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FAU receives $3M federal grant to prevent substance use in at-risk youth

2025-10-13
Florida Atlantic University has received a $3 million, five-year grant from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), a division of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, to lead a transformative community initiative designed to prevent substance use among South Florida’s youth. The new program, “Rising Strong: Empowering Youth for Substance-Free Futures,” will implement evidence-based, trauma-informed prevention strategies to reach more than 3,000 youth across Palm Beach and Broward counties ...

New report shows action to improve gender equity linked to career gains and better business performance

2025-10-13
A new report out today shows that companies taking action for gender equality see lower staff turnover, more women in leadership and better shareholder value. The 10th report in the Gender Equity Insights Series from Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC) and the Workplace Gender Equality Agency (WGEA) also warns Australian businesses could fall behind their competitors if they don’t take strong action to address gender balance. The report investigates what drives gender balance. Gender balance means having at least ...

Kiwis could help manage chronic constipation

2025-10-13
Kiwifruits, rye bread and high mineral-content water could all help alleviate chronic constipation. That’s according to the first ever evidence-based dietary guidelines for adults with chronic constipation, led by researchers at King’s College London. The new guidelines also show that taking psyllium fibre supplements, certain probiotic strains and magnesium oxide supplements can help to improve constipation. In contrast, other widely recommended approaches, including generic “high-fibre diets,” and senna supplements (a type of laxative) were found to lack strong evidence ...

Breast, lung, and bladder cancer phase 3 trials led by Dana-Farber presented at ESMO Congress 2025

2025-10-13
BOSTON, October 12, 2025 – Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers are leading four studies with important new findings in breast cancer, lung cancer, and bladder cancer at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2025 in Berlin, Germany. The studies will be presented both in-person and online from October 17 to October 21. A full list of Dana-Farber Presentations at ESMO 2025 is available here: Dana-Farber Presentations at ESMO 2025 Dana-Farber investigators will also ...

New open-source software allows for efficient 3D printing with multiple materials

2025-10-13
A new open-source tool is reshaping how engineers design multi-material objects. Charles Wade, a PhD student in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Colorado Boulder, has created a design system software package that uses functions and code to map not just shapes but also where different materials belong in a 3D object. The project, called OpenVCAD, was developed in the Matter Assembly Computation Lab led by Assistant Professor Robert MacCurdy of the Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering. A new paper, published October 13 in the journal Additive Manufacturing, highlights the design tool and its potential to ...

Decoding the secrets of ‘chemo brain’

2025-10-13
Cancer is a challenging enough diagnosis, but many patients are dealt a second blow, even as they heal: “chemo brain.” Also called “brain fog,” this mix of cognitive issues — memory problems, struggling to find words, an inability to concentrate — affects up to three-in-four cancer patients, according to multiple studies. For many, the effects last years beyond cancer treatment. A new study offers new models for studying causes of chemo brain and points to the effects of chemotherapy drugs on the brain’s lymphatic system, which ...

‘Far from negligible’: New Australian fossil fuel site will have major impact on people and the planet

2025-10-13
A new fossil fuel site approved for development off Western Australia’s coast is estimated to contribute 876 million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions over the course of its lifetime, according to new research led by The Australian National University (ANU) in collaboration with the ARC Centre of Excellence for the Weather of the 21st century.   The level of emissions from the Scarborough project – with liquified natural gas production from the site expected to start in 2026 and continue for at least the next 31 years – will cause, on average, 0.00039 degrees Celsius of additional global warming.    The ...

UK heatwaves overwhelm natural ecological safeguards to increase wildfire risk

2025-10-13
Heatwaves in the UK have led to unseasonable drying of vegetation bypassing natural ecological processes that limit the spread of wildfires, a new study has found.   In a paper published in the journal Communications Earth & Environment, a team of researchers led by the University of Birmingham have been studying moisture levels in plant life and carbon-rich soil around the UK to understand variations that affect the risk of wildfire. Alongside their three-year sampling period, the first long term survey ...

Key ExoMars Rover part ships from Aberystwyth

2025-10-13
The search for life on Mars takes a leap forward today, as a key instrument for a major space mission begins its journey from Aberystwyth University to Italy for testing. The infrared spectrometer, named Enfys, will be a part of the suite of remote sensing instruments onboard the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin Rover. The Rosalind Franklin Rover is part of the European Space Agency’s ExoMars programme and Europe’s first Mars rover. Designed to be operated remotely across the planet’s rugged terrain, it will drill up to two metres beneath ...

