The most common type of brain tumor in children, pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), accounts for about 15% of all pediatric brain tumors. Although this type of tumor is usually not life-threatening, the unchecked growth of tumor cells can disrupt normal brain development and function. Current treatments focus mainly on removing the tumor cells, but recent studies have shown that non-cancerous cells, such as nerve cells, also play a role in brain tumor formation and growth, suggesting novel approaches to treating these cancers. Scientists have long known that a nerve cell signaling chemical called glutamate can increase growth of cancers throughout the body, but despite ...

Common shrews are one of only a handful of mammals known to flexibly shrink and regrow their brains. This rare seasonal cycle, known as Dehnel’s phenomenon, has puzzled scientists for decades. How can a brain lose volume and regrow months later without sustaining permanent damage? A study using non-invasive MRI has scanned the brains of shrews undergoing shrinkage, identifying a key molecule involved in the phenomenon: water. “Our shrews lost nine percent of their brains during shrinkage, but the cells did not die,” says first author Dr. Cecilia Baldoni, a postdoctoral researcher from the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior ...

UCLA engineers have developed a wearable, noninvasive brain-computer interface system that utilizes artificial intelligence as a co-pilot to help infer user intent and complete tasks by moving a robotic arm or a computer cursor. Published in Nature Machine Intelligence, the study shows that the interface demonstrates a new level of performance in noninvasive brain-computer interface, or BCI, systems. This could lead to a range of technologies to help people with limited physical capabilities, such as those with paralysis or neurological conditions, handle and move objects more easily and precisely. The team developed custom algorithms to decode electroencephalography, or EEG — ...

Black adults first hospitalized for heart failure in the U.S. at age 60.1, vs. 73.6 for white adults Hispanic patients first hospitalized at 65.4; Asian American patients at 70.6 CHICAGO --- Black adults in the U.S. are first hospitalized for heart failure nearly 14 years earlier than white adults, reports a Northwestern Medicine study that analyzed data from more than 42,000 patients across hundreds of hospitals nationwide. The study also found that Hispanic patients were hospitalized about eight years earlier than white patients, and Asian patients about three years earlier. On average, white patients were first hospitalized ...

A team of Chilean researchers has identified, for the first time in the country, the presence of KPC-type carbapenemase-producing bacteria in wastewater samples from the Greater Concepción Metropolitan Area. The finding, published in the journal Biological Research, raises concerns about the environmental circulation of microorganisms with high levels of resistance to critical clinically used antibiotics and reinforces the need for surveillance within the framework of "One Health." The research, which was part of Franco Ilabaca's Master's thesis in Microbiology, was led by Dr. ...

Conference: “Late Breaking Science” presentation at the European Society of Cardiology - AI driven cardiovascular biomarkers and clinical decisions Title: Graph Neural Network Automation of Anticoagulation Decision-Making Date: Embargo lifts Monday, September 1, 4:00 pm EDT Bottom Line: Mount Sinai researchers developed an AI model to make individualized treatment recommendations for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients—helping clinicians accurately decide whether or not to treat them with anticoagulants (blood thinner medications) to prevent stroke, which is currently the standard treatment course in this patient population. This model presents a completely ...

About The Study: In this secondary analysis of the AZALEA-TIMI 71 randomized clinical trial, abelacimab consistently reduced the risk of bleeding relative to rivaroxaban irrespective of kidney function. These findings suggest that abelacimab may offer a particularly favorable safety profile among those with chronic kidney disease; however, larger studies are necessary to characterize the efficacy of abelacimab for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Siddharth M. Patel, MD, MPH, email spatel@bwh.harvard.edu.  To access the embargoed study: Visit our For ...

Measurements with a miniature camera inside the coronary arteries can accurately predict whether someone will suffer a recurrent heart attack. Until now, interpreting these images was so complex that only specialized laboratories could perform it. A new study from Radboud university medical center shows that AI can reliably take over this analysis and rapidly assess arteries for weak spots. A heart attack occurs when a coronary artery, which supplies the heart with blood, is blocked by a blood clot. This can occur when atherosclerosis causes artery narrowing, resulting in the heart receiving too little oxygen. Treatment typically ...

Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS) have heightened innate immune responses to bacteria, viruses and fungi. While these responses are essential to fight infection, they can cause damage when unchecked. Led by researchers at the Center for Infection and Immunity (CII) at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health with a multicenter team of leading ME/CFS researchers, the new study reveals molecular-level details into the syndrome’s lasting effects on inflammation and immune response that could inform the development of targeted therapeutic interventions to ...

SAN ANTONIO, Sept. 1, 2025 – UTSA and The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UT Health San Antonio) today merged to form The University of Texas at San Antonio (UT San Antonio), a premier global university that is deeply committed to making lives better for the communities it serves. As a merged institution, UT San Antonio now ranks as the third-largest public research university in Texas according to annual research expenditures, behind only Texas A&M University and the University of Texas at Austin. UT San Antonio’s comprehensive enterprise now includes approximately 40,000 students, 17,000 employees and more than $486 million in annual ...

About The Study: Among unselected patients with acute myocardial infarction, routine H pylori screening did not significantly reduce the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Robin Hofmann, MD, PhD, email robin.hofmann@ki.se. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support. Embed this link to provide your readers ...

