INDIANAPOLIS—Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine are using a novel approach to hopefully develop a new therapy for glaucoma, a complex disease that eventually leads to blindness, thanks to a new five-year, $2 million R01 grant from the National Eye Institute. “Glaucoma is a silent, underdiagnosed, costly and debilitating disease,” said Tasneem Sharma, PhD, assistant professor of ophthalmology and lead investigator on the project. “It occurs when there is ...

In the Roundtable titled “A Glimpse at How Stakeholders Are Working Towards Achieving Health Equity,” published in the peer-reviewed journal Health Equity, two expert panel discussions examine efforts to achieve maternal health equity and changes that health systems can make to operationalize health equity. Click here to read the Roundtable now. The moderator of the panel discussion titled “Efforts to Achieve Maternal Health Equity Today” is Laurie Zephyrin, MD, MPH, MBA, Senior Vice President, Advancing Health Equity, The Commonwealth Fund. The discussion focuses on what health systems can ...

Embargoed until 1 p.m. CT/2 p.m. ET Monday, Jan. 8, 2024 DALLAS, Jan. 8, 2024 — From humble beginnings as a small professional health society formed by six cardiologists in Chicago in 1924, the American Heart Association has emerged as the nation’s oldest and largest voluntary organization dedicated to fighting heart disease and stroke. Uniting more than 35 million volunteers and supporters and more than 2,900 employees, the Association today is a global force transforming the way the world understands, treats and prevents cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ...

In social media posts on the community network Reddit, users reported reduced cravings for alcohol when taking drugs intended to treat Type 2 diabetes and obesity. Across a number of threads — with titles such as “Did scientists accidentally invent an anti-addiction drug?” and “I don't know if this is a side effect but ... Mounjaro makes me drink less!!!!!” — users reported a changing relationship with beer, wine, and liquor. An analysis of those posts, together with a remote study of individuals with obesity who reported using semaglutide ...

Thanks to technological advances, scientists have access to vast amounts of data, but in order to put it to work and draw conclusions, they need to be able to process it. In research recently published in Genome Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute’s Boleslaw Szymanski, Ph.D., Claire and Roland Schmitt Distinguished Professor of Computer Science and director of the Network Science and Technology Center, and team have found a method that effectively organizes and groups the data for a variety of applications. The process is referred to as clustering ...

Researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed a new lithium metal battery that can be charged and discharged at least 6,000 times — more than any other pouch battery cell — and can be recharged in a matter of minutes. The research not only describes a new way to make solid state batteries with a lithium metal anode but also offers new understanding into the materials used for these potentially revolutionary batteries.  The research is published in Nature Materials.  “Lithium metal anode batteries are considered the holy grail ...

Andalibi To Receive Funding For Perthera Tissue Bank  Ali Andalibi, Senior Associate Dean, College of Science, is set to receive funding for: "Perthera Tissue Bank."  FFPE samples from Perthera will be housed in the cold room in the Institute for Advanced Biomedical Research (IABR). The Principal Investigator, Co-Investigator, and the staff member will be checking on the samples on a regular basis to ensure that the samples are safely stored and that the storage conditions, such as temperature, are appropriate.                        ...

In the ongoing biodiversity crisis, large terrestrial animals are more threatened by extinction than any other group of organisms. The African continent holds an impressively intact large-mammal community, but there is still a lot we do not know about how these species evolved, became diverse and adapted to the changing climate and habitats. Many of these questions can be addressed by investigating the genomes and genetic variation across species. New research, published in Nature Communications, uses genomics to answer ...

(MEMPHIS, Tenn. – January 05, 2023) St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital investigators collaborated with a global group of acute pediatric critical illness experts to reach a consensus definition of the condition. Research on how to improve care in low- and middle-income countries has been stymied because conventional pediatric critical illness definitions are not applicable in these settings. The new, more universal definition, reached by consensus among researchers and clinicians from 40 countries, will enable scientists to study pediatric critical illness more universally, which should lead to improvements in patient outcomes ...

The past few years have seen Kenya, along with many other countries, confronted with multifaceted and compounding challenges. The disruptions caused by COVID-19, high levels of food price inflation, and environmental crises, such as locust infestations and droughts, have severely tested the resilience of Kenya’s food systems and the affordability of food for its citizens. Against this backdrop of challenges and ongoing demographic shifts, urbanization, and stagnating agricultural production, ...

Irvine, Calif., Jan. 8, 2024 — Additional staffing alone will not be sufficient to bridge the quality-of-care and health outcome disparities among nursing home facilities with varying percentages of residents with dementia, according to a first-of-its-kind study led by the University of California, Irvine. Specialized training, an easy-to-navigate environment and staff stability are also critical to meeting the unique challenges presented by this population.   The findings, recently published online in the journal Health Services Research, indicate that increased staffing generally improves outcomes for all patients but that at any given level of staffing, discrepancies ...

Frequent visits to oil palm plantations are leading to a sharp increase in mortality rates among infant southern pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) in the wild, according to a new study published in Current Biology. In addition to increased risk from predators and human encounters, exposure to harmful agricultural chemicals in this environment may negatively affect infant development. In wild populations, infant survival is crucial for determining individual fitness and for maintaining viable populations in changing environments. For primates, ...

JACKSONVILLE, Florida — New research from Mayo Clinic suggests that artificial intelligence (AI) could improve the diagnosis of peripartum cardiomyopathy, a potentially life-threatening and treatable condition that weakens the heart muscle of women during pregnancy or in the months after giving birth. Researchers used an AI-enabled digital stethoscope that captures electrocardiogram (ECG) data and heart sounds to identify twice as many cases of peripartum cardiomyopathy ...