90% of Science Is Lost: Frontiers’ revolutionary AI-powered service transforms data sharing to deliver breakthroughs faster

2025-10-13
Most scientific data never fuel the discoveries they should.  For every 100 datasets created, around 80 remain in the lab, 20 are shared but rarely reused, fewer than two meet FAIR standards, and only one typically drives new findings.  The result: delayed cancer treatments, climate models short on evidence, and research that cannot be reproduced.  Frontiers, the open-science publisher, is tackling this problem with the launch of Frontiers FAIR² Data Management, the world’s first all-in-one, ...

Skin symptoms may forewarn mental health risks

2025-10-12
Scientists have discovered that mental health patients who have skin conditions may be more at risk of worse outcomes, including suicidality and depression. This work, which may aid in identifying at-risk patients and personalising psychiatric treatment, is presented at the ECNP meeting in Amsterdam. The researchers looked at 481 patients with a first episode of psychosis (which is the first time an individual experiences a psychotic episode, such as loss of contact with reality, hallucinations and delusions).  On testing, 14.5% were found to have dermatological symptoms (24% female, 9.8% male) such as rash, itching, photosensitivity, etc.  All patients were given ...

Brain test predicts ability to achieve orgasm – but only in patients taking antidepressants

2025-10-12
Researchers have discovered that the ability to have an erection or to orgasm is related to the levels of serotonin in the brain, but this relation only applies to depressed patients taking SSRI antidepressants. At the moment, there is no test for who might experience sexual problems during treatment for depression, but this discovery may help depressed patients to choose antidepressants which allow them to maintain or regain an active sex life when treated with antidepressants. This work is presented at the ECNP conference in Amsterdam. Sexual dysfunction is a common symptom of ...

‘New reality’ as world reaches first climate tipping point

2025-10-12
Widespread mortality of warm-water coral reefs under way, as world reaches first tipping point With global warming set to breach 1.5°C, world dangerously close to further catastrophic tipping points These include melting ice sheets, Amazon rainforest dieback and collapse of vital ocean currents Tipping points pose a new type of threat that current international structures and agreements are not designed to counter Key to averting catastrophe is to act urgently, by supporting societal transformation and triggering ‘positive tipping points’ such as the self-propelling rollout of green technologies The world ...

Non-English primary language may raise risk of delirium after surgery, study finds

2025-10-12
SAN ANTONIO — Older patients who primarily speak a language other than English may face a greater risk of developing delirium after surgery in U.S. hospitals, according to new research presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2025 annual meeting. The study also found that a lower socioeconomic status further increased patients’ risk. Postoperative delirium is a change in mental function that can cause confusion in up to 15% of surgical patients. In certain high-risk patients, such as those with hip fractures, the incidence can be even higher. It is a significant complication in older adults. “Our study provides evidence that speaking a first or ...

Children fast from clear liquids much longer before surgery than guidelines recommend, large study shows

2025-10-12
SAN ANTONIO — Most children — including nearly 80% of infants — go without clear liquids before surgery for at least twice as long as guidelines recommend, according to an analysis of data on more than 70,000 children presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2025 annual meeting.   Healthy infants and children may safely drink clear liquids, including water, fruit juices without pulp and carbohydrate-containing beverages, until two hours before receiving anesthesia, according to guidelines from the American Society of Anesthesiologists ...

Food insecurity, loneliness can increase the risk of developing chronic pain after surgery

2025-10-12
SAN ANTONIO — People who experience food insecurity or loneliness are much more likely to develop chronic pain after surgery, according to new research presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2025 annual meeting. Chronic pain —  lasting three months or longer —  after surgery is common, especially after major procedures such as hip or knee replacement, and affects up to 30%-50% of surgical patients. Social factors such as food insecurity and social isolation can significantly raise this risk, the authors found. Limited access to nutritious food can slow wound healing and increase inflammation, making pain more likely to last longer. ...