The European Space Agency-led Solar Orbiter mission has split the flood of energetic particles flung out into space from the Sun into two groups, tracing each back to a different kind of outburst from our star. The Sun is the most energetic particle accelerator in the Solar System. It whips up electrons to nearly the speed of light and flings them out into space, flooding the Solar System with so-called ‘Solar Energetic Electrons’ (SEEs). Researchers have now used Solar Orbiter to pinpoint the source of these energetic electrons and trace what we see out in space back to what’s actually ...

NAGOYA, Japan — In late September 2025, KIOXIA Iwate Corporation (Koichiro Shibayama CEO) will begin evaluating a GaN-based e-beam technology developed through joint research between Photo electron Soul Inc. (PeS; Takayuki Suzuki CEO), a Nagoya University startup, and the Amano–Honda Laboratory at Nagoya University. PeS has developed a next-generation electron gun specialized for GaN (gallium nitride) photocathodes and has demonstrated its effectiveness for semiconductor inspection and metrology (I&M), enabling electron microscopy of nanoscale transistors and high-aspect-ratio structures. These ...

by Prof Heidi Newberg The Earth supports the only known life in the universe, all of it depending heavily on the presence of liquid water to facilitate chemical reactions. While single-celled life has existed almost as long as the Earth itself, it took roughly three billion years for multicellular life to form. Human life has existed for less than one 10 thousandth of the age of the Earth. All of this suggests that life might be common on planets that support liquid water, but it might be uncommon to find life that studies the universe and seeks to travel ...

The widely used diabetes drug metformin changes blood metal levels in humans. The Kobe University study is an important step in understanding the drug’s many actions and designing better ones in the future. Metformin is the most widely prescribed diabetes drug in the world. Apart from lowering blood sugar levels, it is also known to have a broad range of beneficial side effects such as against tumors, inflammations and atherosclerosis. However, although it has been used for more than 60 years ...

About The Study: Among patients without documented atrial arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, discontinuing oral anticoagulant therapy resulted in a lower risk for the composite outcome of stroke, systemic embolism, and major bleeding vs continuing direct oral anticoagulant therapy.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Boyoung Joung, MD, email cby6908@yuhs.ac. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and ...

About The Study: Fractional flow reserve-guided complete revascularization during the index procedure resulted in a significant reduction in the composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, any revascularization, and stroke at 1 year. This was mainly driven by reduced repeat revascularization.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Tobias F. S. Pustjens, MD, email t.pustjens@gmail.com. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link ...

About The Study: The findings of this study highlight both progress and persistent challenges in representation of women within cardiovascular trials. These gaps not only limit the generalizability of trial outcomes but also perpetuate inequities in evidence-based care for women with cardiovascular conditions.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Martha Gulati, MD, MS, email martha.gulati@csmc.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ Editor’s Note: Please see the article for ...

About The Study: In patients with cardiometabolic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, semaglutide and tirzepatide showed more than 40% risk reduction for the composite of hospitalization for heart failure or all-cause mortality compared with a placebo proxy. Tirzepatide showed no meaningful benefit over semaglutide. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Nils Krüger, MD, email nkruger1@bwh.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ Editor’s Note: Please ...

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) appears to develop as a result of changes in the biology of a person’s internal fat tissue, according to the Adipokine Hypothesis, a new way of understanding how fat may impact the heart. The hypothesis paper was published today in JACC, the flagship journal of the American College of Cardiology, and is being presented at ESC Congress 2025. The author of the paper is Milton Packer, MD, FACC, Distinguished Scholar in Cardiovascular Science at Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas and Visiting Professor at Imperial College in London. “Up ...

About The Study: In this individual participant data meta-analysis of 4 randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and an overall meta-analysis of 8 RCTs of patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis at low to intermediate risk, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was associated with a reduction in the 1-year incidence of all-cause death or any stroke. These findings emphasize TAVI as alternative option in patients at low to intermediate risk. Long-term follow-up is warranted to evaluate sustainability of these findings. Corresponding Authors: To contact the corresponding authors, email Moritz Seiffert, MD, (moritz.seiffert@bergmannsheil.de) and ...

A new treatment has been shown to significantly lower blood pressure in people whose levels stay dangerously high, despite taking several existing medicines, according to the results of a Phase III clinical trial led by a UCL Professor. Globally around 1.3 billion people have high blood pressure (hypertension), and in around half of cases the condition is uncontrolled or treatment resistant. These individuals face a much greater risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and early death. In the UK the number of people with hypertension is around 14 ...

One shot of an RSV vaccine protects adults ages 60 or older from RSV-associated hospitalization and critical illness during two consecutive RSV seasons, according to a study published in JAMA today by the IVY Network research group. RSV causes substantial seasonal illness during fall and winter in the U.S., with an estimated 100,000-150,000 hospitalizations and 4,000-8,000 deaths occurring annually among adults 60 or older. The results reinforce the recommendations for RSV vaccines in older adults and lay the groundwork for understanding how long a single dose of the vaccine may be effective, ...

About The Study: In adults age 60 or older, all-cause cardiorespiratory hospitalization was significantly lower with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prefusion F protein than with no vaccine. The findings suggest potential downstream cardiorespiratory benefits of RSV immunization, although the effect on all-cause cardiovascular hospitalization was not statistically significant.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Tor Biering-Sørensen, MD, MSc, MPH, PhD, email tor.biering@gmail.com.  To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ Editor’s ...

About The Study: In this study, clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) was a strong risk factor for myocarditis and pericarditis among middle-aged adults. Targeting CHIP and its downstream pathways may represent a strategy for preventing or treating pericarditis and myocarditis. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Michael C. Honigberg, MD, MPP, email mhonigberg@mgh.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions ...