified according to one-year decompensation ...

There’s no scientific evidence that the gut microbiome causes autism, a group of scientists argue in an opinion paper publishing November 13 in the Cell Press journal Neuron. They point to the fact that conclusions from past research that supported this hypothesis—including observational studies, mouse models of autism, and human clinical trials—are undermined by flawed assumptions, small sample sizes, and inappropriate statistical methods.   “Despite ...

NEW YORK, NY (Nov. 13, 2025)--A study of a pig kidney that flourished for two months in a brain-dead recipient shows that a protocol developed by Columbia University immunologists can help prevent long-term rejection of a xenotransplant.  In the study, surgeons at New York University Langone Health transplanted a pig kidney and the same animal’s thymus gland into a 57-year-old man with glioblastoma who had been declared brain-dead at the hospital. The study ...

Researchers have uncovered and then overcome an obstacle that has led to the failure of pioneering efforts in xenotransplantation, in which an animal kidney is transplanted into a human.  More than 800,000 Americans have late-stage kidney disease yet only 3% receive a transplant each year, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. To boost the supply of available organs, experts are exploring the use of genetically modified pig kidneys. The genetic changes are meant to keep the human ...

Platelets are small, disc-shaped cell fragments in the blood that are essential to stop bleeding and to initiate blood clotting after injury. Platelet transfusions in patients with severe trauma or medical conditions, including bone marrow disease, leukemia, or sepsis, can be lifesaving. Despite being a standard clinical practice, platelet transfusions face issues related to the availability of blood donations from which platelets are isolated, the relatively short shelf life of purified platelets, and the risk of an immune response in patients receiving platelets from unmatched donors. A potential solution to this has been proposed ...

About The Study: The current analysis illustrates that drug promotion content is frequently posted by individual creators, lacks essential risk information, and bears the hallmarks of undisclosed marketing. These findings suggest that posts circumvented established advertising principles and potentially eroded the fair balance crucial for informed patient decision-making, consistent with prior literature on traditional direct-to-consumer advertising’s impact on prescribing. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Alex Kresovich, PhD, email kresovich-alex@norc.org. To access the embargoed ...

About The Study: In this study, higher ultraprocessed food intake was associated with increased risk of early-onset colorectal conventional adenomas. These data highlight the important role of ultraprocessed foods in early-onset colorectal tumorigenesis and support improving dietary quality as a strategy to mitigate the increasing burden of early-onset colorectal cancer.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Andrew T. Chan, MD, MPH, email achan@mgh.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.4777) Editor’s Note: Please see the ...