The joint funding program of the French National Research Agency (ANR) and the German Research Foundation (DFG) promotes Franco-German cooperation in the natural sciences, the life sciences, and the engineering sciences. Through this program, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) will receive support for two distinctive projects in the field of biology.   The EVOMET project: Uncovering the evolution of metabolism in plants Tomatoes, cucumbers, and potatoes taste different due to the accumulation ...

ITHACA, N.Y. – Whirligig beetles, the world’s fastest-swimming insect, achieve surprising speeds by employing a strategy shared by speedy marine mammals and waterfowl, according to a new Cornell University study that rewrites previous explanations of the physics involved. The centimeter-long beetles can reach a peak acceleration of 100 meters per second and a top velocity of 100 body lengths per second (or one meter per second). Not only do the results explain the whirligig’s Olympian speeds, but they also offer valuable insights for bio-inspired designers of near-surface water robots and uncrewed boats. Until ...

Sleep is a fundamental need, just like food or water. “You’ll die without it,” said Keith Hengen, an assistant professor of biology at Washington University in St. Louis. But what does sleep actually accomplish? For years, the best researchers could say is that sleep reduces sleepiness — hardly a satisfying explanation for a basic requirement of life. But by melding concepts from the fields of physics and biology, Hengen and a team of Arts & Sciences researchers have constructed a theory that could explain both the meaning of sleep and the complexity of the brain. As reported in a new study published ...

Gurdip Singh, Divisional Dean, School of Computing, received funding from the National Science Foundation for the project: "EAGER: Distributed Computing Models and Algorithms for Pervasive Systems." The goal of this project is to extend the traditional graph-based distributed computing models and algorithms to develop a unified model to study cyber-physical systems. The unified models will capture interactions between the physical and cyber entities and the physical phenomena. This project also proposes to develop techniques to design distributed algorithms for fundamental problems ...

Aarthi Narayanan, Professor, Biology, received funding for the project: "Further the development of Omaveloxolone and Bardoxolone methyl as broadly effective countermeasures against alphaviruses to Support the Battelle Accelerated Therapeutics for Combating Acute Viral Epidemics (BAT-CAVE) Program." The principal purpose of this program is to conduct Research and Development into medical, pharmaceutical, and diagnostic technologies to enhance mission effectiveness of military personnel, collaborating ...

SAN ANTONIO — January 8, 2024 —NASA and NOAA have selected Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) to develop QuickSounder, the first in a new generation of NOAA low-Earth orbit environmental satellites. Under the $54 million contract, SwRI will design and build the satellite and operate it for three years. QuickSounder will kick off NOAA’s Near Earth Orbit Network (NEON) program. The Near Earth Orbit Network is a collaborative mission between NASA and NOAA. NASA will manage the development and launch of the satellites for NOAA, which will operate them and deliver data to users worldwide. NEON satellites ...

Press release – Princess Máxima Center for pediatric oncology EMBARGO: 8 JANUARY 2024 AT 11:00 AM ET (US)   Scientists have developed 3D mini-organs from human fetal brain tissue that self-organize in vitro. These lab-grown organoids open up a brand-new way of studying how the brain develops. They also offer a valuable means to study the development and treatment of diseases related to brain development, including brain tumors. Scientists use different ways to model the biology of healthy tissue and disease in the lab. These include cell lines, laboratory animals and, since a few years, 3D mini-organs. ...

COLUMBUS, Ohio – New research shows that the recently emerged BA.2.86 omicron subvariant of the virus that causes COVID-19 can be neutralized by bivalent mRNA vaccine-induced antibodies in the blood, which explains why this variant did not cause a widespread surge as previously feared. However, the study in cell cultures showed this SARS-CoV-2 variant can infect human cells that line the lower lung and engage in virus-host cell membrane fusion more efficiently, two features linked to severe disease symptoms. The study is published today (Jan. 8, 2024) in the journal Cell. The BA.2.86 variant of omicron is the ancestor of the currently dominating JN.1 and has about ...

About The Study: In this study of more than 2 million individuals born in Denmark, sibling death in childhood and early adulthood was associated with increased risks of overall and most type-specific early-onset cardiovascular diseases, with the strength of associations varying by cause of death and age difference between sibling pairs. The findings highlight the need for extra attention and support to the bereaved siblings to reduce cardiovascular disease risk later in life.  Authors: Guoyou Qin, Ph.D., and Yongfu Yu, Ph.D., ...

About The Study: Early-life digital media exposure was associated with atypical sensory processing outcomes in multiple domains in this study that included 1,471 children. These findings suggest that digital media exposure might be a potential risk factor for the development of atypical sensory profiles. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between screen time and specific sensory-related developmental and behavioral outcomes, and whether minimizing early-life exposure can improve subsequent sensory-related outcomes.  Authors: Karen F. Heffler, M.D., of the Drexel University ...

About The Study: Diagnostic errors in hospitalized adults who died or were transferred to the intensive care unit were common and associated with patient harm in this analysis of 2,428 patient records at 29 hospitals. Problems with choosing and interpreting tests and the processes involved with clinician assessment are high-priority areas for improvement efforts.  Authors: Andrew D. Auerbach, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author. To access the embargoed study: Visit ...

Babies and toddlers exposed to television or video viewing may be more likely to exhibit atypical sensory behaviors, such as being disengaged and disinterested in activities, seeking more intense stimulation in an environment, or being overwhelmed by sensations like loud sounds or bright lights, according to data from researchers at Drexel’s College of Medicine published today in the journal JAMA Pediatrics. According to the researchers, children exposed to greater TV viewing by their second birthday were more likely to develop atypical sensory processing behaviors, such as “sensation seeking” and “sensation ...