Cesarean delivery linked to higher risk of pain and sleep problems after childbirth

2025-10-12
SAN ANTONIO — New mothers are more likely to experience severe pain that disrupts sleep and activities of daily living, as well as develop sleep disorders, if they give birth by cesarean delivery (C-section), suggests research presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2025 annual meeting. “Sleep is often overlooked in postpartum recovery, but it is central to a mother’s physical and mental health,” said Moe Takenoshita, M.B.B.Ch., lead author of the study and a postdoctoral scholar in the department of anesthesia at Stanford University Center for Academic Medicine, Palo Alto, California. “Cesarean delivery in particular appears to increase ...

New global burden of disease study: Mortality declines, youth deaths rise, widening health inequities

2025-10-12
Global life expectancy in 2023 is more than 20 years higher compared to 1950, and the age-standardized mortality rate is 67% lower, with all 204 countries and territories reporting declines. Despite these improvements, the world faces an emerging crisis of higher death rates in adolescents and young adults in North America and Latin America due to suicide and drug and alcohol consumption and in sub-Saharan Africa due to infectious diseases and unintentional injuries. Non-communicable diseases account for nearly two-thirds of the world’s total mortality and morbidity, led by ischemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, emerging in the top ten causes. Half of the world’s ...

Chemobiological platform enables renewable conversion of sugars into core aromatic hydrocarbons of petroleum

2025-10-12
With growing concerns over fossil fuel depletion and the environmental impacts of petrochemical production, scientists are actively exploring renewable strategies to produce essential industrial chemicals. A collaborative research team—led by Distinguished Professor Sang Yup Lee, Senior Vice President for Research, from the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, together with Professor Sunkyu Han from the Department of Chemistry at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)—has developed an integrated ...

Individualized perioperative blood pressure management in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery

2025-10-12
About The Study: The results of this trial do not support individualizing blood pressure targets based on preoperative nighttime mean arterial pressure in high-risk patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Bernd Saugel, MD, email bernd.saugel@gmx.de. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jama.2025.17235) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, ...

Proactive vs reactive treatment of hypotension during surgery

2025-10-12
About The Study: Intraoperative blood pressure management with mean arterial pressure goals stratified by risk of hypotension did not improve functional disability at 6 months postoperatively compared with standard intraoperative blood pressure management. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Matthijs Kant, MD, email m.kant-2@umcutrecht.nl. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jama.2025.18007) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other ...

Different types of depression linked to different cardiometabolic diseases

2025-10-11
It is known that depression is linked to increased incidence of metabolic diseases; now scientists have discovered that different types of depression are linked to different cardiometabolic diseases. This work is presented at the ECNP Congress in Amsterdam. Over seven years, researchers tracked 5,794 adults, enrolled in the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) Study, all of whom were free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease at the study’s start. At the start of the study each participant completed a comprehensive questionnaire to assess depressive symptoms. ...

Ketogenic diet may protect against stress experienced in the womb

2025-10-11
Researchers have shown that young rats fed a ketogenic diet – a diet with high fat and low carbohydrates – are protected from the lasting experience of pre-natal stress. This work, which needs to be confirmed in humans, is presented at the ECNP conference in Amsterdam An extensive body of research has shown that if mothers experience stress while pregnant, the offspring can suffer ongoing psychological and development-related conditions. Now a group of Italian researchers have shown that the biological changes induced by a ketogenic diet may help them to escape from the long-lasting effects of stress experienced in the womb. The pregnant rats ...

Adults 65 years and older not immune to the opioid epidemic, new study finds

2025-10-11
SAN ANTONIO — Overdose deaths in adults age 65 and older from fentanyl mixed with stimulants, such as cocaine and methamphetamines, have surged 9,000% in the past eight years, matching rates found among younger adults, according to research presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2025 annual meeting. The study is among the first to use Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data to show that older adults, a group often overlooked in overdose research, are part of the broader rise in fentanyl-stimulant overdose deaths. Adults 65 years and older are especially vulnerable to overdoses because many live with chronic health conditions, take several ...

Artificial intelligence emerging as powerful patient safety tool in pediatric anesthesia

2025-10-11
SAN ANTONIO — Artificial intelligence (AI) could soon help anesthesiologists keep children safer in the operating room and improve their recovery with better pain management, suggests a systematic review  presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2025 annual meeting. Providing anesthesia care for children is especially challenging because their anatomy can vary dramatically, even among patients of the same age. The researchers found AI performed better than standard methods for determining the appropriate size and placement of breathing tubes, monitoring oxygen levels and assessing postoperative pain. AI consistently: improved the ...
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